A tarihin da jama'ar na Kaliningrad yankin. Babban biranen amber ƙasar

A Kaliningrad yankin ne musamman a hanyoyi masu yawa. Shi ne da westernmost na Rasha Federation da kawai marasa cigaban tattalin arziki a cikin shi. Kaliningrad Region yawan ne ƙabilun bambancin, da garuruwanta - musamman gine da tabawa da Gabas Prussian.

Kaliningrad yankin - na musamman da kuma ban sha'awa baki

A ƙarshe na yaƙin duniya II, Afrilu 7, 1946, Koenigsberg yankin da aka kafa. Bayan 'yan watanni da shi samu ta ba da sunan. Wannan shi ne mai ban mamaki da kuma sosai m yankin na Rasha, wanda shi ne mai yawa daga abin da yake na musamman.

Da farko, da yankin ba shi da wani na kowa iyakokin da sauran Rasha. A kudu da iyaka tare da Poland a arewa da kuma gabas - tare da Lithuania. Daga yamma shi an wanke ta da ruwan sanyi Baltic Sea. A duka yankin na Kaliningrad yankin - kadan fiye da dubu 15 murabba'in kilomita. Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin mafi karami na RF batutuwa.

Kaliningrad Region yawan - 976.000 mutane (as na 2016). Wannan yankin na Rasha shi ne mafi kusa zuwa Turai, ba kawai geographically, amma kuma wajen tunani. The gine-gine da bayyanar yankin ne babu kasa mai ban sha'awa. Tsohon Jamus gine ne a hade tare da m Soviet-zamanin gine-gine da kuma na zamani Rasha gine.

Kaliningrad yankin kuma rinjayar da albarkatun kasa. Da farko shi ne, ba shakka, game da amber. A Rasha yankin asusun for game da 90% na duniya samar da "m resins".

Amma musamman da suka bambanta da na halitta amber baki ne ba iyaka. Saboda haka, a cikin Kaliningrad yankin ne kawai daya a cikin Baltic Sea, ice-free tashar jiragen ruwa, duniya ta mafi tsawo yashi tofa (UNESCO kare), wani mamaki Pine ɗan kurmi 'Dancing Forest' tare da Oddly Twisted bishiya, da kuma fiye da ban sha'awa da kuma sabon abu.

Tarihi na yankin

Na dogon lokaci wannan yanki ya na da muhimmanci cibiyar al'adu na Gabas Prussia. Wannan gaskiya ta bayyana da yawa "German" burbushi a cikin birane da kauyuka na zamani Kaliningrad yankin: tubali majami'u, da karfafa, mata kagarai, tsoho bayar da damar gudanar da duwatsu a cikin tituna, da sauransu ..

Domin da dama ƙarni, a ƙasar da aka raba tsakanin Dogayen sanda da kuma Lithuania, Jamus da kuma Rasha. A postwar 1945, bisa ga yanke shawara sanya a Yalta da kuma Potsdam taro, Amber tafiya zuwa gefen da Tarayyar Soviet. Yuli 4, 1946 zamanin d Königsberg aka sake masa suna Kaliningrad, da kuma yankin ya zama sananne a matsayin Kaliningrad.

The yaki ya sa babban lalacewar da yankin. Rabin ta masana'antu hadaddun aka halaka. Game da 80% daga cikin gidaje asusu na tsohon Königsberg aka halaka. Duk da wahalhalu domin sake gina birnin da yankin tattalin arzikin kasar ya fadi a kan kafadu zub da jini doguwar yaki Soviet mulki.

Kaliningrad Region

A post-yaki shiri na Kaliningrad yankin da ake kira da babbar hijira a cikin tarihi na Tarayyar Soviet. A ƙarshen 40s nan massively tattara mutane daga sassa daban daban na daular - daga Rasha, Belarus, Ukraine, Armenia, Uzbekistan. A daidai wannan lokaci da yankin da aka tura 'yan asalin Jamus yawan jama'a.

Domin na farko uku post-yaki shekarun da suka gabata (1950 zuwa 1979) da jama'ar na Kaliningrad yankin girma daidai sau biyu. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, da yawan mutane a wannan yankin na kasar, ko da yake sannu a hankali, amma girma. A cewar alƙaluma da tsinkaya, ta 2030, yawan mutanen yankin za su shawo kan shãmaki daga miliyan daya mutane.

Yau, a cikin Kaliningrad yankin sanaki wakilan al'ummai masu yawa da kasashe. The most of su:

• Rasha (82%).
• Ukrainian (3.5%).
• Byelorussians (3,4%).
• Lithuanian (1%).
• Armenian (1%).
• Jamusawa (kasa da 1%).
• Tatar (kasa da 1%).

Modern administrative-yankin rabo daga cikin yankin

Yadda yawa administrative raka'a ne Kaliningrad yankin? Yankunan yammacin yankin na Rasha Federation ne sosai daban-daban daga juna a size da kuma yawan jama'a. A total na 15. The most yanki a yankin - Slavskii (tare da wannan administrative cibiyar), kuma mafi karami - Svetlogorsk.

Gudanarwa division yankin kuma samar domin rarrabawa a cikin birni yankin darajar (akwai 6) da kuma kananan garuruwa (daya).

Kaliningrad Region Cities

A matakin na urbanization a yankin ne babban isa. Shi ne game da 77%. Duk a cikin yankin, akwai 22 birane. A administrative cibiyar na yankin ne Kaliningrad, wanda shi ne gida zuwa kusan 60% na jimlar yawan mutanen yankin.

The most birane na Kaliningrad yankin aka jera a kan tebur (da haihuwa sunan da yawan mazaunan):

A cikin sharuddan yawon shakatawa mafi ban sha'awa birane: Kaliningrad, Baltiysk, Chernyakhovsk, Pravdinsk, Neman Zelenogradsk.

Kaliningrad ne duniya sanannen domin ta Amber Museum, kabarin Falsafa Kant, kazalika ga] imbin Fortova wurare. Pravdinsk, Train, Chernyakhovsk da Sovietsk jawo hankalin masu yawon shakatawa oldness na Jamus gine da kuma Baltic Neman - domin ta m tarihi Monuments. Svetlogorsk da Zelenogradsk - babban mura na Kaliningrad yankin.