Viktor Petrovich Astafev - Biography. Creativity, soyayya rayuwa, photos

Yawa daga cikin mu tuna da ayyukan Victor Petrovich Astafieva da makaranta manhaja. Wannan yaki da labaru, da kuma labarin da wuya rayuwa a kauyen Rasha baƙauye, da kuma tunani a kan sa kafin da kuma bayan abubuwan da suka faru na yaki a kasar. Lalle kasa marubuci ya Viktor Petrovich Astafev! Tarihinsa - wani m misali na wahala da bakin cikin kasancewar na kowa mutum a zamanin Stalinism. A cikin ayyukansu da Rasha mutane da aka gabatar ba a cikin nau'i na wani dukkan-m kasa gwarzo, wanda zai iya jimre da duk wani wahalhalu da hasara, kamar yadda aka dauka su wakilci a lokacin. Marubucin ya nuna yadda wuya nauyin yaki da totalitarian gwamnatin cewa rinjaye a lokacin a kasar, domin sauki Rasha baƙauye.

Viktor Astafjevs: biography

Haife marubuci May 1, 1924 a Krasnodar yankin, a kauyen oatmeal Soviet yankin. Yana kuma haƙĩƙa, sun shige cikin shimfiɗar jariri, da na marubuci. Yaron ta uba, Peter Pavlovich Astafjevs, da kuma mahaifiyarsa, Lydia Ilinichna Potylitsyn sun manoma, ya na da karfi tattalin arzikin. Amma a sau da collectivization iyali da aka kori. Biyu mazan da 'ya'ya mata Peter Pavlovich da Lydia Ilinichny mutu tun suna jarirai. Victor zarar bar ba tare da iyayensu. Mahaifinsa aka daure "ɓarna da gangan." A uwa nutsar a cikin Yenisei, sa'ad da yake shekaru 7 da haihuwa. A wani hatsari. Jirgin ruwan a kan wanda Lydia Ilinichna sauransu swam da kogin saduwa up tare da mijinta a cikin kurkuku, ya kife. Ya fadi a cikin ruwa, da mace kama QFontDatabase ga Bon kuma Muka nutsar. Bayan rasuwar mahaifansa biyu da yaron da aka kawo a cikin wani iyali na kakaninki. Link ya tsara wani yaro ya zo da wuri. Daga baya, a matsayin wani marubuci, Astafjevs tuna yadda kakata Katherine kira shi "vrushey" ga m kwatanci. Rayuwa a tsohon yaron da jũna a hikaya. Ta kasance kawai mai haske tunanin da yara. Bayan da ya faru, da makaranta Victor aka aika zuwa makarantar kwana a kauyen Igarka. Akwai ya rayu a wuya rayuwa. Yaron sau da yawa besprizornichal. Malam Kirsimeti da takardar Ignatius lura a cikin dalibai a so ga karatu. Ya yi kokari wajen samar da shi. Composing wani yaro game da ya fi so lake daga baya za a kira m aikinsa "Vasyutkin lake" lokacin da ya zama wani shahararren marubuci. Bayan kammala shida aji na makarantar sakandare, Victor zo a cikin jirgin makaranta FZO. Ya gama da shi a cikin 1942.

