Mene ne tsawo na St. Ishaku Cathedral da kuma Ivan Mai girma Bell

Addini gine-gine sun kasance kullum m size. Orthodox majami'u da kuma mai kararrawa hasumiya - shi ne ba togiya. Wasu daga cikin su vzmetayutsya har zuwa mita 100 da kuma more. A tsawo na St. Ishaku Cathedral da kuma Ivan Mai girma Bell iya gasa da tallest Orthodox majami'u.

Daya daga cikin manyan

Saboda haka iya kiranta Ishaku Cathedral a St. Petersburg. Bayan duk, ya - daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci kuma mafi kyau domed Tsarin cikin duniya. By girman da haikali zarce kawai ta St. Bitrus Basilica (Roma), St. Paul (London) da kuma St. Mary (Florence). A Rasha, St. Ishaku Cathedral aka dauke su a sama kawai sabuwar gina Cathedral of Kristi Mai-Ceto a birnin Moscow, tsayinsa tare da giciye shi ne 103 mita.

A tsawo na St. Ishaku Cathedral a St. Petersburg ya kai 101,5 mita. Yana maida hankali ne akan wani yanki na 4,000 murabba'in mita. M. An kiyasta, da jimlar nauyin Haikali - game da 300 000 tons. Lokaci guda ta iya saukar game da 12 000 mutane. Kewaya Cathedral 112 monolithic ginshikan. A tsawo daga cikin ginshikan St. Ishaku Cathedral, ko kuma wajen wasu daga cikinsu ya kai 17 mita.

Wannan pyatikupolny haikali babban Dome wanda diamita ne game da 25 mita. Wani hudu kananan domes aka shigar a kan hudu belfries, dake a cikin sasanninta daga cikin manyan girma daga cikin ginin.

Tarihi na halitta

Yanzu data kasance St. Ishaku Cathedral - na huɗu gina a cikin wannan wuri.

A farko a 1707 da aka gina St. Ishaku Church, wani sauki, katako, amma da wani babban steeple. The coci da aka gina a kan umarni na Bitrus, mai girma, da kuma ranar haihuwar da aka gudanar kwanciya daga cikin haikali. Kuma tun May 30 - shi ne kuma ranar veneration na St. Ishaku Dolmatskogo, da coci samu da sunan da. Bisa ga hukuncin Bitrus shekaru biyu don inganta maido da haikalin da aka za'ayi. A wannan coci a 1712, da Sarkin aure da Catherine.

Duk da haka, a 1717 gina da dutse coci na St. Ishaku ya fara. Itace rududdugaggu da cewa lokaci. A sabon dutse coci ba su sãɓã ba musamman kyakkyawa. Sosai kamar Bitrus da Bulus Cathedral. Its yi aka kammala a 1727. Duk da haka, da kusa da kusanci na Neva River (subsidence) da kuma wuta lalacewa ta hanyar wani walƙiya yajin aiki a 1735, ƙarshe haifar tsarin a Jihar disrepair. Kuma ko da ya yi kokarin mayar da sakamako mai kyau ba a cimma. Aka yanke shawarar zuwa rarraba da coci da kuma gina wani sabon, mafi m, t. E. Ba wani coci, da kuma Cathedral. Amma sai har yanzu ya gagara tsammani wadda za ta kasance da tsawo na St. Ishaku Cathedral karshe.

Uku Council karkashin Catherine II

Gina wani sabon babban coci fara a kan umarni na Catherine II a 1768. A m na aikin ya A. Rinaldi. Biyar domes da doguwar hasumiya da samun da babban coci a m shirin. Duk da haka, har zuwa karshen gane su da tsare-tsaren kasa. Lokacin da Catherine mai girma ya rasu, ginin da aka sani kawai, ya kawo wa eaves na ginin. Aikin da aka dakatar a lokacin, A. Rinaldi tafi gida.

A sabon sarki zarar umurni da Paul ci gaba da gina babban coci da kuma umurni da shi dõmin ka yi da m V. Brenna, wanda ƙwarai gurbata asalin aikin, musamman game da domes da spiers. Dome aka bar shi kadai, da kuma ya an rage a cikin size. A sakamakon haka, da tsawo na St. Ishaku Cathedral a St. Petersburg, wanda aka tsarkake a cikin 1802, ya muhimmanci ƙananan fiye da kimanta A. Rinaldi. Haikali ya juya daga quite homely.

A tarihin na yi na zamani St. Ishaku Cathedral

Shi ne ba daidai da matsayi na babban coci da babban birnin kasar. Saboda haka, a cikin kasa da shekaru bakwai, a matsayin gasar da aka sanar domin gina wani sabon daya. Alexander kafa na farko da yanayin da adana na uku bagadai wanzu a baya. Daya bayan daya, sai sarki ya yi watsi da samarwa ayyukan. A karshen, wajen samar da wani aikin danƙa ga matasa m Montferrand, wani Bafaranshe. A farkon 1818 da aikin da aka amince da sarki.

A musamman hukumar, kuma a 1819 aza na farko da dutse da aka kafa domin gina management.

