A kyaftin na "Titanic" John Edward Smith. Biography of a tarihi adadi

Kyaftin Edward Dzhon Smit - wani matsanancin mutum, wanda sunansa ne aka har abada rubũtacce a cikin tarihi saboda da hannu a cikin mafi manyan-sikelin bala'i a cikin ruwa.

Shimfiɗar jariri, da kuma Family

Edward Smith, biography cewa zai fara da haihuwa na ashirin da bakwai na Janairu daya dubu ɗari takwas da hamsin, matukar shahara.

Yaron da aka a cikin iyali Edvarda Smita, kuma Ketrin Henkok (Marsh) a cikin karamin gari na Hanley, a Staffordshire, United Kingdom.

Dzhon Edvard ya dan wani maginin tukwane. Baba ya shuka soyayya ga aikinsa, amma dansa yana sha'awar tafiya, da teku, da m kasashen. Macen ta kasance mai kyau banki, amma ofishin daga baya ya zaɓi ya bude nasu kantin sayar da kayayyakin.

Early aiki

A cikin shekaru goma sha biyu shekara, Titanic Captain Edward Smith rasa mahaifinsa, wanda ya mutu da tarin fuka. Yaron ya bar makaranta da kuma samun wata ma'aikata a Stoke-on-Trent, inda matasa, amma da wuya ma'aikacin ɗõra wa manajan wani tururi guduma. Amma wannan aikin bai kawo yaron so da yardarSa. Ya mafarkin na cikin teku da kuma tafiya.

A sha bakwai, rabo kawo shi zuwa Liverpool, inda ya ke har abada nasaba da ransa tare da jiragen ruwa da kuma teku.

Bayan shekara biyu da horo Dzhon Edvard ya iya samun farko da aiki a wani jirgin ruwa sailing "Sanata Weber," a cikin kamfanin, wanda ya} ware a cikin kai na kaya. Tunkuɗa su saurayin bai yi ƙyãmar wani aiki. Ya sauri koma sama da aiki tsani, da kuma shekaru hudu daga baya ya samu dama rike ofishin mate.

A dubu ɗari takwas da saba'in da shida a shekara ashirin da shida da Dzhon Edvard jagoranci ta farko jirgin - "Lizzie Fennell." Fiye da shekaru uku da ya rufe daruruwan dubbai na teku mil, shari kaya tsakanin United States of America, Canada da kuma Birtaniya.

babban canje-canje

A goma sha takwas da ɗari da eightieth shekara haihuwa kyaftin ta mafarki gaskiya - ya ya iya shiga sahu daga cikin mafi girma da kuma mafi m shipping kamfanin a lokacin - "White Star Line".

A jinkirta shi ne cewa kamfani wuya bauta wa harkokin sufuri na kaya. Kamfanin na babban aikin da aka motsi da fasinjoji.

Saboda gaskiya cewa fasinja da kaya tasoshin daban-daban handling riga gudanar da kyaftin ya fara aiki a sake daga kasa.

Mun gode wa aiki da kuma juriya, shekara bakwai daga baya, ya sake dauki kwalkwali a babban gada.

A m shekaru, Dzhon Edvard mulki ta hanyar irin wannan tasoshin kamar "Ripablik", "Baltic", "Koptik", "Adriatic", "Germanicus," "runes" da sauransu.

Goma sha takwas da ɗari casa'in da biyu shekara kyaftin ɗõra wa manajan da most steamship kamfanin - "Mabuwãyi". Tun wannan lokacin, Edward Smith da aka za a samu kawai a kan babbar jiragen ruwa.

The masu sauraro da jin dadin jirãge wannan aji sabis, yana da fiye da m. Dzhona Edvarda da aka wa lakabi da "Captain miliyoyi."

soja sabis

A halin da ake ciki shi ne siga a duniya. Goma sha takwas da ɗari da tamanin da takwas, da kyaftin an rubuta su a ajiye sojan ruwa sojojin na Burtaniya.

