A mafi kyau iri na masara: photos, bayanin

Ga mafi girma masara - daya daga cikin fi so abinci na kusan kowane mutum, wani irin dadi tunanin daga yara, musamman kara a farkon lokacin zafi na bana. Popular shuka, wani da 'yan qasar Amurka, a zamanin da, an horar da ta d ¯ Mayans kuma Aztecs.

Masara - siriri sarauniya filayen

A wani masana'antu sikelin, wannan amfanin gona da aka girma da yafi ga fodder dalilai, duk da haka ya cancanci samu ta alkuki da yawa a cikin gida da kuma gonar mãkirci inda masara iri suna gabatar a duk da bambancin. Kuma gida girma muhimmanci "civilize" da tsayi da kyau, ya tauye shi da ikon na kai-seeding da girma a cikin tsohon, daji jihar. Yanzu wannan amfanin gona ne monoecious, yana raba inflorescences da giciye-pollinated. Wasu lambu amfani wucin gadi doopylenie - domin wannan su yaga spikelets a saman kara (namiji furanni), kuma girgiza su a kan kunnuwansa na flowering (furanni da mace irin).

Description da waje halaye

A tushen tsarin na kusan kowane irin masara mai qarfi da ke karkashin kasa zuwa zurfin game da mita 1.5. Ba zato ba tsammani, da samuwar a kan tushe ƙarin (reference) Tushen, haddasa wata tighter nauyin shuke-shuke a cikin ƙasa da kuma inganta mafi kyau duka sha da kuma riƙe ruwa da kuma ma'adinai abubuwa.

Mai tushe kafa shuke-shuke iya isa 6 ƙafãfunsu high (dangane da iri-iri na masara). Male inflorescences suna located a saman da kara a wata panicle, da kuma mace a ɓõye, a cikin axils na ganye. The nauyi na wannan hadadden karu wanda shi ne corncobs, shi ne daga 35 zuwa 500 grams.

All data kasance iri na masara hatsi tsarin da kuma shugabanci na amfani kasu kashi da dama na asali iri. Kasa ne babban wadanda bangaranci iri.

Irin masara mai zaki

Masara mai zaki - mafi mashahuri da kuma fi so, musamman a lokacin da Milky-kakin zuma ripeness. m sashi a da yawa salads, shi ne tushen da jam'i na bred high-samar da gwaggwabar riba hybrids. Bayan kai cikakken balaga masara accumulates wani gagarumin adadin sugars. A surface hatsi wrinkled, suka bangaranci - vitreous. Sweetcorn da aka samu nasarar yi amfani da canning masana'antu.

Mafi nemi bayan da kuma rare irin masara mai zaki - mai Nectar Ice, Early Gold 401, Ruhu, Gourmand 121, Dobrynya, Sundance.

spiritist

Shi ne wani sabon matasan da kuma wani shahararren wakilin iri-iri na masara mai zaki. dace da kusan duk yankuna na Rasha. Halin hatsi haske rawaya launi, suna tattara a COB size zuwa 20 cm. Ku ɗanɗani taushi dadi (saboda da high sugar abun ciki a cikin kõwace zangarniya akwai ƙwãya), da ɓangaren litattafan almara ne isasshe m. A shuka yana da 2-mita tsawo. A lokacin da girma seedlings na irin iri da kuma dasa a bude ƙasa a cikin marigayi May masara Ruhu zai yaba high quality-girbi bayan 2 watanni.

Dobrynya

Hybrid, halin da farkon ripening. Dasa ne da za'ayi a watan Mayu, bayan 70 days yana yiwuwa ya tattara cikakke kunnuwa. Yana yana da wani zaki da dandano da m size of kunnuwa. Shuka tsawo ne kamar 170 cm, da samuwar kunnuwa ke faruwa, fara daga tsawo na 70 cm. Excellent domin cin abinci sabo, misãlin, canning. Ya ke tsiro a kan wani ƙasa, kuma yana da kyau jure cutar.

