Wanda ya Lomonosov Mihail Vasilevich?

Mutane da yawa masu bincike sun yi kokarin gano wanda ya Lomonosov for Rasha kimiyya. Ƙayyade wannan short ne wajen wuya saboda masanin kimiyya ne mai m mutum. Yana sha'awar biyu daidai da agaji kimiyyar.

asalin

Mikhail Lomonosov aka haife Nuwamba 19, 1711 a kauyen Mishaninskoy. Wannan wuri yana kan karkata daga Rasha - a cikin nisa arewa na Arkhangelsk lardin. Future masanin kimiyyar kasa mallakar Pomerania. Mahaifinsa Basil Dorofeyevich ya da gida matsayin, wani m m. Ya farauta kama kifi. Lokacin da Michael girma, mahaifina ya fara yi shi tare a kan tafiya.

Na ga nisa arewa ne mai muhimmanci kamar yadda daya daga cikin manyan siffofin, domin sanin wanda ya Lomonosov. Ko da a cikin adulthood Mikhail da yawa daga cikin kimiyya takardunku kishin ƙasarsu, kazalika da halaye na gida yanayi, misali, ban mamaki sabon abu na arewacin fitilu.

samuwar

Lomonosov girma m saurayi, amma a ƙasarsa ta wurin ba guda ma'aikata, inda ya iya samun wani ilimi. Ko da ya koya karatu da rubutu kawai godiya ga kokarin da na gida magatakarda.

A 1730, goma sha tara saurayi gudu daga cikin gidan da kuma tare da cinikayya tafiyar tafi Moscow. Ya bai faɗa wa mahaifinsa da kuma uwar rana ya nufi, kuma ya dogon ĩmãni samarwar. Wannan wani ya Lomonosov (low-haife Pomorie), zai iya hana shi shiga cikin Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy. Don dauki kawai yara daga daraja iyalansu. Amma saurayin fiye da wani abu ya so ya koya. Kuma ya ce, daraja ɗa, har yanzu ya tabbatar da za a shiga a cikin Academy.

Lomonosov ya sauri kafa kansa a matsayin mafi kyau dalibi. Ya aka aiko don ci gaba da ilimi, da farko a Kiev, sa'an nan a St. Petersburg. A wannan lokaci, kawai farkon ta aikin cikin gida Academy of Sciences. Ta zabi mafi kyau dalibai da kuma a bainar jama'a kudi da aka aika da su kasashen waje. Saboda haka sai na buga Lomonosov University of Marburg a Jamus. Akwai ya zama Mai ƙididdigewa Yammacin kimiyya, wanda da dama da suka gabata ya kasance gaba na Rasha. A jihar kokarin samar da ilimi a cikin matasa daular, amma ko da wannan ya yi hayan waje masana. Lokacin da Lomonosov koma kasarsa a 1741, ya aka ƙaddara domin qarfafa a mahaifarsa Yammacin norms dangane da kimiyya.

A Academy of Sciences

Don gane da abin da ya Lomonosov, canja wurin isa wuraren da ya yi aiki a lokacin da ya dade da m ilimi aiki. A cikin 40s da wani matashi sana'a bai bar ofishin Kunstkammer, inda ya aka nutsa cikin zurfin da na halitta kimiyya duniya. Ya samu nasarar fassara Yammacin kimiyya matani daga Latin da Jamusanci a cikin Rasha.

A 1745 wani taron ya faru wanda na dogon lokaci jiran Lomonosov. Professorship ne ya yaba mafarki cikin matasa. Yana aka bayar da shekaru 35 da haihuwa, masanin kimiyyar, domin sabawa rubuce-rubucensu a kan sunadarai a kan batun da kaddarorin karafa. Tare da lakabi na Farfesa Lomonosov ma samu wani Jaruman Nasara. Tun daga nan, ya yi aiki tirelessly a babban birnin kasar ta Academy of Sciences.

dukkanin University

Ga dukan XVIII karni Rasha da babu mafi m masanin kimiyya fiye da Mikhail Lomonosov. Abin da kimiyya sha'awar shi ya fi? Wannan tambaya ba za a iya amsa unequivocally. Lomonosov a daban-daban sau kishin kansa to tarihi, makanikai, sunadarai, kuma mineralogy. Ya kasance m na da kerawa, ciki har da zane da wakoki.

