Aman wuta Hekla - kamar huren wuta-numfashi

Ba kowa ya san inda na aman wuta Hekla a kan taswira. Kowane mutum a kan lebe na 'yan'uwansa da unpronounceable sunan, wanda a 2010 tilasta fasinjoji na flights to tuna kalma mummũnã Iceland da kuma ta magmatic aiki. Amma Hekla ne yafi hatsari da kuma insidious da hayaki 'yar'uwarsa. Daga ta vents ba yawanci karya shafi na ash, wanda zai iya score jet injuna, da kuma mafi halitta marmaro na wuta, lawa kuma volcanic bama-bamai. Hekla ne capricious, unpredictable, secretive. Icelanders shafa wa volcanoes kawai sũnan mace. Zai yiwu sun san da ƙarfi, kuma ikon da adalci rabin mutãne, a lokacin da suka kawo wani abu daga balance - weaker jima'i da su a cikin wadannan lokacin da aka ba daidai kira. Kuma na Hekla da Katla zuwa 'yar'uwarta a tsibirin Legends. Bari mu samu matsahi na saba da wannan wuta-numfashi dodo.

Gateway zuwa ga Jahannama,

Idan ka tambayi mai na da Cistercian m game da wurin da aman wuta Hekla, ya ba su yi shakka amsa da cewa a ƙofar underworld. Rayukan masu zunubi, barin jiki, sa'an nan rush ta bakin cikin da har abada wuta inda cizon hakora. A m Benedict, singing a cikin ayar da rai na St. Brendan, da ake kira Hekla kurkuku Yahuza. A sauki Icelanders up zuwa XIX karni sun tabbatar da cewa a saman wannan aman wuta a kan Easter mayu garken rawa. Me Hekla sa yan unguwa irin tsoronsa, tsoro da sha'awa a lokaci guda? Tun daga nan, mutane sun shagaltar da tsibirin, wannan headstrong kyakkyawa nuna kashe ta m fushi fiye da ashirin sau. Kuma tsarin "ciwon iska" ne da wuya a hango ko hasashen. Sunan "Hecla" da aka samu daga sunan wani gajeren alkyabbar tare da wani kaho. A saman dutsen akwai ko da yaushe wani girgije, daga nesa yayi kama da kaho.

Abin da masana kimiyya ce?

A Gwargwadon tsarawa daga cikin aman wuta Hekla - 63,98 ° arewacin latitud da kuma 19,70 ° gabas longitude. An located in kudu maso yammacin ɓangare na Iceland, game da wani mutum ɗari kilomita daga babban birnin kasar Reykjavik. By irin stratovolcano Hekla nasa ne. Yana da aka kafa daga mikakke fasa. Saboda m eruptions tsawo da dutsen da aka canza. Alal misali, a 1948 shi zambar 1 502 m, amma daga baya da bakin dutse rushe. Yanzu girma Hekla ne 1488 m. Yana da wani ɓangare na wani mika kunya rushe andesitic da basaltic lavas. Volcanic crack tsawon kai kilomita biyar. Amma yana da shekaru Hekla a ma'aunan kasa sharuddan kusan infantile - kawai 6600 shekaru.

manyan shigowa

Duk da haka, a cikin irin wannan gajeren tarihi na aman wuta Hekla a Iceland ya yi barna akai-akai. Dendrochronology (nazarin sauyin yanayi a kan m shuke-shuke) domin sanin cewa hudu shekara dubu, kuma ma 2800 shekaru da suka wuce akwai babbar shigowa wannan aman wuta. Column hayaki ya rage iska zazzabi a arewacin yammancin duniya na 'yan shekaru, da kuma burbushi na volcanic ash, masana kimiyya sun gano a cikin peat bogs na Ireland da kuma Scotland, kazalika a nahiyar Turai. A farko rubuta a rubuce kafofin shigowa faru a 1104. Da zarar gangara daga duwãtsu aka rufe da gandun daji, amma yanzu su ne gaba daya tsirara. Iceland ta gwamnati na son a gudanar da wani fabulously tsada aikin a kan aikin lambu kunya.

Shin Dutsen Hekla aman wuta daga lokaci zuwa kwantar da hankali?

Masana kimiyya sun gano wani abin kwaikwaya: da ya fi tsayi a lokaci lokaci a tsakanin eruptions, da aka gama ragargaje wadannan seizures bore. Amma sa'a, a yau da aman wuta "chudit" yana da consistently da zarar shekaru goma. A cikin karni na ashirin, shi ya barke a 1947-48, 1970, 1980, 1981, 1991 da kuma 2000. Recent yankunan da abubuwan da ke haifar da mutum jikkata faru a 1766 da kuma 1947-1948. Amma a cikin ashirin-arni na farko, da aman wuta Hekla ya ba tukuna bayyana kanta. Kuma yana da gangami. Tun da capricious yanayin kyakkyawa ne sosai unpredictable. Seismologists ce cewa, sabanin sauran volcanoes, Hekla a wani sosai gajeren lokaci tsakanin farko na shigowa da lawa watsi. Saboda haka, zubar da ceto quite a bit lokaci zuwa fitad da mutane.

A jira na fashewa

Shan la'akari da cewa aman wuta Hekla karshe ya barke a cikin marigayi Fabrairu 2000, kuma a karshen karni na ashirin, girgizar kasa aiki da aka sabunta kowane shekaru goma, masana kimiyya sa ran wani sabon fashewa rana. Wuya su yi tunanin abin da zai kasance. Wani lokaci eruptions ya faru ga dama, kwanaki, da kuma a 1947 Hekla brawled kan wani shekara. Don kare mutane daga cikin sakamakon girgizar kasa da kuma sabon saki lawa ash, geophysics aza a zurfin goma sha shida kilomita daga saman na'urori masu auna sigina, wanda aika da dukan bayanai game da jihar na magma ciki da volcanic fissures da craters. Ya zuwa yanzu, babu motsi da irin ƙaunar da Hekla ne ba a saukar. Wasu yankunan kan surface na aman wuta zafi, amma a tsibirin Iceland shi zai mamaki babu wanda. Bakin dutse gudanar tafiya yawon shakatawa, da kuma gwamnatin ta ce ba su da cikakken 'hadari ga rayuwa da yawon bude ido.