Saka hannu cikin aiki fama, bai yarda. Duk da haka, Edward ya yi da dama tafiye-tafiye zuwa safarar sojoji zuwa gaba na Afirka ta Kudu, wanda bakuncin Anglo-Boer War.

A shekara ta huɗu ta goma sha tara da aka bai kyaftin wani jami'in soja ta daraja na "Commodore".

domesticity

Daya dubu ɗari takwas da tamanin da bakwai, shekarar da aka alama ga Dzhona Edvarda ne ba kawai nasara a sabis filin. Goma sha biyu na Yuli ya aure Sarah Elianor Pennington. Riga na biyu Afrilu shekara ta gaba, su matasa iyali bikin cikar - sunã da wata 'yar wanda aka mai suna Helen.

Rayuwar iyali ne kyaftin da aka gudanar a babban, fili gidan, gina na ja bulo a unguwar waje na Southampton.

Last jirgin

Ta goma sha tara Afrilu ɗari da goma sha biyu shekara na Sautgemptora tashar jiragen ruwa da aka saki a cikin jirgin mafi m aikin na farkon karni na ashirin, shi amazes tare da Sikeli, ko da wani bayan shekara ɗari - matsananci-zamani jirgin, wanda aka mai suna "Titanic." A jirgin da aka gina domin shekaru uku a masana'antar ƙera jiragen ruwa a Belfast.

Daftarin "Titanic" ya 52.310 ton, bugun har zuwa ashirin da uku nodes haraktirozoval ta karfe ƙwanso, engine ikon hamsin da biyar dubu horsepower, dubu ɗaya da ɗari uku da goma sha bakwai da fasinjoji a jirgin. Kuma wannan gini da aka nada don gudanar da sanannen kyaftin.

"Edward Smith! Titanic kai shi! "- game da waɗancan ne Adadin labarai na Birtaniya jaridu, sadaukar da almara jirgin.

A shafi aka dauke unsinkable. Design injiniyoyi sun m cewa compartments an gina wata watertight bulkhead zai taimaka wa jirgin yin tsayayya da wani bala'i.

Domin Dzhona Smita ya kamata su zama na karshe jirgin ya aiki, bayan da ya ya kamata ya tafi a kan wani da suka cancanta ritaya.

bala'i

Bisa ga hukuma version, a kan dare na goma sha huɗu ga goma sha biyu shekara dubu tara ne shafi karo da wani dutsen kankara a kan Afrilu 15, ya samu m ramukan. A jirgin da sauri ya fara nutse, kuma sa'o'i uku daga baya, ya karshe ya tafi da kasa.

A daidai yawan wadanda ke fama - daya dubu ɗari huɗu da tasa'in da shida da mutane. The tsira - ɗari bakwai da goma sha biyu.

Last minti kyaftin

A mafi asali version - jami'in da aka harbe. Alamomi tsira tawagar 'yan saba. Wasu da'awar zuwa gani na karshe Dzhona Smita a kan gada. Sauran su ne hakikance cewa, ya kasance daga cikin sauran mutane a cikin ruwa. Wani ko da kokarin taimaka wa kyaftin zuwa hawa a cikin jirgin ruwan, amma wadannan yunkurin kasance m.

Dzhona Smita jiki da aka samu. Da rai da har abada bar tare da teku.

Kyaftin ta iyali bayan da bala'i

Wife Sarah ta rayu for goma sha tara bayan shekara da mutuwar mijinta. A shekarar 1931, ta rasu a hatsarin mota a birnin London, inda ta koma baya.

Helen 'yar rayu wani aiki da kuma ban sha'awa rayuwa - ta kasance an kasuwa, mai tseren mota da direba.

Ta bi da riba duk labarai alaka da "Titanic". Yana nuna cewa shi ya sha nanata ziyarci da sa da kuma sosai a hankali duba a hankali zuwa ga actor wanda ke taka mahaifinta.