Ayzek Azimov: fantastic halittu a cikin littattafai. The ayyukan Ayzeka Azimova kuma ta film karbuwa

Ayzek Azimov - daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci da kuma tasiri marubuta na America. Ya, tare da Robert Heinlein da Arturom Klarkom, wani ɓangare na abin da ake kira "Big Uku" da almarar kimiyya marubuta. Wannan al'amari yana nuna amincewa da mu abokan aiki da kuma na Giant taimako da cewa ya sanya wa wallafe-wallafe. Bugu da kari, da uku mai girma Masters almarar za a iya kira da kuma malamai na lokacin mu. Asimov da Clarke yi mai yawa don yada kimiyya.

Biography Ayzeka Azimova. Yara a Soviet Rasha

Petrovic (a halin yanzu Shumyachsky District) Smolensk yankin - wani wuri cewa yana ɗaukaka haihuwa Janairu 2, 1920 yaron da Ishaku, wanda daga baya ya zama mafi kyau almarar kimiyya marubuci na karni na 20th da Isaac Asimov. Daga baya ya ce ya aka haife a kan wannan ƙasa, Yuri Gagarin, sabili da haka har yanzu ji kamar idan ya tabbata ga kasashen biyu.

The mahaifin na marubuci, Yuda Azimov, shi ne a lokacin da wani ilimi mutum. A farko, ya aka tsunduma a cikin iyali kasuwanci, amma bayan juyin juya hali ya zama akawu. A marubuci uwa, Hannah, Rahila, ya kasance daga wasu manyan iyali da kuma aiki a cikin shagon.

ƙaura

Bayan haihuwar 'yarta a 1923. Ishaku iyaye sami wani gayyatar daga kawunsa, wanda ya dade da aka mayar da su cikin Amurka da kuma zauna a can. The iyali yanke shawarar da ya yi hijira zuwa {asar Amirka.

Ayzek Azimov jãyayya da cewa kafin zuwan zuwa Amurka, uwãyensa sun kasance Ozimovy sunan, amma shige da fice sabis jami'an sun rubuta su a matsayin Asimov da kuma canza sunan marubuci a American style. Sai ya wãyi gari Ishaku.

A iyaye ba su iya koyon Turanci da kyau, don haka don samun wani high-biya aiki bai yi aiki ba. Sa'an nan Yahuza ya sayi kananan kantin kayan miya da kuma bude wani fatauci. Amma gama ɗan bai so ya da wani rabo kananan m, da kuma yanke shawarar ba shi mai kyau ilimi. Isaac kansa karatu, da ni'ima, da kuma 5 shekaru iya ziyarci library.

Tare da isowa daga cikin likita baiwa bai yi aiki ba - kamar yadda ya juya waje, Asimov iya tsayawa ba wurin jini. A sa'an nan ya yanke shawarar shigar da Department of Chemistry, a Jami'ar Columbia.

Next wani nasara aiki. Ayzek Azimov zama farfesa, Masanin kuma ya soma koyarwa a Boston School of Medicine. A shekarar 1958, ya ba zato ba tsammani tsaya a nan ya kimiyya aiki. Amma sanannen lacca karanta a shekaru da dama.

Kamar yadda shi ya zama mai almarar kimiyya marubuci

Asimov fara rubuta kamar yaro. Wata rana abokinsa, bayan karanta farkon labarin, ya tambaye su ci gaba. Kuma a sa'an nan da nan gaba na almarar kimiyya marubuta, shi ya bayyana abin da ya yi wani abu ba zai yiwu ba.

A farko labarai Ayzeka Azimova da aka buga a 1939 by John Campbell, da almara da kuma edita discoverer na matasan. Shi ne na biyu da aka buga aiki - "The isowa na dare" - zama, bisa ga almarar kimiyya da Fantasy Writers of America, mafi kyau na dama halittun taba rubuta a duniya.

Mafi Books na marubuci

Mafi Books of Ayzeka Azimova almarar a cikin Genre - ne irin ayyukan da suna "The alloli Kansu", "Base" da kuma jerin "I, Robot." Amma ba haka ba dukan gagarumin halittun. Ba wanda zai iya samun mafi look zuwa nan gaba ga dubban shekaru gaba fiye da Ayzek Azimov. "The End of dawwama" - mafi kyau labari marubuci, sadaukar da matsala na tafiya lokaci.

m Asimov

Rubuta 500 littattafai - alama m. Mutane da yawa ba ma karanta sosai a rayuwata. Ayzek Azimov ba kawai ya rubuta, ya gudanar ya yi ko da wani babbar dama sauran lokuta. Ya kasance shugaban na Amirka, Humanist Association, tsunduma a cikin popularization na kimiyya, almarar kimiyya edita na mujallar da ake kira da sunansa. Ya bai amince da wallafe-wallafen da kuma jamiái fi son yin kasuwanci da kaina, wanda ya lokaci cinyewa. Asimov gudanar da zama a ta busiest shugaban maza kulob din. Ya yi duk abin da a kan lamiri. Ko kadan magana a kulob din, ya hankali tattalin. Akwai wani al'amarin da cewa ya zama m da sakamakon aikinsu.