adulthood

Bayan haka, saurayin wasu lokaci na aiki a tashar Train mai yi kusa da birnin Krasnoyarsk. The yaki ya kawo game da canje-canje a cikin rayuwarsa. A cikin kaka na daya, a 1942, ya sadaukar da ga gaban. Ga shi nan, da kuma artrazvedchikom, da kuma direban da signalman. Viktor Astafjevs ya yi yaƙi domin Poland, Ukraine, suka yi yaƙi a Kursk. A lokacin fadan, ya kasance munanan raunuka da kuma harsashi-gigice. Ya soja exploits aka bayar da lambar yabo "Ga Jaruntakan", "Domin da kwato Poland", "Ga Nasara a kan Jamus" da kuma cikin Order of Red Star. Bayan demobilization a shekarar 1945 a cikin Urals Chusovoy settles Viktor Petrovich Astafev. Tarihinsa da aka yi wani sabon zagaye. Ya fara wani, m rayuwa. A nan sai ya kawo da matarsa, wanda daga baya ya zama sananne a matsayin marubuci - M. S. Koryakinu. Sun kasance sũ ne gaba daya mutane daban-daban. Around Victor ko da yaushe hovered mata. Sai ya zama mai ban sha'awa mutum. An sani cewa yana da biyu shege 'ya'ya mata. Ya kishi matarsa, Maria. Ta mafarkin cewa mijinta ya kasance da aminci ga iyali. A nan, Chusovoy, Victor daukan kan wani aiki to ciyar da 'ya'yansu. The aure da aka haife uku daga cikinsu. Da mazan yarinya Maria da kuma Victor rasa. Ta kasance kawai 'yan watanni a lokacin da ta mutu a asibiti daga tsananin dyspepsia. Wannan ya faru a shekara ta 1947. Kuma a 1948, Astafieva biyu ya aka haife, wanda aka kira Ira. Bayan shekaru 2 a cikin iyali ya da wani ɗa, Andrew. Yara Viktor Petrovich Astafieva girma a cikin matsananci yanayi. Saboda Jihar kiwon lafiya, gurgunta da yaki, nan gaba marubuci bai iya ya koma zuwa ga sana'a, shirya a factory horo. Chusovoy ya yi aiki tuƙuru da makaniki, da kuma wani Loader, da kuma wani foundry a gida ma'aikata, da wanki carcasses a tsiran factory, kuma kafinta a cikin daffo.

A farkon wata m hanya

Rubuta kasuwanci har yanzu ya shafi nan gaba Masters na kalma. A nan, Chusovoy, ya halarci wallafe-wallafen da'irar. Wannan shi ne yadda ya tuna Viktor Petrovich Astafev. Tarihinsa da aka kadan da aka sani, don haka masu karatu muhimmanci da wani daki-daki, a hade da rayuwarsa da kuma kerawa. "The so ga rubuce-rubuce, na yi jima. Na tuna sosai, a wancan lokaci, a lokacin da na halarci wani wallafe-wallafen da'irar, daya hul karanta sabuwar rubuta labarin. Artwork buga ni tare da artificiality, unnaturalness. Na dauki shi da kuma rubuta wani labari. Yana da aka ta da halittar farko. A da shi na yi magana game da wartime abokai "- ya yi magana game da ya halarta a karon marubucin. Sunan na farko samfurin - "wani farar hula". "Chusovoi ma'aikacin" da aka buga a cikin jaridar a 1951, shi ne. A labarin da aka wani rabo. Next shekaru hudu, da marubuci ne a wallafe-wallafen aboki na buga edition. A shekarar 1953, a birnin Perm, farko da tarin gajejjeran labaru, mai taken "Har na gaba spring." Kuma a shekarar 1958 Astafjevs rubuta labari "narkewa Snow", wanda ya haskaka matsalolin da yankunan karkara na gama farm rayuwa. Ba da da ewa, na biyu tarin gajejjeran labaru, mai taken "Lights" saki Viktor Astafjevs. "Stories yara" - ya bayyana marubucin ne ya halitta.

Tale "Starodub". A sauyi a marubuci

Viktor Astafjevs aka dauke su kai sanar. Ilimi kamar yadda irin wannan bai samu ba, amma ya ko da yaushe kokarin inganta kwarewa. Don wannan karshen, marubucin a cikin shekaru 1959-1961 karatu a Higher wallafe-wallafen darussa a Moscow. A mujallu na Urals lokaci zuwa lokaci wallafa ayyukansa Viktor Petrovich Astafev, wanda biography da aka gabatar a nan. A cikinsu, ya kiwata m matsalar da samuwar dan adam da, girma a wuya yanayi 30s, 40s. Wadannan su ne da labaru kamar yadda "sata", "Last Bow", "wani wuri yaki wasan yara masu kara" da sauransu. Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa da yawa daga gare su, autobiographical. Ga kuma scene marayu rayuwa, gabatar a duk da rashin tausayi da kuma dispossession na manoma, kuma yafi. A sauyi a aikin Astafieva ya zama labari "Starodub", rubuta a shekarar 1959. Action yana daukan wuri a cikin wani tsoho Siberian shiri. Ra'ayoyi da kuma hadisai na Old Muminai ba sa juyayi ga Victor. Taiga dokokin, "halitta bangaskiya", a cewar marubucin, ba ya cece wani mutum daga Loneliness kuma shirya latsa matsaloli. A culmination daga cikin ayyukan - mutuwar protagonist. The matattu hannun mutum maimakon kyandirori - flower Starodub.

