Tauraron Dan Adam Communications. Cibiyoyin, tsarin da kuma ci gaban sarari sadarwa

Yau, ba abin mamaki da yawa da tauraron dan adam jita-jita a kan rufi na gidaje. Tauraron Dan Adam Communications kahu sosai a cikin rayuwar talakawa mutumin a titi. Ko da a cikin m yankunan a yanzu suna da damar duba TV da kuma amfani da sabis na Intanit, yayin da ciwon high alama matakin. Amma duk wannan an sanya yiwu godiya ga aikin sarari sadarwa cibiyoyin, wanda za a tattauna a wannan labarin.

duniya cibiyar sadarwa

A yau duniya cibiyar sadarwa da'irori duniya. A Rasha da damar ya dauki high quality-talabijin na kasar damar Tarayya Jihar Unitary ciniki "Rasha Tauraron Dan Adam Communications." Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin goma most tauraron dan adam aiki a duniya, tare da kansa TV cibiyar na matsawa. Bugu da kari, shi na samar da multiplexing na dijital a qarqashinsu, ya haifar da kunshe-na tarayya shirye-shirye watsa shirye-shirye.

sarari bangaren

Kamfanin kunshi wani ƙungiyar taurari na 12 da tauraron dan adam duk jeri. Tauraron Dan Adam ɗaukar hoto yanki ne dukan ƙasar Rasha, CIS, Turai, Afirka da kuma yankin Gabas ta Tsakiya, Australia, Arewa da kuma Kudancin Amirka, da kuma Asia-Pacific yankin. Orbital wuri na da kumbon sama jannati a cikin orbital baka - daga 14 ° yamma zuwa 145 ° gabas longitude.

A nazarin sasannin bangaren

Lantarki, wanda shi ne a ƙasa - yana da biyar cibiyoyin sarari sadarwa. Suna located a karkarar Rasha. A ta aiki da kamfanin a shiryar da ta tarayya manufa shirin domin ci gaba da watsa shirye-shirye a cikin Rasha Federation a 2009-2018. Cikin kewayon sabis ne mai fadi da:

• management, sarari da ãyõyinMu, kuma sarari saka idanu na Tsarin da motocin.
• sadarwa da watsa shirye-shirye (rediyo da talabijin watsa shirye-shirye, dijital kuma tauraron dan adam TV) don 52 kasashe.
• gwamnati da kuma shugaban kasa sadarwa;
• Akwati da marine sadarwa.

sarari sadarwa tsarin

Transmission na bayanai a kan tashar Duniya - a sarari da tauraron dan adam da kuma mayar da ne da za'ayi a cikin hanyoyi daban-daban. A sarari amfani telemetry, tarho, gidan waya, talabijin tsarin. Mafi mashahuri rediyo tsarin. Babban bayãnin hukuncin fasali na sarari saboda da Flying sarari abubuwa ne kamar haka:

• kullum canja matsayin kumbon sama jannati.
• m canji alama a liyafar mita;
• iyakance kai tsaye ganuwa zone da ƙasa dangane da maki.
• iyakance ikon riwayar located a kan kumbon sama jannati.
• wata babbar zangon sadarwa.

Development of Space Communications

Kowa ya sani cewa da farko lamba tare da wani mutumin a sarari aka gane Afrilu 12, 1961. Cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin ya, cikin ta jirgin ya kula da wani kwari biyu-hanyar tarho da gidan waya sadarwa Duniya da kumbon sama jannati "Vostok" a cikin kewayon mita da kuma decameter tãguwar ruwa.

A nan gaba, sarari sadarwar da ƙasa da aka inganta, kuma a watan Agusta 1961, a lokacin da jirgin na cosmonaut GS Titov bayyana rage zuwa 10 Frames da biyu TV hoto. Yau, na al'ada misali talabijin tsarin da ake amfani da shi, da kuma watsa nesa daga miliyan 350 kilomita (a lokacin flights zuwa Mars).

Fasaha da tattalin arziki da bangaren

Term tauraron dan adam sabis a sarari suKe ne game da shekaru 15. A wannan lokaci, da ci gaban fasahar sadarwa. Daya tauraron dan adam a sararin samaniya tare da halin kaka har zuwa $ 230 da miliyan, da kuma aiki na mai shi - yana gudu nagarta sosai da kuma amfani da shi a matsayin haya makaman. A Rasha, kawai biyu manyan hukumomi da za su iya yi wani tauraron dan adam a cikin geostationary kewayewa - Tarayya Jihar Unitary ciniki "Rasha Tauraron Dan Adam Communications Company" da kuma OAO "Gazprom Space Systems".

Matsaloli na gajeren taguwar ruwa

Radio sadarwar da sarari abubuwa da kuma jirgin sama dake a nisa mafi girma daga 1000 km, an gudanar a cikin gajeren zango na tashar kewayo. Amma a duniya a yau, wannan fanni ne bai isa ba. A dalilai domin wannan su ne kamar haka:

• gajeren zango na tashar ba tare da gagarumin tsangwama iya aiki game da dubu tashoshin rediyo da kuma aikinsu a yau a sau da yawa more.
• A kara amo matakin na bukatar yin amfani da ƙarin iko riwayar.
• A babba aibi da irin wannan zangon - multipath yaduwa da kuma sakamako na siginar Fading a karɓa. Wannan ya sa shi kusan ba zai yiwu don sadarwa a wannan fanni ba mai girma nisa.

Matsananci-short kalaman kewayon kasa loaded, amma liyafar ne da za'ayi kawai a sashi na ganuwa.

Fita - tauraron dan adam

A gaban da repeater alama a sarari, wato da tauraron dan adam, ba hangen zaman da ya buɗe sama sabon yiwuwa ga ci gaban sarari sadarwa. Yana da zai iya samar da abin dogara sadarwar da m abubuwa a sarari, kuma ya rufe surface na duniya lafiya da kuma watsa shirye-shirye kashin Grid. Da tauraron dan adam mai aiki da kuma m siginar repeaters za a iya shigar, da tauraron dan adam da kansu iya zama ko dai tsit (gyarawa dangi da duniya) da kuma yawo a low falakinsu.