A Amur River - bakin, tushen da aikin gandu. Taƙaitaccen bayanin siffofin da ruwa ya kwarara

Babu wani daga cikin mazauna Far East yankin zai kasance da gardama cewa su main kogin ne Amur. An located a kan hudu wuri tsakanin Rasha koguna, na biyu a tsawon kawai don irin wannan majestic kwarara a matsayin Likitan mata, Yenisei kuma Lena. Bakin Amur River - Tekun Okhotsk.

taƙaitaccen bayanin

Mai ruwa-ruwa da kwarara kafa ta ci daga Arguna da Shilki. A wuri inda shi fãra, to Khabarovsk dauke da iyaka tsakanin kasashen biyu: Rasha da kuma China. Gangaren gado ba fiye da 0,11%. A tushen da kuma bakin kogin Amur mikewa domin 2850 km. Wani lokaci, a matsayin masomin samun daya daga cikin aka gyara na gudãna - shilku, a cikin wannan yanayin ruwa ya kwarara zai kasance da tsawon 4510 km. Duk da haka, wadannan dabi'u bazai gaba ɗaya cikakke, saboda ji tsari ne quite rikitarwa. Basin yankin, ciki har da kogin Kerulen ne miliyan 2 murabba'in mita. km. Ko'ina cikin dukan ruwa ya kwarara za a iya lura da halayyar da bambance-bambance. Alal misali, ta kwarin ne zuwa kashi sassa uku: ƙananan, tsakiya, babba. Kowace daga cikin wadannan sassan yana da wani size da kuma zurfin da tashar nisa, da kuma yanayin da ya kwarara. A tsawo daga bakin Amur River (kazalika da tsawo daga cikin teku) ne 0 m, yayin da tushen - 304 m saman teku matakin.

labarin kasa

All pool ruwa ya kwarara aka located in East Asia. Yana maida hankali ne akan kawai hudu na halitta zones: gandun daji, steppe, steppe, Semi-hamada. Kowace shekara, da dama game da 300 mm na ruwan sama, wannan adadin Ai ga tushen da kuma bakin Amur River. a yankin na Sikhote-Alin, musamman a kudu-maso-gabashin part, wannan adadin ya karu zuwa 750 mm.

A kogin tasa maida hankali ne akan kasashe da dama - Rasha (54%), kasar Sin (44%), Mongolia (1%). Part na Amur River, wanda aka located a Rasha Federation, an rarraba su zuwa Far East yankin Siberia.

hydrology

A Amur River, bakin wanda aka located a birnin Nikolaevsk-on-Amur, an kashi uku:

• Lower. Yana kara a kan 966 km. Yana yana da kasuwanci darajar. Dake kusa da bakin Ussuri River Nikolaevsk-on-Amur. Kwarara gudu a cikin wannan tazara har zuwa 4 km / h, shi zai iya samu nasarar tafiyar da kama kifi, ba kawai ga sirri dalilai, amma kuma sayarwa.
• Average. Na kama rabo daga Zei zuwa Ussury. Domin fiye da 970 km. Coast a cikin yankin da aka densely rufe da ciyayi. The motsi na ruwa a cikin wani rafi da wani talakawan of about 5 km / h. A gado na wannan rata isasshe da fadi da kuma zurfin, wanda na taimaka wa ci gaban shipping.
• Upper. Miƙa zuwa bakin Zeya River da kuma shi ne game da 880 km. Shahararren domin da dama Flora da fauna. Za ka iya sau da yawa hadu wakilan salmonids. Flow Rate - 5 km / h.

Ruwa amfani ga shekara ne 9819 m ³ / s, mafi yawan wadannan Figures hada da amfani a birnin Komsomolsk, inda Amur River gudana. Bakin daya bayar wa yafi - 11 400 m ³ / s.

Kuma musamman siffa daga cikin ruwa-ruwa rafi za a iya ambata cewa ruwa matakin cikinta ne kullum canja saboda ruwa. Kamar yadda mai mulkin, suka dauki kashi fiye da 70% na kwarara. A lokacin rani nufin ruwa matakin na ruwa da aka saukar zuwa 15 m on saman da kuma tsakiyar rabo daga Amur, ƙananan tsawo ya kai rikodin koma bayan tattalin arziki - 8 m, a wasu yankunan da ya kwarara shimfidawa zuwa nesa na 25 km .. Wannan shi ne yafi saboda da hankula sauyin yanayi yanayi, musamman m ruwa sosai. Irin wannan jiha na kogin iya rike game da 2-3 watanni. A wannan lokaci, a bãyan an gina yawa hydro, ambaliyar ruwa ne kasa pronounced, da ruwa matakin ne a kusa da 6 m.

Kare Mahalli

Wannan ruwa-ruwa rafi cutarwa abubuwa Manuniya ne ma high kuma zai iya zama haɗari biyu, zuwa waje duniya, da kuma lafiyar dan adam. A shekarar 2005, wani hatsari ya faru a kasar Sin ma'aikata, saboda abin da aka jefar mai guba da sinadarai a cikin Songhua River. Wannan lamarin yana da mummunan tasiri a kan muhalli jihar na koguna, waxanda suke da aikin gandu na general. A cewar daya daga cikinsu a kan Amur aka kawo fetur, nitrobenzene da sauran abubuwa. Suna da na dogon lokaci wata babbar tabo a kan fuskar ruwaye. Phenol, nitrates da sauran microbiological barbashi - shi ya ƙunshi dukkan Amur River. Estuary, da ruwansu an ƙazantar karfi da isa, shi ne a kan gãɓar rãmi na muhalli bala'i. Domin ci gaba da ruwa a cikin kusanci da Khabarovsk, da dam da aka gina. Wannan zai canza da motsi na da kogin, da kuma aika duk da sinadaran samu zuwa arewa tudu, wanda aka located a Rasha. A shekara daga baya, Dam ne partially dismantled, kamar yadda wani gaggawa bukatar shi bace.

3 shekaru bayan da hadarin ya a shuka a 2008, mazauna jihar bakin teku yankunan, an samu wani mai slick, da adadin abin da ya kai wani talakawan na 2 km. Duk da haka, kamar yadda masana kimiyya kokarin, ta asalin sun ba su iya kafa.

Amur kogin, wanda shi ne mai arziki a bakin aikin gandu, yana da kõguna:

• Zeya - mafi girma a kogin kwari.
• Bureya - arziki adibas na tama da kwal.
• Songhua, ko Songhua yana da tsanani matsalolin muhalli.
• Ussuri River ne mai muhimmanci samar da ruwa.
• Anuy - rarrabe kogi ne cewa shi ya faru rips.
• Amgun arziki sosai a kifi da kuma shi ne mai girma masana'antu muhimmancin.

Kwanan nan, akwai wani ra'ayin cewa shi ne mai tributary na Amur Zeya, kuma ba sabanin haka ba. Ta hanyar hotuna daga sararin samaniya, za mu iya ganin cewa shi ne yafi cika mai ɓuɓɓuga da kuma fadi. Daga wani yanki ra'ayi, shi ne mai ci gaba da Amur River kwarin (neman a cikin shugabanci na "ta Kudu-North"). Duk da haka, m daga bakin shi ne tushen ta hanyar gargajiya Hanyar - ta hanyar Argun, Amur. Saboda haka, da nisa da cikakken-gudãna kogin a kayyade inflows an rubuta infrequently.