Buga da ikon yinsa, daga cikin bukatun da marubuci. A baya, wani farfesa na Biochemistry, Asimov taba iyakance zuwa karatu kawai wannan filin na kimiyya. Yana sha'awar kome. Cosmology, futurology, harsuna, tarihi, harsuna, magani, Psychology, Anthropology - shi ne kawai karamin jerin ayukan hutu almarar kimiyya marubuci. Ya ba kawai sha'awar wadannan sciences, amma kuma tsanani karatu. Kuma da littafin Ayzeka Azimova, rubuta a cikin wadannan filayen na ilimi, ko da yaushe daidai da m a cikin AMINCI daga cikin kayan ƙaddamar.

kimiyya popularization aiki

A cikin tsakiyar 1950s, Asimov fara rubuta aikin jarida, tsunduma a cikin popularization na kimiyya. Littafinsa na "Chemistry of Life" matasa da babban rabo mai girma tare da masu karatu, da kuma ya gane cewa rubutu shirin aiki yana da sauki, kuma mafi ban sha'awa fiye da art. Ya kuma rubuta wa babban yawan mujallar kimiyya articles a kan lissafi, kimiyyar lissafi, sunadarai, ilmin taurari. Mafi yawan aikinsa da aka mayar da hankali a kan yara da kuma matasa. A don su samar da Azimov gaya matasa masu karatu game da tsanani abubuwa.

-rubuce Asimov

A marubuci ne mafi kyau da aka sani a duniya godiya ga ayyukansa a cikin Genre na fantasy kuma Sufi. 'Yan mutane san cewa Ayzek Azimov - marubucin yawa ayyuka a cikin nau'i na rare kimiyya wallafe-wallafe. Jifar iri-iri da zai amfane shi.

Shahararren almarar kimiyya marubuci ya rubuta wani littafi game da tarihin yankin gabas ta tsakiya, Yunƙurin da fall na Roman Empire, tseren da kwayoyin halitta, juyin halitta na sararin samaniya da kuma cikin asiri na supernovas. Ya halitta "A Short Tarihi na Biology", inda a cikin wani nishadi form yi magana game da ci gaban da wannan kimiyya, tun lokacin da. Wani aiki, "The mutum kwakwalwa", humorously ya bayyana tsarin da kuma aiki na tsakiya m tsarin. Har ila yau a cikin littafin ƙunshi mutane da yawa m labaru game da ci gaban kimiyya psihobiohimii.

Mutane da yawa daga cikin littattafan da marubuci kawai bukatar karanta wa yara. Daya daga cikinsu - "Popular tiyata." Ayzek Azimov ya gaya daki-daki, game da ban mamaki tsarin da jikin mutum. A cikin halayyar hanya tare da sauƙi ga magana game da wuya abubuwa marubucin yayi kokarin janye da karatu ta sha'awa cikin ilmin jikin mutum.

Non-fiction littafin da aka rubuta Ayzeka Azimova ko da yaushe m, m harshe. Shi ne iya magana game da wuya sosai abubuwa fun da kuma ban sha'awa.

Forecast nan gaba. Abin da ya je daga annabta marubuci

A wani lokaci mai Popular topic ya Hasashen na nan gaba na bil'adama da aka sani mawallafa almarar kimiyya. Musamman mai yawa daban-daban hanyar al'amura da aka samarwa a Asimov da Arturom Klarkom. A ra'ayin shi ne ba sabon. By Jules Verne a cikin rubuce-rubucen da ya bayyana da yawa binciken da aka yi da mutumin har sai da yawa daga baya.

A request na jaridar "The New York Times" a shekarar 1964, Ayzek Azimov sanya wani Hasashen game da yadda duniya za ta kama a cikin shekaru 50, a 2014. Wannan alama abin mamaki bane, amma mafi almarar kimiyya ko zaton zo gaskiya, ko annabta sosai da sosai. Hakika, wannan ba wani Hasashen a wani m nau'i nasu karshe game da nan gaba daga mutãne marubuci sanya a kan tushen da data kasance fasahar. Duk da haka, da daidaito da ya kalamai ne lissafi na ban.

Abin da ya zo gaskiya:

1. TV a 3D.
2. Cooking za a sarrafa kansa a hanyoyi masu yawa. A kitchen, sunã da wata na'urar "avtogotovki" aiki.
3. Yawan jama'ar duniya zai kai biliyan 6 kasashen waje.
4. A lokacin wata hira da wani a zangon, shi za a iya gani. Phones za šaukuwa kuma za a bayar da wani allo. Tare da zai yiwu ya yi aiki tare da hotuna da kuma karanta littattafai. Da tauraron dan adam taimaka a tuntube da wani mutum a ko'ina a cikin duniya.
5. Butun-butumi ba su samu m rarraba.
6. Dabara za su yi aiki ba tare da wani lantarki igiyar for batura ko accumulators.
7. Mutumin bai kasa kan Mars, amma shirin za a halitta domin ta mulkin mallaka.
8. Yana zai yi amfani da hasken rana.
9. nazarin kimiyyar kwamfuta za a gabatar a makarantu.
10. Za rayayye ci gaba da Arctic da kuma hamada, kazalika da wani karkashin ruwa shiryayye.