Gourmand 121

A iri-iri ne halin high da ake samu da kuma jure cututtuka daban-daban. A tsirin lokaci ne 70-75 kwanaki. Shuka tsawo - mita 1.5. COB Length -. 20 cm cobs kiwo lokaci balaga iri Gourmand 121 dadi Boiled, kuma amfani da daskarewa da kuma canning.

Ice nectar

Late-sa, halin da kyau kwarai palatability da kyau yawan amfanin ƙasa. Daga cikin wasu ne mafi dadi. Masara COB iya isa tsawo na 22 cm, wanda wata alama ce na gagarumin size.

Sundance

Yana da dan kadan elongated rawaya hatsi ne m for canning da kuma sabo amfani. A kowane daji, low a tsawo, shi ne kafa ta biyu kunne tsawon 20 cm, diamita 5 cm. Wannan iri-iri da aka shuka a marigayi May ore kan 70-95 kwanaki.

Farkon Gold 401

Wannan sa ne undersized, ciyayi lokaci - game da kwanaki 90. High jure cututtuka. Average jure fari. COB nauyi - 190 grams. Masara rawaya da kyau dandano halaye.

Lan wasa masara: description da kuma sa

Yana halin da manyan cobs, karfi da mai tushe, high amfanin ƙasa, kuma mai kyau yawan amfanin ƙasa na silage. A Amirka, wannan asali da irin masara girma a masana'antu sikelin da ake amfani a abincin dabbobi don wannan manufa. Its hatsi da aka dimbin yawa kamar hakori, kuma a saman da sako wanda aka kafa a lokacin maturation. Shuke-shuke yawanci ba daji hatsi dauke da har zuwa 75% sitaci da ake amfani da barasa samarwa, gari da kuma grits.

Shahararren wakilan hakori-kamar masara iri ne Odessa 10 da Stirling.

Odessa 10

Late-iri-iri, wanda ya bada muhimmiyar yawan amfanin ƙasa na kore taro da kuma low - hatsi. Mafi sau da yawa aka girma ga silage.

Sterling

Middle-high-samar da gwaggwabar riba iri saki a kusan dukkanin yankunan da namo na masara.

Flint masara: faye hali na iri

Hatsi yana da wani iko da m (ba tare da cavities, saman zagaye) fari ko yellow, wanda ya kunshi kusan gaba ɗaya daga cikin sitaci. Wannan ra'ayi hidima a matsayin tushen ga samar da masara flakes da sandunansu, kuma shi ne ya fi kowa a duniya. Cross-kiwo na subspecies lan wasa masara ya haddasa poluzubovidnoy masara.

Mafi na kowa ne masara iri kamar da 80 Voronezh, Voronezh 76 Severodakotskaya.

Voronezh 80

Farkon matasan, ripening wanda daukan 70 days. Mai daraja ga saukin tabbatarwa da kuma high sugar content. Girma cobs - daga 20 zuwa 25 cm shuka tsawo -. 170 cm da aka yi amfani da canning. Tsaba ba za a iya amfani da shi don gaba shekara ta amfanin gona. Raba mukamin a Sakhalin yankin da kuma arewacin yankunan na Siberia.

Voronezh 76

Ripening iri. Ta bushe a kusan dukkan yankuna na Central Black Duniya band.

Severodakotskaya

Medium farkon iri-iri. Lands a kudanci da kuma kudu-maso-gabashin yankuna na Rasha.

Popcorn: popkornovy sa

By waje siffofin bayanin masara irin da irin wannan shi ne irin wannan: hatsi santsi da kuma m, yayin da dumama fashe. Yana da wannan irin zama tushen fitowan da ƙaunataccen popcorn. Shuka halin da kyau tillering, babban adadin cops, da manyan yawan ganye. A mafi kyau iri na masara domin popcorn - mai aman wuta, Oerlikon, 925 Dnieper.