Astafjevs na da Rasha hali a cikin labarin "The soja da kuma uwa"

Lokacin da jerin marubucin ayyukan fara a kan "Rasha kasa harafin"? Kamar yadda mafi wallafe-wallafen sukar, tare da labarin Astaf'eva "soja da kuma tsohuwata." A babban harafin halittar yana da wani sunan. Yana embodies duk Rasha mata a zuciyar wadda suka shige cikin "m baƙin ƙarfe dabaran yaki". A nan marubuci na halitta irin wannan mutum iri cewa ya shafi gaskiya, kwarai, "gaskiya yanayi." Surprises, da kuma yadda a amince da master a cikin ayyukansu bayyana m matsaloli na zamantakewa da ci gaban. Babban tushen, wanda fa, tã yi wahayi zuwa daga Astafev Viktor Petrovich - Biography. A takaice version of abu ne mai wuya su janye da karatu ta zuciya na juna ji. Kuma saboda haka an dauke a wuya rayuwa na wani marubuci ne sosai, daki-daki.

Taken yaki a cikin ayyukan marubuci

A shekarar 1954 ya zo "fi so yaron" marubucin. Shi ne game da labarin "The makiyayi da shepherdess." Just 3 days master rubuta wani daftarin na 120 pages. Daga baya, ya kawai goge rubutu. Labarin ba ya so ya buga har abada excised daga ta duka, niƙaƙƙun gaɓãɓuwa cewa bai ba da damar yin katsalandan. Kawai bayan shekaru 15, marubucin ya iya saki a gare shi a cikin na asali siffan. A tsakiyar labari - labarin wani matashi kwamandan Boris Kostyaeva mutanena su ka, wanda aka fuskantar da munin yaki, amma har yanzu ya mutu daga raunuka da kuma ci a kan wani jirgin kasa dauke da shi zuwa ga raya. Mace ta soyayya ba ya cece babban harafin. A cikin labarin da marubucin ya fa, tã yi karatu mai tsanani hoto na yaki da kuma mutuwa, wanda ta daukawa. Ba ma wuya a ga dalilin da ya sa samfurin ba ya so ya bari a cikin haske. Mutanen da suka yi yãƙi, kuma lashe yaki, shi ne m zuwa dace da iko, da karfi, unyielding. Bisa ga labarai na master, ya ba kawai lanƙwasa amma kuma hallaka. Kuma mutuwa da kuma haramta mutane sha ba kawai saboda invaders, wanda ya zo da ƙasarsu, amma kuma da yardar da totalitarian tsarin, rinjaye a kasar. Astafieva kerawa Victor bayansa, da kuma sauran m ayyukansu, kamar "Sasha Lebedev", "gaji da damuwa da barci", "Hands matarsa", "Indiya", "blue faɗuwar rana", "Rasha Diamond", "a kan wata hujja rana akwai" da sauransu.

Tale "Ode Rasha kitchen lambu" - yabon Allah da baƙauye himma

A shekara ta 1972, ta gaba samfurin saki Astafev Viktor Petrovich. Biography, takaice version of wanda aka gabatar a nan yana da ban sha'awa. A marubuci girma a kauyen. Da ya gan ta daga cikin. Ya kasance ba dan hanya zuwa ga wahala da kuma wahalhalu na mutane da hannu baya-watse aiki da cewa shi ne saba wa shi daga yara. Tale "Ode Rasha kitchen lambu" - wani aiki da cewa shi ne irin take da baƙauye aiki. Marubuci E. Nosov ce da shi: "An bã da lãbãrinsu ba, kuma sung zuwa ..." Ga wani sauki kauyen yaro lambu - yana da ba kawai wani wuri inda za ka iya "cika ciki", da kuma dukan duniya cike da asirai da kuma ta asĩri. Yana da shi da kuma makaranta na rayuwa, da kuma Academy of Fine Arts. Lokacin da karatun "Ode" ba ya bar wani ji daga bakin ciki domin batattu jituwa m aiki, wanda damar wani mutum ya fuskanci mai bada rai dangantaka da uwar yanayi.