Kamar yadda mai girma masanin kimiyya Lomonosov kasance ko da yaushe kusa da babban iko. Mafi yawansu ba ta aiki zo a zamanin sarautar Elizabeth. Lokacin da shi a 1754 daga Moscow Jami'ar Jihar da aka kafa a kan Lomonosov aikin. Mikhail kamar yadda babu wanda ya fahimci muhimmancin gabatarwa na ilimi a kasar nan.

A shirya daftarin Higher Education Lomonosov taimake shahararren dattaku Ivan Shuvalov. Ya kuma zama na farko da curator na wani muhimmin jami'a. Bayan rasuwar Lomonosov jami'a samu sunansa, wanda ya ya zuwa yanzu.

halittu

Mafi shahara Rasha masanin kimiyyar da aka sani a matsayin masanin kimiyyar yanayin halitta. Su ne mai yawa aiki, marubucin wanda aka mayar da hankali a kan Lomonosov. A likita ya mai taimako ga atomic tsarin al'amari ka'idar. A cikin XVIII karni shi ya ba tukuna aka tabbatar, da kuma ta na da yawa na abokan adawar. Duk da haka, godiya ga dogon lokacin da suka lura da gwaje-gwajen, Lomonosov zo ga ƙarshe cewa kowane abu da aka hada da kwayoyin, wanda ya kira corpuscles.

Mikhail kaunace don nazarin sunadarai da taimakon kimiyyar lissafi da kuma bayyana halitta mamaki da wadannan kimiyyar. A wannan filin Lomonosov gano dokar kiyayewa taro. Ya kuma ya ba na farko kimiyya definition jiki sunadarai. Ba abin mamaki ba, wannan ya yi daidai Lomonosov. A likita ya yi karatu mai babbar tafki na abin da ya sa'an nan yammacin halitta kimiyya wallafe-wallafe. Ya fassara a cikin Rasha a yawan Concepts wanda bai wanzu ba a cikin kasa lexicon.

harshen bincike

Mikhail Lomonosov, da shekaru na rayuwa da ya faru ba a cikin ofishin, amma yafi a Academy of Sciences, da yawa bayyanuwa a jama'a. Ya yi jayayya da abokan adawar, tabbatar da biyayya ga takarda shawara da sauransu. D. Saboda haka, a cikin 50s, Lomonosov sosai tsunduma a rhetoric.

Ya kimiyya hankali sanya kowane tunani yin takarda a matsayin ka'idar. A musamman don me Mikhail rubuta kuma aka buga "A Brief Guide ga rhetoric," To, wane dade rare a cikin jami'o'i.

Rich da hadaddun Rasha harshe ya kasance wani yanki da yake sha'awar a Lomonosov. Field na kimiyya nahawu da aka yi karatu su sosai. Ya aka gaskiya dauke da Rasha harshen rai al'amari da aka kullum canja. Musamman sharply ya bayyana kawai a cikin XVIII karni, a lokacin da Rasha da aka dauke da ya rinjayi Turai da kuma musamman Jamus al'adu.

Hakika, Lomonosov iya tsayawa ba da kai daga wadannan matakai. Ya rubuta da "Rasha nahawu", wanda tashi a cikin daki-daki, duk da sharudda game da yin amfani da Rasha harshe. A wannan lokacin, da m al'adu ba san irin cikakken kuma daidai da karatu a kan wannan topic.

mutuwa

Mikhail Lomonosov, ya rasu Afrilu 15, 1765. A sabili da mutuwar da aka ciwon huhu. Luminary na Rasha kimiyya ne kawai a '53. Riga lokacin da yake rayuwa da sunansa don samun mai kyau suna. Wannan ya tabbatar da cewa jim kadan kafin mutuwarsa, Lomonosov ziyarci Empress Catherine II. Ta kwanan nan ya bayyana a kan kursiyin, amma ko da yaushe ya yaba da ayyukan da masanin kimiyyar, kamar yadda ta kasance a cikin matsananci kafa.

Mutane da yawa jami'o'i a Turai da aka so yi your farfesa wannan hayayyafa bincike, kamar yadda Lomonosov. Mene ne suna da ya samu a Bugu da kari ga wannan? Alal misali, a cikin Bologna kuma Stockholm Academy of Sciences zabe shi da wani girmamawa memba.