Andzhey Vayda da m fina-finan. Biography da photo na darektan

Ya - daya daga cikin mafi shahara da kuma fitattun 'yan fim ba kawai a Gabashin Turai amma kuma a cikin dukan duniya. Ya - wasan kwaikwayo darektan, screenwriter kuma darektan. Domin mafi girma taimako ga duniya cinema, ya aka girmama su zama lashe girmamawa "Oscar", kuma da yawa na kasa da kasa lambobin yabo da kyaututtuka. Back a cikin 50s na karni na ashirin, ya a cikin wani gajeren lokaci gudanar ya sami yiwuwa a cikin fim, lokacin da ya zama daya daga cikin shugabannin da sabon Polish makaranta, kuma ya kasance haka to wannan rana, duk da wajen ci-gaba da shekaru. Ya - mai girma Andzhey Vayda, mutumin da ya canja zama na gaba a kan cinema.

yarantaka Masters

A nan gaba, Sarkin cinematography aka haife Maris 6, 1926. Wannan taron ya faru a arewa maso gabashin Poland, a garin Suwalki. Shi ne a cikin wadannan yankunan yayin da soja raka'a aka located, inda mahaifinsa ya bauta wa, ya Jakub. Ya kasance wani jami'in a cikin doki manyan bindigogi, kwamandan 41st rajimanti. Inna, Aniela, aiki malamin makaranta.

A twenties - farkon thirties a wadannan wurare ya wuce gabas na Poland, da kuma gidaje raka'a. Wajda ta iyali zauna a bariki, har mahaifina da aka sanya wa wani lardin garin Radom, wanda ya zuwa kudu, kuma mafi kusantar Warsaw.

Daya daga cikin yara kwaikwayo na yaron yana da wani soja al'ada bada, dubawa, daban-daban nuna kuma ko da kauri jana'izar. Daga baya, a cikin 1939, daga barikin hanya jagoranci mike zuwa gaba, a karkashin makiya tankuna. Yana da aka ba ibãdar yanka, amma rarraban line tsakanin rai da mutuwa.

A farko asara

A cikin watan Satumba 1939, Soviet sojojin tafi a Gabashin Poland. Uba Andrzej ya a Soviet bauta. A kan wasu fursunoni da ya Polish jami'an kurkuku a cikin sansanin, sa'an nan kuma harbe a Katyn. Daga bisani, da zafi, kazalika da tunanin na yaki, da jan theme, sun shige ta dukan aikin da darektan. A cikin zane-zane Wajda ba zai yi magana game da baya, ko da yake a cikin matasa darektan aka alaka a lokacin Warsaw tawaye. Ya gaya gaba daya sauran mutane - wani leftana kwamandan Zadar, a signaller Daisy, da heroes of fim "Canal" - game da mutanen da suka so a cikin fina-finai, ya kuma ga kawai 'yan sa'o'i na rana a hakikanin rai ...

Daga makaranta aiki

A 1939 Andzhey Vayda bikin ta 13th ranar tunawa. Da shi shi ne na karshe ranar haihuwa, wanda ya baba ba. Bayan wata shida, ya tafi. Andrew ke zuwa 8th sa, amma tare da fashewa daga cikin yakin duniya na biyu, ya yi sallama makaranta. Don kauce wa fadowa cikin wani rukuni na mutane da suke kan tilas aika zuwa Jamus Reich, yaron samun wani aiki. Ya canza wata yawa fasahohin: ya kasance mai longshoreman, wani almajiri na Cooper, a draftsman, wani mai zane-zane, a storekeeper a Jamus nazarinsa. Ko itinerant fenta taimaka wajen mayar da frescoes a cikin majami'u. A lokacin zama na kasar su ta matasa Andzhey Vayda aka ba da hannu a cikin yãƙi, sai ya kasance a wani memba na cikin karkashin kasa Home Army detachment, kuma ko da ya karbi rantsuwar.

Yadda za a zabi hanya madaidaiciya a rayuwa?