Vulcan

Halin da kyau kwarai palatability da toasted hatsi high yawan karuwa. Iri-iri na masara domin popcorn ne tsakiyar fari-resistant, high-yawan amfanin ƙasa, shuka tsawo - har zuwa 220 cm tsawon na COB - .. About 22 cm da aka girma a cikin gandun daji steppe da steppe yankuna.

Oerlikon

Medium farkon iri-iri, shi ne halin da kyau kwarai dandano da m ƙanshi. Ana amfani da a yi popcorn, masara flakes , da sandunansu.

Sauran iri na masara

• Waxy masara. Tsaba iri na subspecies ne halin da santsi da kuma Matte fata. A gicciye-bangaranci hatsi tsarin kama da kakin zuma. Wannan irin, varietal bambancin yana da quite iyaka, shi ne Popular a kasar Sin.
• Starchy masara. Daya daga cikin tsofaffin a duniya. The fi na kowa a kudancin Amirka ta Arewa da kuma Kudancin Amirka. Masara iri (photo shuke-shuke sau da yawa za a gani a da yawa musamman albarkatun) ne halin da marigayi ripening. Tsire-tsire na matsakaici tsawo, da yawa ganye, matsakaici da kuma karfi tillering. Hatsi taso keya, maras ban sha'awa, da santsi, yana da wani convex saman. A sitaci abun ciki - har zuwa 80%.
• Hulled masara. A masana'antu, irin wannan ba a yi amfani da dangane da aiki rikitaccen, saboda mutum wrappers rufe ba kawai kunne, amma kowane hatsi.
• Ostrozernaya (nosed) masara. Babu musamman darajar, sabili da haka ba mai tartsatsi ne.

Gaye sabon abu - Hopi masara

Wannan sa masara daban-daban daga wasu kuma na da dandano - m, m baki-m wake, ya sa ta hanyar kasancewar wani musamman enzyme. Yana an girma, yafi a kudu maso yammacin Amurka da arewacin Mexico. A dandano - zaki da kuma m, tare da pronounced nutty dandano. Wannan iri-iri da aka samu a cikin Hopi India kabilu cewa kafa tushen da sunansa. Za mu iya ɗauka cewa wannan shi ne wani sosai tsoho shuka iri, wanda aka ƙwace daga duk da saba haske rawaya ko orange masara. Irin wannan "m" sa ciwon jam'i na daban-daban launi iri dauki cancantar alkuki a kasuwannin da kuma yadu a yi amfani da kayan shafawa, da kuma cakuda da ita a cikin yi da masara da kwakwalwan kwamfuta, blue. A kan tushen da blue hatsi shirya zafi sha "Chicha Purple". Hopi Masara yana da yawa iri, da launi da kewayon wanda quite m: daga haske launin toka zuwa kusan baki. A daya kunne za a iya hada dama launuka, yin irin wannan ado masara.

Fodder masara iri

By m masara iri, da manufar wanda aka girma a samun gagarumin yawa na silage domin ciyar da dabbobi, hada da irin iri kamar yadda Kuban ripening matasan, Aurica, Viola, Saratov sugar, Golden ulun, Pearl. Masara fodder, wanda maki an halin da babban mataki na foliage, ana amfani ga ingancin hatsi.

dasa dokoki

Masara da kyawawa don shuka a full rana. shi picky da ƙasa selection, amma har yanzu fi son haske da kuma da-warmed duniya. Precursors na tsayi amfanin gona da za su iya zama legumes, hunturu amfanin gona, jere amfanin gona da kuma spring alkama. Har ila yau, shi za a iya dasa bayan da tumatir, tushen kayan lambu da kuma melons.

Babban rawa da mai arziki da kuma high quality amfanin gona kwaikwaiyo da ƙasa haihuwa, duk da haka dole ake bukata don gudanar da miya (kwayoyin ko ma'adinai). A cikin kaka digging a cikin ƙasa, za ka iya ƙara rotted taki da kuma phosphorus-potassium taki. Spring rabo a baya baje kafin dasa rake (cire waje kwasfa lumps da rashin lafiya na duniya).

