Tit burogolovaya: bayanin da haifuwa

Tit burogolovaya - tit tsuntsu iyali. A Rasha, kuma aka sani da suna "Pukhlyak" saboda irin yawa fluffs gashinsa a musamman sanyi weather. Yana yi kawaici a cikin sashi na coniferous gandun daji na Asiya da Turai. Ba kamar sauran iri tsuntsaye, ta fi son su rayu a cikin m yankunan, amma sau da yawa ne m ga mutum.

Tit burogolovaya: m bayyanar

Bird yana da kananan m jiki, 14 cm a tsawon kuma yin la'akari 9-14 g, a takaice wuyansa, kuma wutsiya grayish-Brown launi. Top na fairly manyan kai da wuya - wani Matte baki launi. Mafi yawa daga cikin baya, matsakaici da kuma kananan fuka-fuki, kafadu, da ƙananan baya nadhvoste da brownish-m launi. Kumatunta fari da launin toka. A kowane gefen wuyansa akwai ocher ya dafa. A gaban na makogwaro ne da ake kira shirtfront - a manyan baki tabo. A baki ne duhu launin ruwan kasa. Kasa tsuntsaye datti-fari da kadan ocher ya dafa a kan sãsanninsu, kafafu da ƙafãfunsu suke duhu launin toka.

Willow tit a filin iya a gauraye da blackheads. Bambanci tsakanin su ne da cewa Pukhlyak yana da wani Matte maimakon am baki hula da kuma wani grayish tsaye ratsi a kan fikafikan secondaries. A mafi daukan hankali hallmark na waɗannan tsuntsaye za a iya kira su tsarkakewa.

habitats

Tit burogolovaya samu a cikin gandun daji bangarori na Eurasia, fara daga gabas na Burtaniya da kuma tsakiyar yankunan na Faransa da kuma kawo karshen Pacific Coast da kuma Japan tsibirin. A arewa, shi zaune a cikin itatuwan ciyayi yankunan, kazalika da Scandinavian da Finnish gandun daji tundra. A kudu, aka same shi a cikin matakan.

Willow tit ayan rayuwa a cikin filayen kwari coniferous da kuma gauraye gandun daji na dutse, wanda aka girma Pine, larch, spruce, kuma located floodplains da dausayi. A Siberia, shi settles a cikin duhu taiga da sphagnum bogs, Willow da alder thickets.

A Turai, yafi zaune tsakanin shrubs a riparian gandun daji, gandun daji gefuna da Ashtarot sadaukar. A duwatsu yankin da aka samu a tsawon 2000 m zuwa 2745 m, misali, a cikin Tien Shan. Waje kiwo kakar, tsuntsu o ƙarin tashi yafi hakan. Alal misali, a jihar Tibet Pukhlyak aka gani a tsawon 3960 m saman teku matakin.

hanyar rayuwa

Birds da wannan nau'in gida a watan Afrilu da Mayu. Shin sun fi mayar da masu zama a gida a cikin hollows, wanda aka located in kututture da matattu itatuwa a kananan nesa daga ƙasa. Tit burogolovaya, kamar woodpecker, fi son zuwa Gouge gidansa a ramshackle rududdugaggu itace. A zurfin hollows ne game da 20 cm da diamita - 8.6 cm.

Pow tsunduma tsari gida ma'aurata suka samu kansu a cikin fall. Maza a cikin shekarar farko ta rayuwa suna neman mace a gaba yanki (ba fiye da kilomita biyar). Idan suka kasa su yi, suka tashi don m yankunan na gandun daji.

A cikin gida tsari a pow daya ko biyu makonni tafi a kan talakawan. Don yin wannan, tsuntsaye amfani twigs, itace haushi, haushi, ulu da gashinsa. pow kwasfansu ne daban-daban daga sauran iri gidãjensu gaichek da cewa ba su kawo cikin gida gansakuka. Tit - Willow tit - ya likes yi makon jiya, inda tsaba na shuke-shuke, amma sau da yawa manta game da taska ta whereabouts.

abinci

Pow feed a kan daban-daban kananan kwaro da kuma larvae. Saboda haka, chickadee kawo babban amfani ga al'ummar yanayin kasa na gandun daji, kamar yadda a kan size na kwari. Bugu da kari, suna ciyar da abinci a kan 'ya'yan itatuwa da tsaba na shuke-shuke.