Ba da da ewa, duk da haka, wani zargi da aikin da aka sanya ta shahara m A. Modyui. Ya main lura aka iyakance zuwa fragility na kafuwar kuma da m zane na babban Dome. Dã da aikin rework da tata, amma duk da comments aka ɗauke shi zuwa lissafi. Kawai a 1825, aikin da aka karshe amince, da kuma gina coci ci gaba. Na kammala shi a shekaru 40 da.

Mayu 30, 1858, keɓewarsa ta na da wani sabon coci a gaban gidan sarauta.

Af, da tsawo na St. Ishaku Cathedral da kuma Ivan Mai girma Bell a Moscow a lokacin da aka dauke mafi muhimmanci.

Ganin dandali na Cathedral

Idan kafin 1917, St. Ishaku Cathedral aka dauke da babban coci a St. Petersburg, bayan shi ya juya a cikin wani gidan kayan gargajiya. A lokacin babban Patriotic coci gini da aka ba musamman shafa, ko da yake ya bulala shrapnel.

A halin yanzu, babban coci ne har yanzu a gidan kayan gargajiya, amma holidays tare da izini daga cikin Directorate akwai ake gudanar da sabis. A farko da ya faru a shekarar 1990.

A cikin colonnade na babban coci da aka gina a duba dandamali, wanda yayi wani kyakkyawa view of birnin. Za ka iya gani kusan duk babban gani na St. Petersburg: Winter Palace, da Admiralty, Vasilevsky Island da Academy of Arts, majalisar dattijai da kuma taron majalisar Krista gini da sauransu.

Height gadin da Is'hãƙa Cathedral ne 43 mita. Sama - kawai kararrawa hasumiyar na Smolny Cathedral, a duba dandamali wanda aka gina a wata tsawo na 50 mita.

Abin lura shi ne cewa a St. Petersburg White Nights na St. Ishaku filin wasa kusa da nan kowane lokaci.

Daga St. Petersburg zuwa Moscow

A tsawo na St. Ishaku Cathedral da kuma Ivan Mai girma Bell ban sha'awa ga dama masoya na tarihi da kuma Monuments na Rasha gine. Game da St. Petersburg babban coci har ya ce shi duka. Yana da lokacin da tafi zuwa Moscow, a sosai cibiyar.

Ivana Velikogo Bell Tower aka located a kan Kremlin ta Cathedral Square. Its cikakken suna - da coci kararrawa hasumiya Ioanna Lestvichnika. A shekarar 2008, ta kasance shekaru 500 da haihuwa.

Ivan Mai girma Bell tsawo ya kai 81 mita (ba tare da giciye).

A kararrawa hasumiyar da gidajen tarihi, misali, da tarihi na Moscow Kremlin. Akwai nan kuma wani kallo bene.

History of Ivana Velikogo kararrawa hasumiya

Wasu kafofin nuna cewa a wannan wuri, a 1329 aka gina da coci na Kirista Bogoslova Ioanna Lestvichnika, wani musamman tsara "a karkashin kararrawa". Duk da haka, daga baya da shi da aka halaka.

A 1505-1508 da m Bon Fryazin gina wannan fari dutse da tubali uku-tiered al'amudi, wanda tsayinsa kamu game da 60 mita. A cikin ƙananan bene ya kai tsaye zuwa coci, a cikin sama - karrarawa. A tsarin da aka gina a ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar Ivan ta Uku.

Daga baya, da coci da aka gina sau da yawa. Saboda haka, da tsawo na da babban ginshiƙai da aka ƙara a Borisov Godunov. A sakamakon haka, da tsawo daga Ivana Velikogo kararrawa hasumiya fara da za a baje 81 mita. A kadan a baya shi da aka haɗe zuwa belfry, tsara don manyan karrarawa, duk da haka wani haikali.

A lokacin Napoleon ta mamayewa kararrawa hasumiya sha wahala, an partially hallaka. A m shekaru, da aka za'ayi sabuntawa aiki.

karrarawa wayewar

A halin yanzu, kararrawa hasumiya Ivana Velikogo kararrawa kiyaye 21. Uku daga cikinsu, da most, shigar a kan Filaret Annex da Belfry - ɗauka cewa (a kan 65 ton), Reut (Howler, kusan 33 ton) da kuma Semisotnov (13 ton).

Kai tsaye located a kan kararrawa hasumiyar 18 karrarawa, ba shakka, karami. A kasan bene shida na su shigar. Af, sunayen suna sosai peculiar, "Bear", "Swan", "Wide", "Novogorodsky", "Sloboda" da "Rostov". Nauyi su ma m - daga 3 zuwa 7 tons.

The biyu bene aka sanya karrarawa 9, wanda size ne ko karami. A karshe, a latest, da uku bene suna shigar uku karrarawa.

Da farko, duk da karrarawa rataye daga bim na itace, da yawa daga baya suka koma zuwa karfe.

Duk da kararrawa hasumiya Ivana Velikogo kararrawa addashin. Sun kira a kan holidays.

A ƙarshe, za mu iya ƙara da cewa, ba shakka, da tsawo na St. Ishaku Cathedral da kuma Ivan Mai girma Bell ban sha'awa. Duk da haka, wani ma fi girma sha'awa take kaiwa duk da bayyanar, domin su ne a kan hakkin ne Masterpieces na duniya gine.