A kwayoyin duniya na Arctic Ocean (takaice)

Rayayyun kwayoyin halitta da cewa rayuwa a cikin Arctic, suna fafitikar. Very sanyi sauyin yanayi, har abada kankara, snow da iyakacin duniya dare for 5-6 watanni shekara - babban fasali na matsananci yanayi a iyakacin duniya da kuma sub-Arctic yankin. A kwayoyin duniya na Arctic Ocean aka kafa a wadannan wuya yanayi. A da yawa hanyoyi da high-latitud kunsa daban-daban daga cikin temperate da kuma wurare masu zafi da yankuna na duniya Ocean (IO). Haskaka da takaicce bayyana wadannan siffofin.

Harsh yanayi a cikin Arctic

Snow da kuma sanyi fi sama da Arctic Circle, Organic duniya adapts wadannan siffofin na hali. A gagarumin rabo daga Arctic yankin na duniya sun shagaltar da ruwan sanyi sarari, ƙuƙuntacce zuwa kankara. A kasashe daban-daban a cikin shakka daga cikin wadannan wuri sunayen: Arctic, iyakacin duniya, ko da Arctic Ocean. Summer a high latitudes takaice da kuma sanyi, hunturu ne tsawo da kuma tsanani. Yanayi da dama kamar dusar ƙanƙara, da total number ne kananan - kawai game da 200 ml.

A kwayoyin duniya na Arctic Ocean - shi ne talikan da cewa zauna kasa, da tekun da yawa tsibiran Arctic tekuna. Dabbobin da yawa, kuma wasu kananan shuke-shuke saba da low yanayin zafi a kan dusar ƙanƙara da kankara. Ta yaya ne wadannan Hardy mazaunan haka m? Asa? Birds da kuma dabbobi masu shayarwa da cewa rayuwa a high latitudes, yawanci fararen.

A kwayoyin duniya na Arctic Ocean (takaice)

Duk da bambancin da rayuwa a kasa nuna wa benthos. Wannan algae, mollusks, coelenterates, a haɗe zuwa substrate na shiryayye, kuma nahiyar gangara, rarrafe crustaceans. Algae mamaye kelp da fucus. Flowering shuka eelgrass aka samu a cikin White Sea. Benthic dabbobi suna da yafi alaka kwaro (tsutsotsi, Sponges, teku anemones da taurari, clams, crabs). Sun iya yin tsayayya da rigors na sanyi da duhu acan karkashin ruwa.

Na kusan 200 jinsunan phytoplankton, mafi alaka diatoms.
Sparse Flora a bakin teku da kuma da yawa archipelagos wakilta gymnosperms, flowering shuke-shuke da lichens. Abinci sarƙoƙi hada zooplankton, marine kwaro, kifi, da tsuntsaye, dabbobi masu shayarwa. A karshe kungiyoyin biyu zauna da tekun da tsibiran, wa kansu abinci mafi sau da yawa samu a cikin ruwa shi ne free daga kankara. Domin duniyar tsuntsaye a cikin Arctic ne halin da jinsunan richness, kuma m "rookeries" sarrafa kwayoyin duniya na Arctic Ocean.

List of dabbobi a cikin Arctic

Kwaro: jellyfish Cyan, Ophiuroidea "Gorgon ta kai", clams da crustaceans.
Greenland Shark tsaye kuma daga cikin manyan girman kifi. Sauran wakilan da kifi fauna: kifi, herring, cod, perch, flatfish (ciki har da Paltusova). Tsuntsaye: ptarmigan, guillemot, ake yin dusar ƙanƙara da mujiya, terns, m mikiya.

dabbobi masu shayarwa:

• toothed Whales (beluga Whale, narwhal).
• like (molo, sofane, ringed hatimi, Hooded like).
• walruses
• fari ko na iyakacin duniya bear.
• reindeer (caribou)
• Arctic kerkẽci.
• Musk sa.
• Arctic hare;
• lemming.

Adaptations na shuke-shuke, da dabbobi a cikin Arctic

A kwayoyin duniya na Arctic Ocean a kan wani iri-iri na phytoplankton kusan kamar yadda arewacin yankunan da Atlantic da Pacific. Sha'awa, wasu microscopic algae riƙe da ikon photosynthesize ko da a kan kankara. A sakamakon haka, wani farin surface an rufe tare da greenish-kasa-kasa film, da kuma kankara narke sauri. Moderately ruwan sanyi arziki a narkar da oxygen, da nitrogen, idan ragewan wani nauyi babba Layer zurfin sunã tãkãwa zama dole micronutrients don phytoplankton. Wadannan siffofin samar da kyakkyawan yanayi ga m cin gaban microscopic kwayoyin.

A irin alama, alama ce wadda gane kwayoyin duniya na Arctic Ocean - na iyakacin duniya bear. Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin mafi girma a terrestrial da yara. Adult namiji jiki ya kai wani tsawon 2-3 mita. Yana ciyarwa, yafi a like, kifi. White Bear Arctic da kuma sauran dabbobi suna da ikon rage metabolism a low yanayin zafi. Suna girma sannu a hankali, amma za a iya isa babban girma dabam da kuma tsofaffi. Alal misali, a wurare masu zafi teku urchin wuya zaune shekaru 10, a iyakacin duniya jinsunan iya zama fiye da shekaru 60 da.

Yanayin damina kadan softer a tekuna na Turai na da Arctic, don haka da Flora da fauna ne aukaka. A mafi populated ne m nahiyar shiryayye. Amma a kan dukan shuka da kwayoyin duniya ne matalauta a jinsin. Daga cikin manyan dalilan - matsananci yanayin damina, rashin hasken rana da kuma zafin rana da na shuke-shuke, da rashin abinci ga dabbobi.

Takaitacciyar Arctic Ocean

The mafi ƙasƙanci da coldest na duniya teku bautarka kawai 4% na yawan yankin. A Arctic Ocean ta'allaka kusan a cibiyar na Arctic. Iyakar yanki ne mai matukar layi - Arctic Circle (66 ° layi daya da w ..). A Arctic hada da ba wai kawai ruwan sarari, amma kuma tsibirin, da bakin tekun na nahiyoyi. Kõguna na Arctic Ocean - daya daga cikin mafi cikakken-gudãna a duniya. Ƙarƙashinsu a cikin Arctic tekuna: da Yenisey, Lena, Likitan mata, Pechora, Yana, Kolyma, Indigirka. Kunci Bering mashigar raba da iyakacin duniya ruwan Pacific. A iyakar da Atlantic gudanar ta hanyar da Scandinavian Larabawa da kuma kudu na Greenland. A cikin ƙasa na Arctic ne a arewacin yankin da take iyakacin duniya.