Darwin Reserve: Mulkin peat tsibiran

Muciya reserves - wani musamman zaba kare yankunan tsara don adana da na halitta kai-gudãnar halitta tsarin. Nature a cikin wadannan yankunan yawanci untouched, "daji" ko dan kadan bata ne da mutum aiki. Muciya reserves a Rasha, kazalika da dukan sauran iri kare yankunan, cikakken fassara bayan wani tattalin arziki da aiki. Wadannan kungiyoyi aiki a cikin tsarin na Duniya Shirin, tsara domin ya nuna mafi kyau duka dangantaka tsakanin mutum da yanayi.

Daga cikin Rasha biosphere kariya zone taka muhimmiyar rawa Darwin Reserve. A tarihin na halitta da kuma ci gaban nuna damuwa ga Reserve, wanda ya nuna jihar.

A 1941, a jamsin na uku yankuna - Yaroslavl, Tver da Vologda - shi aka gina da Rybinsk tafki. The Great Patriotic War ba a yarda ya fara nan da nan nazarin da tasiri a kan sauyin yanayi. Amma nan da nan bayan, a lokacin rani na shekara ta 1945, kai tsaye ya saka idanu canje-canje a cikin yanayi a ƙarƙashin rinjayar da tafki, Darwin Reserve da aka kafa.

Yau, da wannan kare yankin maida hankali ne akan 112.000 ha, kawai rabin wanda faruwa a cikin ƙasa, da sauran shagaltar da ga ~ ar ruwan.

Winter na 2002 Darwin ajiye kunshe a cikin kasa da kasa jerin muhimmanci biosphere reserves.

Yankin na ajiye - shi ne mafi yawa filayen kwari a kan tudu na Rybinsk Sea, intermittent dunes da elongated, m, kamar yadda idan matafã ba a cikin nesa tuddai: burbushi na wani prehistoric gleiser. A swale nadiri lake, da most of wanda aka dauke Morotskoe rike game da 700 kadada.

Darwin ajiye ne na ƙwarai domin ta temperate nahiyar sauyin yanayi. Yana da matukar kyau a lokacin rani, lokacin da talakawan zafin jiki ne + 18 °, ba sanyi sosai a cikin hunturu, saboda sanyi fiye da -10 ° ne rare.

A ƙasa na biosphere ajiye ne m domin ta marshy gandun daji da kuma swamps, ya haifar a kan 17,000 da suka wuce. Masana kimiyya sun gano cewa wadannan kafa swamps kuma ko da a cikin Late post-glacial lokaci.

Yau, shekara-shekara gida da kuma irin a kare yankin na fiye da 15 jinsin rare tsuntsaye, ya dade a kunshe a cikin Red Littãfi. Evidence na tasiri aiki na ajiye sun zama kusan dadaddun a Rasha whooper Swans, wanda wasu lokaci da suka wuce fara zuwa gida da kuma irin a cikin ƙasa na ajiyar. Bugu da kari a gare su a cikin ajiye sa na nesting baki takaddamarsu, capercaillie, da kuma yawan yawa na tsuntsaye masu cin nama ya fi ko ina kuma a duniya.

Akwai kuma shuke-shuke da aka jera a cikin Red Littãfi. Paltsekornik Traunshteynera, sifila real, epipogium leafless da kuma wasu sauran jinsunan bunƙasa a kare zone. Babban ciyayi - Pine gandun daji. Duk da haka, da m ruwa samun dumi a lokacin rani, don haka akwai girma mai yawa daban-daban ganye da kuma shrubs. Hornwort, sparganium, pondweed kuma haka m ajiye berries: cloudberry, Cranberry, blueberry.

Domin yawon bude ido a kan periphery na yankin shirya yawon shakatawa. Duk da yake tafiya a kan shi zai iya daga nesa don ganin tashi squirrels, daji Boars, Foxes, da kuma wani lokacin ruwan kasa bears. Duk da haka, irin wa annan tarurruka ne quite m: dabbobi ji a gida da kuma ba na son da baƙi.

The ajiye da aka shirya Museum of Nature. A da shi - arziki tarin "Rasha" da malam, duniya ta farko farm capercaillie.

Amma watakila mafi musamman na tsibirin ne peat ajiye. Bayan bude daga cikin Rybinsk tafki peat bogs aka flooded. Domin shekaru masu yawa, da peat guda taso kan ruwa zuwa ga surface kuma drifted har suka ba tsaya bushes ko wasu cikas. A tsawon lokaci, wadannan peat tsibiran ciyayi akwai, da kuma ko da a yau akwai itatuwa.

2000 Darwin ajiye kunshe a cikin World Muciya Reserve System.