The Battle of Gaugamela. Aleksandr Makedonsky da Dariyus: Battle of Gaugamela

The Battle of Gaugamela ya faru a 331 BC. e. Da shi shi ne na karshe fada a tsakanin sojojin na Sarkin Farisa Dariyus III da Aleksandra Makedonskogo. Yaƙin ya faru tare da gagarumin magabaci na Farisa. Akwai da dama da ɗari dubu mutane, kuma suka yi yaƙi da dubban sojoji da Girkanci-Macedonian sojojin. A farkon da adawa Parmenion - da shugaban sojoji haye Great - ya sha wahala sosai gagarumin asara. Alexander umarci dama flank da kuma sanya wani m da kuma kaucewa m rawar daji. Wannan ya haddasa rikice na Persian sarki, da ya bar fagen fama. A sakamakon haka, da Macedonian sojojin lashe. Abin da ya faru da gaske? Kuma kamar yadda yakin ya tafi a kan, wanda ba a manta, kuma a yau?

Aleksandr Makedonsky

Famous soja shugaban zauna a 356-323 shekaru BC. A ci Aleksandra Makedonskogo ya zama daya daga cikin mafi girma da abubuwan da suka faru a cikin tarihi na dukan 'yan adam. A cikinsu akwai hada epics da Legends, yin fim da aka rubuta kimiyya taƙaitaccen labari. Alexander ne ke mulkin ƙasar Makidoniya da kuma kafa na Hellenistic duniya jihar. Great ya dan Sarki Philip na II da kuma 'yar monarch Molosser Olympics. A yaro da suka fito a wani aristocratic ruhu: ya sanar da lissafi, rubutu, wasa da garaya. Malaminsa ya Aristotle kansa. ¡Iyãma, kuma Martial hali, Alexander ya riga a cikin matasa. Kamar yadda nan gaba m iya alfahari da m jiki ƙarfi, kuma da cewa ya ya iya hora Bucephalus - doki, wanda bai haifar da zuwa kowa ta horo.

Ga wasu sananne kwanakin a tarihi, wadda ta ɗaukaka da Sarkin Makidoniya:

• farkon watan Agusta 338 BC. e. - 16-shekara rundunar m ci Greek sojojin.
• Spring 335 BC. e. - wani yakin da ya kawo nasara a kan Alexander dutsen Thracians, Illyrians da triballi.
• hunturu 334-333 shekaru BC. e. Macedonian ga gaci Bamfiliya, kuma Lycia.

Amma yana da har yanzu ba dukan jerin nasarori da babban kwamandan.

nasara

Duk da nasarar da na Alexander Mai girma ne mai wuya a bayyana a cikin 'yan sentences, amma wasu har yanzu suna da daraja ambata. Da zarar a cikin shekara 335 BC. e. Alexander shelar kansa sarki, ya subordinated nufinsa waɗanda suka kuskure ya tayar da shi, waɗannan su ne sojoji a arewacin ƙasar Makidoniya. Ya kuma bugi Illyrians da kuma kore su zuwa cikin Danube.

Sai Great aka mur da makamai tawaye Helenawa. Ya ci Thebes kuma bai hana mai girma Athens. Da jimawa ba bayan, tare da babbar rundunar sojojin Sarkin Farisa ya ci sojojin da haka kafa ta nufin cikin Asiya Ƙananan. A kwanan wata a cikin tarihin nuna cewa Alexander ya sha nanata yi yaƙi da Dariyus III da kuma nasara a kan shi. A karo na farko shi ya faru a 333 BC. e. Sa'an nan, su tsallaka da Taurus, a Issus yaƙi ya faru tsakanin sojojin na biyu mai girma generals. Amma ya lashe girma, Persian sarki tilasta musu gudu zuwa Babila.

Ku yi sujada m Alexander miƙa wasu zaman lafiya sharuddan. Amma bai yarda da su. Ya yanke shawarar ci ƙasar, located a gabashin tekun na Bahar Rum. A nuna Great ƙasƙantattu Illyria, sa'an nan Palestine, sa'an nan Misira. A ƙasar pyramids ya gina Alexandria. Kuma a sa'an nan ya waccan mujalla da muka Battle of Gaugamela.

Dalilan da yaƙi

Kamar yadda mai karatu ya riga ya san, wadannan abubuwan da suka faru ya faru a 331 BC. e. Domin kamar wata shekaru kafin Dariyus III da aka farko ci da abokin gaba. Sai Persian so zaman lafiya da kuma miƙa 10,000 talanti Macedon a matsayin fansa ga su kama iyali. Bugu da ƙari, cikin Persian sarki Dariyus ya shirye su biya ga 'yarsa Alexandra satire. Ta sadaki aka zaci a matsayin mallaka daga Hellespont, kuma har zuwa Kogin Yufiretis. Har ila yau, Dariyus III da aka shirya don wani ƙawance da zaman lafiya tare da ku, maƙiyi.

