Aleksey Kruchenyh: biography, waka

The ban tausayi rabo na mawãƙi Alexei Kruchenykh rayu tsawon rai, amma cewa wannan shi ne wasan kwaikwayo. Ya na da fiye da shekaru 30, an tilasta wa rayuwa a rayuwa ƙi mutumin a titi. Bright tsawon rayuwarsa ya kasance short, amma musamman mai haske, hasken baiwa.

Family da kuma ƙananan yara,

Haife Alexei Kruchenykh Fabrairu 21, 1886 a kauyen Oliwa Kherson lardin a cikin sauki iyali. Mahaifinsa ya zo daga wani baƙauye bango, da aka farko ziyartar coachman a kan Estate, kuma har zuwa shekaru 8, a nan gaba futurist zauna a wani karamin kauye na 30 gidaje, sa'an nan mahaifina ya yanke shawarar sayar da gidan a kauyen, kuma ya kasance mai taksi direba a Kherson, don haka da cewa yara Alexey ya ciyar a cikin wannan birni . Ga Kruchenykh sauke karatu daga makarantar sakandare a uku azuzuwan, da kuma a 1902 ya shiga shekara a cikin Odessa Art College. Kamar wancan ƙare shiru yara boys. A zabi na wuri na nazari ya faru a karkashin karfi da tasiri yayansa, wanda yana da wani bajimi iyawa daga cikin zane-zane.

m matasa

Odessa College a waɗannan kwanaki kuwa shi ne mafi kyau art makarantu na Rasha Empire. Aleksey Kruchenyh zo da m fatan for wani abu mai haske da kuma haskakawa, da kuma fuskantar da aiki, da koyo da kayan yau da kullum na yi zane da kuma abun da ke ciki. A makaranta sanar da labarun almara da kuma a cikin wannan style Kruchenykh ya rubuta na farko da aikin, wanda ya sãɓã, kama da yanayi, da kuma shaida a gaban m iyawa, amma an haifar da marubucin da aka ba kama a cikin wannan kerawa. A wannan lokaci a cikin Odessa wani m rayuwa: yalwa da fun, aiki kuma bambancin siyasa aiki, duk wannan sha'awar Alexis. Ya halarci aikin akidar Karl Marx da'irar da aka ba ko da sau kama domin mallakan dakatar adabi, a lokaci guda da aka gudanar Kruchenykh sani da Davidom Burlyukom, nan gaba kafa Rasha Futurism.

farko da kira

A 1907 Kruchenyh Aleksey samu diploma na samun digiri, ya tafi zuwa ga Kherson zama wani art malami. Amma ya mafarkin na zama mai zaman kansa, artist, don haka da sabis tafi irregularly da kuma a cikin wannan shekara yi aikace-aikace don kudin shiga ga Moscow School of zanen. Kuma, duk da cewa ya makaranta ba yarda, a cikin kaka na 1907, ya tafi zuwa Moscow da karfi da sha'awar yin wani artist.

A Moscow, ya samun yawa idon sani a cikin m yanayi, ya fara aiki a cikin mujallu "Ƙararrawa" da "Spring", a "cikin Moscow jarida" kamar yadda wani zane da kuma caricaturist. Ya zama shahararren matsayin cartoonist, kuma ko da Ya halitta jerin ayyukan "All Moscow a majigin" izini da wata babbar bugu gidan. Ya quite nasarar tsunduma a kerawa, ya ci nasara da ilimi makaranta, ya sami ya style, amma mafarki - aji wallafe-wallafe. Kruchenykh taka rawa a cikin lokaci-lokaci nuni da Art Society of Moscow artists a cikin nuni "The Impressionists". Yana da wani ɓangare na da'irar Rasha avant-garde, ya gana da Elena Guro, Mihailom Matyushinym, Vasiliem Kamenskim.

wallafe-wallafen sadaukarwa

Kruchenykh Alex Eliseevich wallafe-wallafen aiki ta fara da m articles, littafin da sake dubawa, satirical waqe. Ya ji cewa adabi - shi ne ta babban kasuwanci na rayuwa. A 1912, sai ya sadu da Vladimir Mayakovsky da Velimir Khlebnikov, wadanda suka taimaka wajen samar da karshe Outlook Kruchenykh wanda ya ga kansa a matsayin mahaliccin da sabon shayari. Ya rubuta cewa gajejjeran labaru, da kuma sake dubawa da suke sosai daban-daban a style daga kewaye da wallafe-wallafen gaskiya, a cikin abin da ya yi ƙoƙari ya bayyana declarative ideas game da makomar al'umma da kuma zane-zane.

