Auschwitz - wani gari a Poland. Tarihi da kuma jan hankali na birni

Auschwitz - wani birni a Jamhuriyar Poland, wanda sunansa ne aka sau da yawa ji a duk. Mene ne fraught tarihi na birnin? Mene ne jan hankali yana?

Auschwitz

A birni ne dake kawai kilomita 60 daga Krakow. An located a Auschwitz Shefela kusa da wurin da Vistula River Sola da kuma fada Pshempsh. Yana wani karamin gari a Poland, wanda shi ne baƙin cikin shine shahara a ko'ina cikin duniya a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu kamar yadda Auschwitz. Ga kasance daya daga cikin mafi girma a maida hankali sansani.

Yau, birnin gida game da miliyan 40 mazaunan. Modern Auschwitz da aka tasowa a matsayin manyan kasuwanci da masana'antu na tsakiya na kasar. Kuma da mutane da kansu sun mayar da hankali a kan Yaren mutanen Poland pronunciation na sunan - "Auschwitz", maimakon da Jamusanci "Auschwitz", wanda ya tuna game da masifu na baya. Birnin yana da uku hukuma alamomin: tutar, alama da kuma logo. A birnin flag ne hoto na gashi na makamai a kan wani blue bango. Auschwitz gashi na makamai, dake nuna wani hasumiyar da mulufi rufin da biyu gaggafa a kan sãsanninku. The alama na gari da aka sanya a cikin 2002, a kan shi graphically, dake nuna adadi na kurciya - wata alama ce da zaman lafiya da hadin kai a tsakanin dukkan jinsi.

labarin

Wannan birni a Poland ya bayyana a cikin XII karni, kuma daga baya shi ne kusan gaba daya hallaka. A XIII karni shi aka mayar da nan da nan ya zama wani gari. Domin Auschwitz yi haƙuri takaddama tsakanin Jamhuriyar Czech da kuma Poland, a matsayin birni ya dade a cibiyar na gishiri sayarwa.

A XVI karni shi aka fara kafa mulkin mallaka Yahudawa. A karni daga baya da Polish sarki Władysław IV ba su da gata zauna gida, dama a kan bude majami'a da kuma hurumi filaye. By farkon XX karni Yahudawa zarcewa game da 40% na birane yawan jama'a.

A cikin XVIII karni, birnin ya zama wani ɓangare na da Austria Empire. Kamar yadda wani ɓangare na Poland ya dawo bayan yakin duniya na farko. A lokacin Austria mulki Auschwitz ya zama wata babbar Railway Junction, shi ne gina factory, makaranta, coci. Sashe na daga cikin birane gine na lokacin har yanzu kiyaye su.

Kafin yakin duniya na II, a Auschwitz, akwai fiye da 8000 Yahudawa. A 1939 sai ya shiga garin da Jamus sojojin, attaching da shi zuwa ga Uku Reich. Ga shirya wani taro sansanin. A birnin da aka 'yanci a shekarar 1945.

Tsohon Auschwitz sansanin

Wannan gari yana mai ziyarci shekara ta dubban mutane, don jin da yanayi da zarar ya ci sarauta tsõro a nan. Jamus kira shi Auschwitz. Shi ne sunan ga mutane da yawa shekaru makale a cikin duniya memory.

Nan da nan bayan kama daga Yaren mutanen Poland ƙasa ta Jamus sojojin shirya wani sansanin nan, wanda kunshi uku gidaje. Daruruwan dubban mutane aka sa a cramped barikin. A lokacin yakin, fiye da mutane miliyan aka kashe a Auschwitz, 90% na wanda sun kasance Yahũdãwa.

A garin da aka 'yanci a shekarar 1945, kuma a shekarar 1947, sansanin ya zama wani gidan kayan gargajiya. Yanzu Auschwitz kunshe a cikin World Heritage List. Shirya na gidan kayan gargajiya bar bariki, kuma barbed waya. Daban-daban haimõmi kishin daban-daban kasashe. A nan ne sabon shigarwa, tsohon hotuna, tufafi da sauran kayayyakinsu na fursunoni.

A daya haimõmi for gilashi bango ne a jam'i na takalma da kuma takalma na Auschwitz fursunoni. Yana da wani spectacle tsayawa ba kowane.

gani na gari

Waje da gidan kayan gargajiya sansanin rayuwa ci gaba. Beyond ganuwar da tsohon sansanin ne quite daban-daban - cute da cuddly Auschwitz. Gani na gari - shi ne wani hali Turai kunkuntar tituna da kuma zamanin da gine-gine.

A garin yana da wani castle gina a cikin XII karni. Shĩ ne mafi tsufa gini a Auschwitz. A castle aka located a kan wani tudu da ke kewaye da m itatuwa. A lokacin kai harin, da Tartars shi aka halaka. Kwafi Meshko II gina ta sake a XII karni, kewaye da garun a lokaci guda.

A Auschwitz akwai da dama tsohon majami'u. Alal misali, Church na ɗauka daga cikin Virgin Mary, ko da Virgin Mary Church of Nativity. A tsakiyar gari ne Town Hall da Market Square. Da hankali ne ya kõma da St. Jack ta Chapel da Church of Our Lady Memoirs Muminina.

Tafiya da titunan Auschwitz, za mu iya ganin mai yawa gidaje tare da isasshen ban sha'awa gine. Daga cikin abubuwan, akwai wani gidan Szymon Kluger - karshe Yahudawan da suke a birnin. Yanzu Yahudawa Museum aka located a cikin gidansa.

A cikin birnin su ne Ikklesiya da kuma Yahudawa da hurumi da kuma majami'ar Yahudawa Chevra Lomdey Mishnaes, kafa a 1918.

ƙarshe

Auschwitz - wani gari tare da dogon tarihi da kuma rikitarwa, wanda yana da bangarorin biyu. Daya gefen - da tsanani, kuma ban tausayi da, kamar yadda evidenced da tsohon taro sansanin. Wani - wannan tsoho tituna, gine-gine da waɗansu alãmõmi, kuma m yanayi.