A tsarin da sociological ilimi

A tsarin da sociological ilmi ne m da marubuta daban-daban a cikin hanyoyi daban-daban. Saboda haka, daban-daban fuskanci aka nuna a cikin ayyukan Comte, Osipova, Sorokin, Durkheim da sauransu.

Alal misali, Sorokin category janar koyarwar gabatar a cikin hanyar definition ko wani zaman sabon abu daga cikin jama'a, da bayanin da manyan halaye, da bincike na da hulda tsari. A tsarin da sociological ilimi, a cikin ra'ayi, kuma ya hada bayanin na zamani msar tambayar kwatance da kuma koyarwar ilimin halayyar zaman jama'a hanyoyin.

A tsarin Sorokin kuma ware fitar a matsayin wani bangare ne na jama'a da manufofin, halittar jini da makanikai.

Social makanikai ya kira nazarin alamu, wanda aka bayyana a zaman jama'a mamaki.

Social halittar jini ne da nazarin da asalin da kuma ci gaba na biyu da al'umma da kuma hukumominta: iyali, ko na harshe, ko na addini, art, dokar, tattalin arziki da kuma sauransu. Bugu da kari, wannan bangaren da aka binciko babban tarihi yayi da cewa fito fili a cikin shakka daga tarihi a ci gaban al'umma da kuma hukumominta.

Jama'a siyasa ne wata sanarwa daga cikin hanyoyin da, wani nuni da hanyoyi da kuma hanyar da yana yiwuwa da kuma ma wajibi don inganta rayuwar al'umma.

Sanannun Rasha sociologist Osipova, tsarin sociological ilimi da aka gabatar da ɗan daban. A musamman, shi ya hada gwiwar da nazarin zaman jama'a. Recent wakiltar dabaru, hanyoyin, statistics, da kuma lissafi. A tsarin ma ya hada da reshe na ilimin halayyar zaman jama'a, zamantakewa tafiyar matakai.

Wani sanannun Rasha sociologist poisons da aka bayyana a cikin rubuce-rubucen wani dan kadan daban-daban view. Saboda haka, sociological ilimi tsarin, wanda da shawarar cewa shi ne mafi kusantar da kuma zartar da m sociological matsaloli.

Saboda haka, poisons ware fitar da janar ra'ayi, da musamman ka'idar amfani da shugabanci, ciki har da fasahar da kuma hanya da binciken.

Janar ilimin halayyar zaman jama'a, bisa ga poisons cibiyoyin a kan jama'a Sphere binciken da sabon abu ko tsari in general kuma yin amfani da ilimin da suka samu a yi. Aikace-aikace yanki ya ƙware a cikin binciken na musamman, mutum jam'iyyun. Technology da dabara ne mai nazari da kuma yin amfani da hanyoyin, dabaru da kuma fasahar a yi.

Littafi ilimin halayyar gabatar multilevel hadaddun theories, iri na ilmi, interconnected da juna. A bisa ga al'ada kasu kashi da wadannan kamar yadda ta abubuwa:

1. Irfanin macrosociology. Wannan masana'antu dogara ne a kan wani musamman zamantakewa da falsafa ra'ayi.
2. Theories dangane da amfani da Concepts amfani a cikin binciken na daya ko wani subsystem al'umma.
3. Microsociology dangane empirical ilmi.

A cewar macrosociological theories, mamaki da kuma matakai a cikin al'umma za su iya koya, fahimta al'umma a matsayin dukan. Wadannan theories mayar da hankali a kan nazarin wani musamman fanni na mutum aiki. Sun koyi da iri na zamantakewa al'ummomi, da ikon yinsa, daga cikin dangantaka ta kai tsaye (hali, dalili, halaye na zamantakewa sadarwa, da dai sauransu). Irin wannan theories, musamman, sun hada da m interactionism na Mead, entnometodologiyu Garfinkel, Homans 'ka'idar musayar da sauransu.

A tsarin da sociological ilimi ya hada methodological da falsafa ka'idojin. Wadannan sun hada da, musamman, sun hada da koyarwar da batun (ko da wani reshe na kimiyya a kan jama'a), sanin hanyoyin, ci gaba da kuma aikace-aikace dabaru. Daga cikin ka'idodin ma bambanta da rukunan da sociological ilimi, ta matakan, iri da kuma siffofin, kazalika da game da aiwatar da bincike, ayyuka da kuma tsarin.