Aleksey Kruchenyh da kuma Rasha avant-garde

Aleksey Kruchenyh, wanda biography daga 1910s ne alaka da avant-garde ƙungiyoyi a art, ya zama wani aiki memba na da yawa karin bayanai a cikin m yanayi na Moscow. A 1911, sai ya sadu da Benedict Livshits, wanda tare da 'yan'uwansa Burliuk da Alekseem Kruchenyh daga baya raya futuristic jama'a "budetliane". A wannan lokaci, da avant-garde wanda ya shahara a duniya, a can ne daban-daban kulake da kuma kungiyoyin, wanda karfafa ci gaban da sabon art.

Dukkan wadannan ra'ayoyin ne Popular tare da Alex, ya collaborates da dama kungiyoyin da ake da hannu a cikin saki da dama anthologies na futurists, "Zadok da alƙalai", "Troy", "Matattu Moon", "mara a fuskar jama'a dandano". Kruchenykh kuma sakewa nasu littattafai da msar tambayar articles da waqe-waqe, kuma ta bayyana a nan a cikin hanyoyi biyu: ba kawai a matsayin marubuci da kuma sharhi, amma kuma a matsayin mai hoto zanen. 1912 yana da arziki, a m events, twists da hannu a cikin kungiyar D. Burliuk "Gilee" musanyar taimakekkeniya da "Jack na Diamonds", ke taka rawa a cikin muhawara da jama'a yakin.

poetic kerawa

A 1912, Alex Kruchenykh waqe ga wanda ya zo da fore, zai fara aiki a hankali tare da Velimir Khlebnikov. A wannan lokaci, da da mawãƙi tsanani tsunduma a cikin halittar shayari zuwa "kansa" da harshen, duka biyu so kawo canji shayari, yantar da mata daga ilimi rashin nishaɗi. Kruchenykh kawo Khlebnikov nuna farkon ya waka, kuma ya fara karatun, ba zato ba tsammani ya fara gina a kan ci gaba. Kamar wancan ne aka haife su hadin gwiwa waka «The Game a cikin Jahannama." Daga baya, suka har yanzu tare rubuta da libretto ga Futurist wasar kwaikwayo ta waka "Nasara a kan Sun".

Wannan fara Kruchenykh ayyuka a fagen avant-garde shayari, ya buga wasansa na farko Littafin waqe-waqe "Old love", wanda ya ci gaba wajen samar da primitivist hadisin. A littafin, kamar waka da aka kwatanta ta fice Rasha avant-garde Larionov kuma Natalia Goncharova, wakiltar wani samfurin na jawabin kira, kuma graphics. Kruchenykh fara gwaje-gwajen don ƙirƙirar illogical ayoyi, furta ƙirƙira qa'ida ta "Mirskontsa", wanda daga baya aka gane a cikin tarin ayyukan da Khlebnikov da torsion na wannan sunan.

A 1913-14 shekaru Kruchenykh gwaji da wani sabon salon - da wallafe-wallafen maganar banza, ya fara rubuta wakoki a cikin harshen nasa sabuwar dabara. New ayyuka kunshe a cikin tarin "lipstick". Mafi shahara daga cikin su shi da rubutu:

schyl ramuka Blvd.

ubeshschur

skooma

kana tare da bu

p l Ez ..

A cewar Kruchenykh, shi ne mafi na Rasha kasa ruhu, fiye da a duk shayari na Pushkin. Ya wallafa wani littafi kokarin saboda haka ci gaba har sai 1930, lokacin da shi da aka buga a tarin waqe "Ironiada".

Shekaru ba tare da shayari

Tun 1930, Kruchenyh Aleksey Eliseevich wanda hotuna sau da yawa ya bayyana a cikin tarin daga cikin ayyukan avant-garde, ya fara motsa daga wallafe-wallafe. Sahabbansa bar shi, ya mutu Mayakovsky da Khlebnikov, Burliuk 'yan'uwa, kamar sauran futurists da kuma ci-gaba painters da kasida, barin kasar.

Tun da 1934, aiki Kruchenykh daina buga, daga baya ya hana kudin shiga ga Union of Writers. An tsunduma a biyu-hannu da tsoho aiki, da aka shirya don buga wani littafi daga cikin abokan aiki, musamman, Mayakovsky da Khlebnikov. A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, Alexei yi aiki a kamfanin dillancin labarai "TASS Windows". A lokacin rayuwarsa Kruchenykh tattara musamman library. A Soviet gwamnati ba da damar da mawãƙi aiki, ya aka katse daban-daban jobs. Shi ne kawai 2 shekaru kafin mutuwa dauki shi ne kawai a cikin rãyuwar da wani lãbãri. 17 ga watan Yuni, 1968 Alex Eliseevich Kruchenykh mutu.