Dasa na masara ya kamata a yi da ƙasa, warmed zuwa 12 ^{° C,} da shi ya auku a kusa da karshen watan Afrilu. Tsaba aka rufe a kan zuwa zurfin game 7 cm rana kafin dasa, domin game da wani rana, shi ne shawarar yin. Nitrogenous taki (da 10 m ² - 200 grams) da kuma proryhlit ƙasa zuwa zurfin 10 cm.

Hanzari iri germination ne mai yiwuwa a samar da su presoaking a dumi ruwa. Don yin wannan, su ya kamata a sanya a cikin wani gauze jakar, wanda shi ne ranar ranar 4 ga sa a wata rana wuri, sa'an nan sanya shi a cikin wani bayani da potassium permanganate na minti 20. Sa'an nan, da tsaba ya kamata a wanke, sanya a cikin wani akwati da kuma sanya a cikin wani wurin dumi. Bayan 3-4 kwanaki, zai zama akwai kananan Tushen, shi ne to da cewa tsaba za a iya dasa a bude ƙasa. A cikin filin, da farko harbe za su murna game da 12th rana.

Mutane da yawa mai son lambu don a samar da amfanin gona shuka a cikin wani gajeren lokaci shirya seedlings na masara, wanda shekaru a saukowa ne yawanci 30 days.

Amfanin na bukatar masara shuka a cikin safu, da nisa tsakanin layuka ne 60 cm tsakanin shuke-shuke -. 40 cm tsaba suna dasa a zurfin 3-4 cm rami a rijiyar shayar. Kunno kai seedlings, wanda zai iya da yawa (as a cikin rami ta'allaka 'yan tsaba ga manufar da tabbacin germination), ya kamata zama da ƙarfi a shuka daga wasu bukatar rabu da.

Lokacin da dasa masara , za ka iya amfani da pipelining hanya, wato, shuke-shuke da daban-daban ripening sau dasa a kan jinkiri na kwanaki 15. Wannan zai tabbatar da ci gaba da girbi duk lokacin rani dogon.

barbarar shuke-shuke

Barbarar masara kamata a da za'ayi a gaban shuka yana shida ganye. A wannan lokacin za ka iya yin takin, humus, mullein, kaza taki. Bugu da kari ga kwayoyin hanya gabatar a cikin ruwa nau'i ammonium nitrate, superphosphate da potash takin.

Rashin bukata shuka micronutrients za a iya gano ta hanyar bayyanar masara. Lokacin da stunting da ganye a bayyane pallor nitrogen karancin; Idan a farkon matakai na shuka ci gaba lura da jinkirin girma, da kuma gefuna da ganye zama purple - don haka al'ada bai isa ba phosphorus. Mahaukaci corrugated zanen gado da kuma canza su launi (daga kodadde zuwa duhu launin ruwan kasa) nuna potassium rashi.

kula Features

Bayan dasa, yayin da girma da masara jinkirin, bukata hannu loosening kuma weeding (kamar sau 3 a lokacin da girma kakar) ga oxygen enrichment na kasar gona da kuma kau da kai ƙasar murfin. M masara girma yana farawa bayan bayyanar takwas takardar. a cikin wannan lokaci, kullum riba iya zama 5-6 cm A samuwar gefen harbe a masara -. laterals - karshe da za a yanka a takaice don haka ba su tsoma baki tare da cin gaban matasa cobs da shuka girma. A dalilan samuwar undesired gefen harbe iya zama wani low zafin jiki a farkon matakai na ciyayi, gabatarwar matsanancin yawa na takin zamani da sparse shuka.

Watering masara wanda ba safai ba ne, kuma yalwatacce (ruwa dole ne shiga zuwa zurfin 10-15 cm), ake bukata don gudanar da wani a lokacin maturation alamomin kuma matasa cobs.