Alternative Fiction: description, tarihi, fasali, da kuma sake dubawa na littafin

Alternative almarar - mai salo steadily samun shahararsa wadannan kwanaki. An dauke da kafa Roman masanin tit Livy, an haife shi a 59 BC. A cikin ayyukansu, da tarihi shiga yin wani zato game da abin da zai faru da duniya idan Aleksandr Makedonsky mutu a 323 BC. Saboda aikinsa aka haife Genre, to wanda fiye da biyu millennia, marubuta suna juya.

Alternative almarar: bayanin irin Genre

Abu na farko da fahimta shi ne cewa wannan shi ne wani wallafe-wallafen motsi. Authors aiki a cikin wannan salo, suna mamaki da abin da zai zama idan ta faru ba wannan ko da ya faru a tarihi. Alal misali, abin da zai zama da zamani duniya, idan Napoleon ta daular daina wanzuwa a cikin 1815?

Alternative almarar - mai salo cewa yana da kõme ba yi da madadin tarihi theories. Wannan Trend ba shakkar hoton da suka gabata, ba ya yi imani da erroneous bayani game da wani taron, wanda shi ne m zuwa zamani mutane. Books kawai kira masu karatu don kira ga taimako da kuma tunanin tunani game da abin da zai yi ya faru, da labarin je da sauran hanyar da.

A kadan tarihi

Alternative fantasy - wani m Genre cewa ya samo asali kafin mu zamanin. Yana faru ta hanyar koyarwa na Titus Libya da kuma sanannen "History of Roma". Tarihi, a cikin rubuce-rubucen, yayi Magana game da abin da zai faru da duniya tamu, kawo Aleksandru Makedonskomu gudanar da niyyar kai farmaki Roma.

Great hali janyo hankalin da ban sha'awa na sauran marubuta suka yi aiki a cikin wannan salo. Alal misali, Sir Arnold Toynbee, wanda ya rayu a nuna na 19-20 ƙarni, ya halitta da dama ayyuka a wadda "Extended" rai na Alexander da kuma bayyana abubuwan da suka faru da cewa ya faru a wannan batun. Marubucin kuma dauke da zaɓi na duniyar da babban kwamandan aka taba haife.

A tsakiyar karni na 19th sun zama Popular m Utopia, wanda halittawa yi kokarin "tasiri" a kan labarin, mayar da hankali a kan moriyar gida kasashen. Alal misali, Faransa marubuci Lui Zhoffrua yi magana game da duniya cewa bai karya Napoleon ta daular. Turanci marubucin Nataniel Houtorn "ba a yarda" mutuwa Byron da Keats.

Features na Genre

Alternative almarar - ayyuka, wanda magance abubuwan da suka haifar da daga canje-canje a cikin shakka daga tarihi a cikin m, ko kwanan nan da suka wuce. Lamarin da ya shafi ci gaban duniya, na iya zama cikakken wani abu, dangane da nufin marubucin. Wasu marubuta fi son sa baki a cikin rabo na tarihi haruffa, wasu bayar madadin ci gaban abubuwan tarihin da (yaƙe-yaƙe, juyin), da sauransu kada Resort ga baki na waje sojojin (misali, wani dan hanya mamayewa). A sakamakon haka, a cikin littattafai na duniya ya zama daban-daban.

Action a cikin ayyukansu za a iya ci gaba ba wai kawai a cikin rãyuwar amma a baya ko nan gaba. Wasu marubuta magana game da abubuwan da suka biyo da canji tarihi, wasu - game da yadda za a duniya ya fara yawa ƙarni daga baya. Har ila yau mashahuri ne da labarin da ya shafi yunkurin yin heroes na lokacin tafiya da kuma shiga tsakani a cikin abubuwan da suka faru na baya saboda canji wannan hoton.

subgenres

Total 'yancin mataki - wani amfani cewa akwai marubuta da suka yi aiki a cikin wannan salo, kamar almarar kimiyya. Alternative Tarihi - shugabanci, don fiye da shekara dubu biyu da zama rafke cikin da yawa subgenres.