Story "Last Bow" Rayuwa a kauyen

Baƙauye theme marubuci Viktor Astafjevs aka tasowa a cikin sauran ayyuka. Daya daga cikinsu - jerin gajeren labarai mai taken "Last Bow". The labari a cikin ta farko mutum. A tsakiyar halittar marubucin - al'adar kauyen yara, wanda ya zo daidai da yara da shekaru na 30s, lokacin da kasar ta fara da collectivization da kuma matasa - to "wuta" da 40th. Ya kamata a lura cewa wannan jerin labaru da aka halitta biyu shekarun da suka gabata (daga shekarar 1958 zuwa 1978.). A farko labari ya bambanta da ɗan lyrical lãbãri, dabara mutumci. Kuma a karshe labarin da aka fili gani da shirye na marubucin da tabbaci soki tsarin da halaka da kasa tushen rayuwa. Suka busa m da kuma bude shi abin izgili.

Tale "King-kifi" - tafiya zuwa ga ƙasar haihuwarmu

A cikin ayyukansu, marubucin tasowa taken adana kasa hadisai. Ya labarin mai taken "King-kifi", saki a cikin haske a 1976, shi ne kusa a ruhu da sake zagayowar da labaru game da yankunan karkara rayuwa. A shekara ta 2004, a Krasnoyarsk ya da wani abin tunawa a daraja na 80th ranar tunawa da marubuci. Yanzu ya ke daya daga cikin alamu na birnin. By lokacin da littafin da aka buga riga recognizable da kuma rare marubucin zama Viktor Astafjevs. Hoto da shi - a gaban shafukan da wallafe-wallafen mujallu. Abin da za mu ce game da littafin? An ban sha'awa iri na ciyar da kasa a cikin samfurin. Marubucin paints wani hoto na ruwan tekun Atlantika yanayi, ta shãfe wayewa, mutane ta rayuwa a cikin zurfin Siberia. Mutane wanda abi'a da aka rasa, a cikin wanda darajõji ake habaka da buguwa, farautar, sata, ƙarfin hali, suna pathetic.

War labari "La'ananne da kuma kashe shi" - zargi na Stalinism

A shekarar 1980 ya koma mahaifarsa - a Krasnoyarsk - Viktor Astafjevs. Biography nan shi bai sauya ba ga mafi alhẽri. A 'yan shekaru bayan motsi ba zato ba tsammani ya mutu ya Irina marubuci. Viktor da kuma Maria Semenovna dauki baya ta yara, ta jikoki Pauline kuma Vitya. A daya hannun, shi ne a nan, a gida, akwai wani mai gida m turu. Ya rubuta irin ayyukan matsayin "Zaberega" "wakewake", "hango kankara gantali," "Mutuwa," karshe babi "Last Bow" da sauransu. Ga shi an halitta fitar da ledger na yaki - da labari "La'ananne da kuma kashe shi". Wannan halittar marubuci bambanta da sharpness, categorical, so. Domin rubutu Romana Astafev aka bayar da Jihar Prize na Rasha.

A shekara 2001 ya ga marubucin da m labarai m. Yanã ciyarwa da yawa lokaci a asibiti. Biyu bugun jini ya fita ba bege na dawo. Abokansa} orafin da Krasnoyarsk Regional majalisar wakilai, a kan kasafi na kudi domin lura da marubuci kasashen waje. Da la'akari da wannan batu ya zama wata fitina daga marubucin. Babu wani kudi kasaftawa. Doctors, yada hannunsa, da haƙuri da aka aika gida, wurin mutu. Nuwamba 29, 2001, ya rasu Viktor Astafjevs. Films sanya daga ayyukansa, kuma a yau ne mai matukar ban sha'awa masu sauraro.