Taimaka itinerant titi painters a sabuntawa na frescoes a cikin majami'u, da Guy aka tsanani fara zanen. Kuma kamar haka haihuwa da mafarkinsa na zama artist. Yana da wannan mafarki, kuma ya gudummawar da cewa bayan da yaki, a shekarar 1946, Andzhey Vayda shiga Krakow Academy of Fine Arts. Amma ya yi karatu a can don kawai shekaru uku. Future darektan motsa a cikin Lodz makaranta na cinema a shiryarwa ba sashen. Duk da haka, tare da zanen ya ba a rabu da kuma ci gaba da shiga a dama nune-nunen.

Andzhey Vayda ya gamsu da cewa a wannan lokaci, a lokacin da kawai wani movie - yana da irin art, wanda daidai nuna post-yaki zamanin, lokacin da dukan rai da aka a gefen yaki da zaman lafiya. Dukan mutane sa'an nan ya yi ĩmãni da cewa wannan movie zai iya zama wani abu mafi muhimmanci fiye da saba nisha. cewa shi zai iya canza adam sani.

"A sabon Yaren mutanen Poland School"

Wajda tunani shared da sauran talented matasa suka yi karatu tare da shi a cikin fim makaranta - film darektan Ezhi Kavalerovich, Andzhey Munk, Voytseh Has. Yana yana tare da su a matsayin tawagar Wajda halitta sabon Trend a cikin movie, wanda ake kira da "sabon Polish makaranta". A kadan daga baya da shi ya ya wanda ya jagoranci wani sabon Trend kuma zama daya daga cikin manyan gudanarwa a Poland.

m hanya

Duk da yake har yanzu a dalibi, Andzhey Vayda, mafi kyau fina-finan cewa ya san mafi Raya Makon na da basira, aiki a matsayin mataimakin kuma a matsayin mataimakin darektan. Wannan shi ne karo darektan Wajda Alexander Ford, a lõkacin da ya sa wani hoto na "Biyar a titi da Bar." A cikin fim, "Uku labaru" Wajda ya co-marubuci.

A lokacin horar da matasa darektan ya iya cire farko short film, "Lokacin da ka barci" da kuma "Tir Boy" da Chekhov da shirin "Ilzhetskaya tukwane." Ya gaske imani da cewa cinema iya canza duniya da kuma zukatan mutane. Wajda fara taka rawa sosai a cikin ka'idar directing fina-finai. Kasidunsu sun taimaka wajen bude sababbin hanyoyin da ci gaban Yaren mutanen Poland cinematography.

International amincewa da darektan

Daga cikin ayyukan Andzheya Vaydy fina-finai suna da fadi da kewayon stylistic mafita: wannan jam'iyya m wasan kwaikwayo da kuma dabara allegories, misalai da m zamantakewa halshen tarihi zane-zane.

Da farko alama fim "LURA", yin fim a shekarar 1954, wani m mamaki ga masu sauraro da kuma masu sukar m. Ta kasance duka biyu mutum da kuma sana'a. Saboda haka a nan take, matasa darektan, wanda kawai ya juya kawai 26 years old, ya zama gunki na tsara, babbake sharrin yaki. Wani daga cikin nasara shi ne fim "Canal", yin fim da shekaru biyu daga baya. Wannan fim lashe "Azurfa dabino reshe" a Cannes. Wajda ta iyawa ya zama yanzu da aka sani a Turai.

Wani film, na karshe a wani trilogy game da yaki da dauki Vayda Andzhey - "Toka da Diamonds". A tef, wanda ya karbi Venice kyauta, dauke daya daga cikin mafi kyau, "fito daga alkalami na" darektan. An dade kasance wani ɓangare na duniya cinema zinariya asusu, tabbatattun shiga saman goma fina-finan.

Shi ne kawai a shekarar 2007, bayan haka da yawa shekarun da suka gabata, mai girma darektan, ya karshe iya dan kadan dauke da labule a kan wani m tabo a cikin tarihi na ƙasarsa ta kasar - da Katyn bala'i. Bugu da kari, wannan zafi ne damuwa kai tsaye da kuma kansa. don Andzheya Vaydy Katyn ne ya baƙin ciki, wanda ya dauki hanyar da dukan rai.