• Kriptoistoriya. Marubucin ya kira domin taimako allahntaka (Vampires, werewolves, mayu da masihirta), shirya wani dan hanya mamayewa. The ayyuka na wadannan sojojin shafi tarihi matakai cewa za su fara wani madadin hanya. A ce baki cinye Duniya, da yawan mutane, an bautar, a hallaka su. A matsayin misali, labari "Eye ikon" shiga tsakani a cikin rayuwar wani dan hanya mazaunan duniya, rubuta da Andrey Valentinov.
• Alternative Biochemistry. By nufin marubuci ta yanayi a duniya suna canza. Alal misali, canje-canje shafi yanayi zazzabi. Karkiyar wani canji ne da ci gaban al'ummar dan Adam, akwai wayewa, al'adu da bambance-bambance.
• Postapokaliptika. Ba tare da wannan subgenre ne da wuya su yi tunanin irin wannan abu a matsayin almarar. Alternative gaskiya zama da sakamakon daya ko wani daga duniya cataclysms. Alal misali, marubuci zai iya ƙirƙira da wani muhalli bala'i, nukiliya yaki, annoba. A wannan yanayin, abubuwan da suka faru ya faru riga bayan da al'ummar duniya tsira da wannan rikicin.
• Alternative labarin kasa. Marubucin ya sa wasu canje-canje a cikin labarin kasa na duniya, sakamakon wani zama da kuma tarihi na duniya. Alal misali, za mu iya tuna da aikin da "The Island na Crimea" da aka rubuta Aksenov. A marubuci da shawara cewa, da Crimea ne wani tsibirin da cewa ya taimaka Baron Wrangel kafa mai zaman kanta a jihar.
• Steampunk. A mayar da hankali ne a al'umma wanda fasahar suna makale a matakin 19-20 ƙarni.

"Key maki"

Abin da batutuwa ne mafi akai-akai shafi madadin almarar? Fada Fantasy, da mayar da hankali da wanda ka zama babbar yaƙi ne quite mashahuri a cikin masu karatu. A undoubted shugaban ne yakin duniya na II, da kuma mawallafa son la'akari da zabin, a cikin abin da nasara ya ga Nazis.

A daukan hankali misali na irin wannan aiki - labari "The Man a cikin High Castle," da aka rubuta da Philip K. Dick, bayar da "Hugo". Abubuwan da ke faruwa a cikin tsohon United States, da mataki zai fara a 1962. Marubucin ya gaya game duniya a wadda nasara a cikin yakin duniya na biyu a bari a baya Hitler hadaka. Jamus ta zama mulkin mallaka daular, yin aiki kashewa "na baya jama'arsu".

Hakika, ba kawai mutane sha'awar duniya na biyu, aikinsu halitta madadin tarihi. Fada Fantasy sau da yawa rinjayar da yakin basasa da ya faru a Amurka. Shi ne kuma high bukatar events cewa ya faru a Rasha a farkon karni na 20th.

Books Garri Garrisona

Don karanta ga waɗanda suka so madadin almarar? Books Garri Garrisona zai daukaka kara zuwa da yawa magoya wannan m salo. Alal misali, shi ya cancanci hankalin trilogy "Eden", ya fito daga alkalami na marubucin. Garrison abubuwan al'ajabi yadda ya iya zama da duniya idan ta faru ba nau'i nau'i na dinosaur, ya faru miliyan 60 da suka wuce. A sakamakon haka, 'yan adam ya zauna a matakin na Stone Age, aka tilasta su yi yaƙi da fasaha kadangaru, cike da duniyar tamu.

Interest ne samfurin na "transatlantic rami" halitta da wannan marubuci. A da shi marubucin ya nuna cewa Birtaniya ci Amirkawa a War of Independence, Amurka faru a cikin marigayi 18th karni.

Abin da kuma ya duba?

Abin da sauran littafin ya cancanci hankalin wadanda suka so almarar kimiyya? Alternative tarihi da aka miƙa a aikin "Kada Dark Fall" halitta de Campo. A babban harafin - wani tarihi, za ta motsa zuwa m baya. Dalilin da harafin - rigakafin da Dark Ages cewa buga Italiya.

A littafin "11/22/63" - wani aiki a cikin abin da Stiven King iya tsira John Kennedy. "Yan sintiri lokaci" - a sake zagayowar na Paul Anderson, a cikin abin da marubucin mai sirrin kungiyar, ba kyale baki daga nan gaba kuna aikin tsoma baki a cikin tarihi na ci gaba.

reviews

A halin yanzu, mafi mashahuri a cikin masu karatu amfani da wadannan ayyuka alaka da salo na "The Man a cikin High Castle", "sintiri lokaci", "11/22/63." Hakika, tare da m reviews game da wadannan kayayyakin hadu da mummunan halaye. Da mawallafa na karshen gardamar cewa marubuta an shiryar da talauci a tarihi.

Reviews da kuma nuna cewa shekaru da dama ci gaba shahararsa dadin postapokaliptika, wanda da yawa gane a matsayin mai raba salo. MISALI bukaci samfurin - "bakin hanya Fikinik".

A manyan yawan magoya suna dukan da aka bayyana a cikin wannan labarin littattafai - almarar, m tarihi.