A lokacin rani rage cin abinci na adult tit raba daidai tsakanin abinci na dabba da kayan lambu asalin. Winter feed yafi seeded Juniper, Pine da spruce. Kajin ake azurtã gizo-gizo, caterpillars na butterflies tare da kayan lambu da ciyarwa. Manya pow a cikin abinci cinye earthworm, ƙudan zuma, weevils, kwari, sauro, tururuwa, ticks kuma ko da katantanwa.

Daga shuka abinci a su rage cin abinci kunshi hatsi kamar alkama, masara, hatsi, da sha'ir. Tit na berries fi son cranberries, Rowan, cranberries, blueberries, kuma cotoneaster. Bird Feeder ziyara da wuya.

haifuwa

Wannan kakar zo daidai da lokacin da ramummuka tsari. Pow sami wata biyu a cikin shekarar farko ta rayuwa da kuma zauna tare muddin daya daga cikinsu zai mutu. Lifespan burogolovyh gaichek ba fiye da shekaru tara.

Courting maza ne tare da songs, kuma ta girgiza fuka-fuki. Kafin Pairing, suka fãsi? Mãtã ciyar da tire. Kafin ka fara kwanciya tsuntsaye gida sabunta tsari. Saboda haka, farkon Hatching qwai tit rufe da wata Layer na zuriyar dabbobi. Kwanciya yawanci kunshi 5-9 fari qwai da m ruwan kasa speckles. Shiryawa da aka ci gaba ga jinjirin wata. A wannan lokaci, namiji samar da abinci ga mahaifiyarsa da kuma kare gida. Wani lokaci mace tashi daga gida ga tsawo da kuma ciyarwa a kan nasu.

Kajin kyankyasar kwan asynchronously cikin biyu zuwa kwana uku. A karo na farko da suka na rufe ne da bakin ciki saukar da brownish-m launi, da rami na baki ne brownish-yellow tint. Namiji da mace tare ciyar da su matasa. A kan talakawan da suka kawo samar wa 250-300 sau a rana. A dare, kuma a kan sanyi kwanaki burogolovaya rabuwa chickadee zaune a wani m, dumama zũriyarsu. A kajin suna sannu a hankali fara tashi bayan 17-20 kwanaki bayan haihuwa, amma har yanzu suna dogara a kan iyayensu, saboda sun yi ba iya samar da nasu abincin. A tsakiyar watan Yuli tsuntsu iyali huddling nomadic garkunan tumaki, wanda a Bugu da kari za a iya samu pikas tsuntsaye, nuthatches da kuma na beads.

tsarkakewa da

Vocal repertoire Willow tit ba shi da irin bambancin, kamar blackheads. Rarraba iri biyu songs: demonstrative (amfani da su kusantar da tururi) da na sarari (alamomi mace rabo). Nau'i na farko ya kunshi jerin auna taushi-kara whistles "ti ... ti ..." ko "... TII TII ...". Willow tit (ga photo. Ƙasa) yi da song a wannan matakin ko ƙaruwa daga lokaci zuwa lokaci sautin. Pow raira waƙa duk shekara zagaye, amma mafi sau da yawa shi ya auku a cikin bazara, kuma a lokacin rani marigayi.

Yankin fito idan aka kwatanta da demonstrative yawa ya fi shuru da yayi kama da gurgling trill da intermittent beeping. Ta sau da yawa yi ta maza fiye da mata. Har ila yau, da yawa masana bambanta "gurgling" song. M pozyvka hada da hankula iyali tit high-kafa sansani sauti "chi-chi", ga wanda kusan ko da yaushe za a iya ji rattling da rougher "dzhee dzhee ... ...".