Abin da ya miƙa Persian, ya wuce yarda da muhimmanci ga Alexander, don haka ya tattauna duk wannan da kawayenta. Daya daga cikin kusa na Macedon, Parmenion, ya ce zai yarda da duk yanayi, kasancewa a shafin na Alexander. Amma ba a general style ya za a karkashin jagorancin wani. Saboda haka sai ya ce za ya kuma amince da su cikin tsari, idan ta samu damar zama a wuri Parmenion. Amma kamar yadda ya - Aleksandr Veliky, kuma ba wani ba, ba a tsagaita wuta ba za ta je.

Dariyus ya a daidai wasika, wanda ya bayyana cewa, babu daya na da hakkin ya umarci babban kwamandan. Kuma 'yar wani Persian matarsa zai zama mai girma ne kawai idan karshen kansa don haka nufin, domin dukan iyali ya kasance maƙiyi cikin ikonsa. Alexander rubuta cewa idan Dariyus na son zaman lafiya, to, sai su zo da uban gidansa kamar yadda ya batu. Bayan da irin wannan sako Dariyus III fara shirya domin real yaki.

sojojin abokan adawar

Fadace-fadace Aleksandra Makedonskogo sun kasance kullum na jini da kuma kawo mai yawa asarar abokan adawar. Bayan duk, da Macedonian sojojin yawa. A cikin shiri domin yakin Gaugamela, shi ya ƙidaya 40 dubu dakaru da dubu bakwai da mahayan dawakai. Amma Farisa da magabaci a cikin lambobin girma. Duk da haka, shi ba ya tada girma, kamar yadda mafi yawan sojojin Sarkin kunshi horar da kyau da sojoji tare da kwarewa. Dariyus III sojojin ƙidaya 250 dubu. Mutane, daga cikinsu akwai dubu 30. Sojojin haya daga kasashen Girka da kuma dubu 12. Baktrians nauyi a kan doki.

Kamar yadda muka shige Yufiretis

The Battle of Gaugamela ya fara da cewa, bayan wucewa da Syria, da Macedonian sojojin zo zuwa Kogin Yufiretis. The Persian sojojin kare mararraba. Amma Farisa bace da zaran sun ga babban sojojin abokan hamayyarsu ne. Saboda haka, Alexander gudanar da saukin shawo kan Yufiretis, kuma ci gaba da tafiya zuwa gabas. Darius bai hana girma. Ya, tare da sojojinsa na makiya jiran a kan tudu, wanda yake shi ne daidai dace domin girke sojojin da kuma shan kashi na Makidoniya. A karamin kauye na Gaugamela aka located gaba kofa ga wannan a fili.

Tiger, da inganta rundunar sojojin Dariyus

A watan Satumba, sai ya tafi da kogin Tigris Aleksandr Makedonsky (Battle of Gaugamela, daya daga cikin da dama exploits, shi ne kawai a kusa da kusurwar). The fursunoni, wanda ya riga ya ansu rubuce-rubucen, ya ce cewa Dariyus zai hana mararraba na Makidoniya ta hanyar wannan tafki. Amma bayan da Great fara haye kogi, babu daya a kan m banki. Farisa da aka shirya zuwa ga wani hari a wani.

A halin yanzu, sojojin Dariyus III da aka inganta da kuma ladabi da makamansu. Saboda haka, ga cibiya da drawbar karusai suka makale a wasa tip. Yana da aka zaci cewa wadannan raka'a kamata sa babban hasarori a kan abokin sojojin. dakaru makamai ma zama mafi m.

The kama yaƙi

The dama flank mai girma da yake daidai, à da gaban babban layi. Dariyus da umarnin da ya hagu reshe zagaye da dama flank na abokan gaba. The sojojin doki garzaya mu cika shi. Alexander ma da umarnin a Greek sojan doki ya buge, amma mutanensa sun gaza. Amma duk da haka Dariyus da tsare-tsaren da aka ba gane.

Alexander Lashe

The Battle of Gaugamela ya zafi. Daga qarshe Dariyus III gudu tare da sojojin fagen fama kamar nashkodivshy cat. Duk da ba yawa Macedonian sojojin ya ya iya lashe saboda da hankali da kuma Prudence. Wannan yaƙi alama ƙarshen Persian Empire da kuma ta m aka kashe kansa masõya m. Aleksandr Makedonsky, bayan da irin wannan gagarumin yaki ya lashe yawa nasarori da ya fadada ikon mallakar ba iko.