"The Green Revolution" da kuma nasa sakamakon

Matsalar samar da abinci ga underdeveloped kasashe, asalin {zuwa wannan rana, akwai ba a jiya. Kokarin warware ta taba Kanmu a matakai daban-daban. A cikin 40s na karni na 20th a Latin America fara da canji da zai kai ga mafi girma da ake samu, kuma ta haka ne a kunna wadannan kasashe wajen samar da isasshen kayayyakin gona da saduwa da bukatun da yawan jama'a. Wadannan canje ake kira "Green Revolution". Lalle ne, akwai an gagarumin canje-canje. Sun zama mai kyau ko ma fiye da aggravated halin da ake ciki na kasashen in bukatar? Tattauna a kasa.

Kalmar "kore juyin juya halin" da aka fara amfani da a 1968 ta V. Gaudio, Director na Amurka Agency for International Development. Wannan magana da ya bayyana riga ganin gagarumin canje-canje a cikin aikin noma na Mexico da kuma Asia. Kuma suka fara da shirin soma a cikin farkon 1940s, gwamnatin Mexico da Rockefeller Foundation.

babban ayyuka

Shirin na inganta harkokin noma, a} asashen dake bukatar taimakon abinci da main manufofin kafa su ne kamar haka:

• cin gaban sabon iri da hakan da ake samu cewa suna resistant zuwa kwari da kuma weather faru.
• Ci gaba da kuma kyautata na ban ruwa tsarin.
• ƙara yin amfani da magungunan kashe qwari da kuma sinadaran takin zamani da kayan aikin noma.

The "kore juyin juya halin" ake dangantawa da sunan American masanin kimiyya, samu a 1970 da Nobel Prize for taimakonsa da warware abinci matsala. Wannan Norman Ernest Borlaug. Ya aka tsunduma a waddan sabon irin alkama tun farkon sabon m shirye-shirye a Mexico. A sakamakon aikinsa da aka samu masauki juriya sa tare da wani gajeren kara, da kuma yawan amfanin ƙasa a kasar ya karu da sau 3 a cikin na farko shekaru 15.

Daga baya kwarewa a girma sabon iri dauki kan sauran kasashe a Latin America, India, cikin kasashen da na Asia, Pakistan. Borlaug, wanda aka ce cewa ya aka "ciyar da duniya", da aka kai ta kasa da kasa Alkama Inganta Shirin, daga baya ya yi kamar wani mashawarci, kuma ya jagoranci koyarwa.

Da yake magana game da canje-canje da cewa kawo "kore juyin juya halin", ya na tsaye a da tushen masanin kimiyya ce cewa wannan shi ne kawai ta wucin gadi nasara, kuma gane a matsayin da ciwon matsaloli a aiwatar da karuwa a samar da abinci da shirye-shirye a duniya, kazalika da bayyane muhalli da lalacewar duniya.

The "kore juyin juya halin" da kuma nasa sakamakon

Menene sakamakon sake fasalin, wanda dade da dama da suka gabata a sassa daban-daban na duniya? Wasu statistics. Akwai shaida da cewa da yawan adadin kuzari a kullum rage cin abinci na mutane a kasashe masu tasowa ya karu da 25%, da kuma da yawa sanyã wannan ga waɗanda nasarori da cewa kawo "kore juyin juya halin". Wannan shi ne sakamakon sabon asashe da kuma karuwa shinkafa da alkama filayen an riga an ci gaba a} asashe 15. 41 sabon iri-iri na alkama da aka samu. By kara fannin horar da ƙasa a cikin 10-15% karuwa a yawan amfanin ƙasa ya 50-74%. Duk da haka, da hira da aka kusan ba ya canzawa mabukata a kasashen Afirka, ciki har da saboda rashin ci gaban gida kayayyakin more rayuwa.

A downside ne, a sama da dukan, da tasiri a kan biosphere. Traces of miyagun ƙwayoyi na dogon lokaci dakatar DDT har yanzu samu a Antarctica. Nitrogen taki ya gagarumin lalacewar kasa da kuma kasa m amfani da filayen kai ga su kusan cikakkiyar ci. Jahilci da kafuwa da kuma goyon baya na ban ruwa tsarin , sun ɓatar da gurbatawa na surface ruwaye. Yau, a hanya domin kara raya a cikin wannan shugabanci ne kusan m, ya kuma inganta mai tsanani daga cikin abinci matsalar za kawai girma.

Har ila yau, da yawa an ce game da abin da shi ne ainihin sakamakon da "kore juyin juya halin" kasashe masu tasowa sun zama irin abinci mazauna. A matakin na inganta harkokin noma, a zaman kansa gidaje ne har yanzu low, kuma da yawa masu zaman kansu manoman sun rasa m ƙasar. Ya zauna wani bude tambaya da tasiri na GM abinci a kan mutum kiwon lafiya.