Yammaci - ne manazarta, wanda ya kasance ga ci gaba na Rasha

A cikin nazarin zamantakewa da tunani a Rasha ba shi yiwuwa a tafi da 40-ies na karni na 19th, a lokacin da ra'ayin kafa Slavophiles da kuma kasashen yammaci. Jayayyan su kasance ba a kan karni na karshe, kuma har yanzu suna da siyasa muhimmancin, musamman a cikin hasken 'yan abubuwan da suka faru.

A yanayi na karni na 19th

A farkon karni na 19th, Rasha ya kasar da ƙasar mulkin gargajiya yanayin samar, da bambanci zuwa Turai, inda wani tsari na bunqasar na jari hujja bourgeois dangantakar. Saboda haka, ya karu da tattalin arziki ci baya na Rasha Empire, wanda ya ba da lokaci zuwa yin tunãni a kan bukatar sake fasalin. By kuma manyan, suka fara mayar da Bitrus na farko, amma da sakamakon su kasa. A lokaci guda bourgeois dangantakar yi yaƙi da hanya a Turai ta hanyar juyin juya hali, jini da kuma tashin hankali. Inganta gasar, tsananta amfani. Recent facts yi wahayi zuwa gare yawa mambobi ne na kasa zamantakewa da tunani. Akwai quite m muhawara game da makomar raya kasar, da karin cewa garzaya daga daya matsananci da sarakuna a ciki da manufofin zuwa wani. Slavophiles da kuma kasashen yammaci - biyu daura da hanyoyi na Rasha, amma kowa ya kawo shi zuwa ga ci gaba.

A mayar da martani ga motsi Slavophiles

Kusan ƙarni biyu daga cikin manya azuzuwan na Rasha jihar aka kafa poklonnicheskoe hali zuwa Turai da kuma ta nasarori. Rasha aka ƙara sāke, kokarin kama da kasashen turai. A. S. Homyakov farko bayar a kan nuni da jama'a da tunani game da musamman hanya na ci gaba da bayyana - a kan tushen da collectivism, wanda bayyana kanta a yankunan karkara al'umma. Wannan gusar da bukatar zuwa jaddada ci baya da iko, kuma daidai da Turai. Around bayyana theses united gabascin, musamman marubuta. Sun zama da aka sani da Slavophiles. Yammaci - a irin amsar da sama motsi. Wakilai daga Westernism, dangane da ra'ayoyi na Georga Gegelya, ga guda Trend in ci gaban dukkan kasashen duniya.

Ilimin falsafa Harsashen na kasashen yammaci

A ko'ina cikin tarihin ɗan adam tunani busa tambaya shirya kai da Paul Gauguin: "Wãne ne mu ina Don ???". Game da karshe na shi aka kasaftawa maki uku na view. Wasu ce cewa rage bil'adama. Wasu - cewa ne motsi a da'irar, cewa shi ne, a hawan keke. Duk da haka wasu jãyayya da cewa ci gaba. Yammaci - ne gabascin suka rike karshen view. Sun yi imani da cewa tarihi ne m, yana daya vector na ci gaba, tare da Turai gaba da sauran yankuna na duniya da kuma tsare hanya da cewa zai tafi duk sauran al'ummai. Saboda haka, duk ƙasashe, kazalika da Rasha, ya kamata mayar da hankali a kan nasarorin da al'adun Turai, a duk wuraren da jama'a ba tare da togiya.

Da kasashen yammaci Slavophiles

Saboda haka, a cikin 40s na karni na 19th shi da akida adawa "Slavophiles - kasashen yammaci". A tebur gwama manyan ka'idodi na mafi kyau nuna su views on baya da kuma nan gaba na Rasha jihar.

wakilan kasashen yammaci

An muhimmiyar rawa a cikin babban bourgeois sake fasalin 60-70s taka leda kasashen yammaci. Wakilai daga cikin jama'a da tunani ba kawai akida inspirers na jihar canje, amma sũ ne suka kasance da hannu a su ci gaba. Saboda haka, mai aiki zamantakewa matsayi shagaltar Konstantin Kavelin, waɗanda suka rubuta wani "Note a kan saki da manoma." Timofey Granovsky, wani farfesa na tarihi, bayar da shawarar da ci gaba da sake fasalin shar'anta a cikin farkon karni na sha takwas, da haske ga aiki manufofin gwamnati. Kewaye da shi da kuma shiga tare kamar shiryayye mutane, da suka hada da Turgenev, Botkin, M. Katkov, Vernadsky, B. Chicherin. Yammaci ideas su ne tushen mafi m sake fasalin na karni na 19th - bangaren shari'a, wanda aza harsashin ginin da bin doka da oda da kuma} ungiyoyin jama'a.

A rabo daga kasashen Yammaci

Yana yakan faru ne cewa a cikin tsari na ci gaba da zaman motsi ne ta kara fragmentation, watau tsaga. Babu togiya, da kuma kasashen yammaci. Wannan ya shafi musamman mu haskaka da m kungiyoyin shelar wani sauyi hanyar yin canji. Yana hada Belinsky, N. Ogarev, kuma, ba shakka, Alexander Herzen. A wani mataki, yana faru slavophiles haduwa da kuma juyin juya halin Musulunci kasashen yammaci suka yi ĩmãni da cewa noma al'umma na iya zama tushen nan gaba na'urorin al'umma. Amma ba hukunci. A general, da adawa da ra'ayoyi asali hanyar Rasha ta ci gaba har zuwa na musamman rawar da mu wayewa a duniya, da kuma bukatar pro-Western fuskantarwa zauna. A halin yanzu, da raba ne yafi a cikin siyasa Sphere, wanda tsaya daga kasashen yammaci. Wakilai daga cikin motsi a cikin ni'imar hadewa a cikin kungiyar kasashen Turai, ya gani a matsayin hanyar fita daga rushewar wayewa, wanda ya hada duk da haka a cikin tsawon gurguzu yi.