A wannan fim, da darektan ya ce game da rabo daga cikin maza ta hanyar mata ji - da gakiyarsu, yanke ƙauna, wahala da baƙin ciki.

sabon abu Wajda

Andrzej Wajda ya taba hada kai tsaye authorial magana. Su ba su da wani farko-mutum, babu wani "I" ko wani phonogram ko a cikin firam. All inmost da ya gaya wa masu sauraro ta hanyar da daban-daban rayuwa labaru na sauran mutane. A kowane daga cikin hoto duk mutum abubuwan da aka kawo a matsayin haƙiƙa labari. Wajda shared tare da manema labarai cewa a cikin rubuce-rubucen da ya hada kome, domin kowane fim ne da wani bangare na rayuwa. All ya harbe - wannan shi ne ya biography, ya kama hanyarsa. Wannan shi ne sabon abu na baiwa darektan, ya marubucin cinema - kerawa ne sosai masu zaman kansu, da nasaba, da rayuwa.

Lokacin da Wajda aka faruwa harba da fim "Samson" a shekarar 1961, babban mace rawa auditioned ɗari biyu 'yan mata. A sakamakon haka, an yanke shawarar cewa yin fim za Tyszkiewicz. Saboda haka da darektan hadu nan gaba uku matarsa. Har sai wannan rana, sai ya shiga cikin aure, biyu, gaskiya yara ya yi ba. Kuma Beata Tyszkiewicz haifa masa 'yarsa, Carolina. Hukumance, biyu rajista da dangantaka bayan haihuwar 'yarta.

Sun kasance a London a lokacin da labarai ya zo na ban tausayi mutuwar juna aboki Zbigneva Tsybulskogo. Beata shawara ga mijinta cire tef, sadaukar da Zbigniew. Andzhey Vayda directed fim "ranar mata ta" a 1968. Abin baƙin ciki, nan da nan, a Jami'ar Warsaw, kawai 8th na Maris, akwai disturbances, wadanda aka raunana mace dalibai. A fim ta take yi a canza. A wannan lokaci Beata Tyszkiewicz ya rubuta littafin "Duk for Sale". Ta shawarar mijinta aiki. A fim da aka mai laifin nasara, kuma ya sanya wa iyali.

Masters na kerawa

The darektan kokarin amfani da ƙarfinsa a da dama styles. Andzheya Vaydy Filmography ne m. Ya harbe da comedy da kuma soja drama, ko da wani hoto na ayyukan shahararrun marubuta. A tsawon lokaci, aikinsa ya zama siyasa sautin.

A cikin fim "Man of Marmara" ya fito fili ya ci amanar soki jam'iyyar-jihar tsarin, kuma bayan wani lokaci ya ce ya goyan bayan 'yan adawa motsi a Poland. A Wajda ya sosai tsayayyun} ungiyoyin wuri, don haka shi za a iya daidaita zuwa ga jama'a Figures na kasar. Yana da wani ba za'a iya mantawaba aiki na Andrzej taimaki Dogayen sanda a dubi gaskiya a daya gefen. Aikinsa ya zama wata alama hadin kan kasa.

Yawa aikin ya kasance da darektan da kuma kasashen waje: ya yin fim "Lady Macbeth Mtsensokgo County" Leskov, ya aiwatar da wasannin da wasan kwaikwayo "Laifuka da azãba" by Dostoevsky. Bisa ga samfurin Bulgakov a Jamus TV Andzhey Vayda harbi "The Master kuma Margarita." Theatrical productions, wanda ya kafa, ya tafi zuwa ga al'amuran da Amirka da kasashen Turai.

Domin ya dogon hanya a cikin aikin da darektan Andzhey Vayda ya cire fiye da 60 zane-zane da kuma sa mai yawa Theatrical wasanni. Fina-da wani sakamako. A shekara ta 2002 ya aka bayar daya daga cikin cinema da ya fi shahara awards - girmamawa "Oscar".