Films dangane da ayyukan Ayzeka Azimova. Cikin shahararrun fim karbuwa

'Yan marubuta yayi fariya cewa su littattafai yi wahayi zuwa gare yan fim don ƙirƙirar fina-finai dangane da su. The ayyukan Ayzeka Azimova yin fim akai-akai.

A 1999, fuska fita "Bicentennial Man", yin fim a kan labari da co-Silverberg da Asimov ta "Positron mutum." Kuma kafuwar wata karamar labarin marubuci na wannan sunan kamar yadda hoton da aka harba. The matsaloli hade tare da fitowan na mutummutumi a nan gaba, ko da yaushe damu game da almarar. Zai yiwu juyin halitta na wucin gadi da hankali, da alama na adawa da bil'adama, tsaro mutummutumi, tsõro daga gare su, Adam - kewayon al'amurran da suka shafi tashe ta Azimov a cikin aikinsa ne sosai m.

Wannan fim yana dauke da wani da ban sha'awa sosai matsala: idan robot iya zama mutum. A protagonist na tef - android Andrew, brilliantly taka leda Robinom Uilyamsom.

A 2004 zo da wani babban movie - "I, Robot." Ayzeka Azimova yana dauke da marubucin da labari na wannan sunan, daga abin da aka cire. A gaskiya, da mãkirci na hotuna dauka daga dukan sake zagayowar na marubuci na littattafai game da mutummutumi. Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin mafi nasara adaptations da ayyukan Asimov, wanda shi ne sosai daidai ake bayyana matsalolin da ya consistently tashe a cikin aikinsa.

A wannan lokaci, da fim hulda da matsalar na ci gaba na wucin gadi m. Dokokin na Robotics Ayzeka Azimova ƙirƙira su a 1942, za su taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin mãkirci. A cewar su, da robot ake bukata don kare mutane kuma ba ya cutar su. Ya dole ne ku yi ɗã'ã ga duk kan mai shi, idan shi ba ya karya mafi muhimmanci dokar yaro- - da mutum mutum.

A cikin fim Artificial Intelligence Wiki, kwakwalwa ta mafi girma a kamfanoni don samar da mutummutumi, a hankali ta faro da kuma zo ga ƙarshe cewa mutãne ne wajibi ne don kare kanta daga kansa, in ba haka ba mutane za su hallaka dukan kõme. Tare da sabon da kuma inganta jerin mutummutumi, ya kama da dukan birnin. A lokaci guda ya kashe fararen hula. A protagonist jami'in Del Spooner da abokansa a fuskar kamfanin da kuma ma'aikata na robot Sonny halaka da wiki. A fim ma mugun shafi da matsalar kin amincewa da wadannan inji mutane shakka su.

Wani sanannun karbuwa daga cikin littafin Ayzeka Azimova "faɗuwar rana" - da movie "Black Hole" tare da Vin Diesel a cikin suna rawa. Wannan ne mai matukar free fasara da marubuci ayyukan, kusan kome ba a na kowa da asali version.

Bugu da kari ga wadannan uku shahara allo adaptations, a kan marubuci ta ayyukan da aka ma halitta movie "faɗuwar rana", "The End of dawwama" da "son android".

Kyaututtkan

Asimov ya alfahari da ta ciyo lambar yabo, musamman a fagen fantasy. Suna da wani babbar dama, kuma shi ne ba abin mamaki ba, ba da m iya aiki domin aikin na marubuci, kuma ya bibliography 500 rubuta ayyukansu. Ya samu dama awards, "Hugo" da "Nebula", aka bayar da Foundation of Thomas Edison Alva. Saboda aikinsa a fagen sunadarai Azimov aka bayar da American Chemical Society.

A shekarar 1987, da "Nebula" Azimov mika Prize tare da ban mamaki wording - "babban maigida."

Personal rayuwar wani marubuci

Ayzek Azimov ya cin nasara a matsayin marubuci, amma marubuci ta sirri rai kuwa shi ba ko da yaushe Rosy. A 1973, bayan shekaru 30 na aure, ya saki matarsa. Daga wannan aure biyu yara bar. A wannan shekara ya auri tsohon aboki Janet Dzheppson.

A karshe shekaru na marubuci ta rayuwa

Ya rayu ba sosai da matsayin da kasashen yammacin duniya - 72 years. A shekarar 1983 Asimov yana tiyata - kewaye tiyata a kan zuciya. A lokacin da shi, marubucin aka kamu da HIV ta hanyar jini. Babu daya da ake zargin reoperation lokacin da a kan jarrabawa ya kamu da cutar AIDS. Da cutar ya kai ga na koda gazawar, da kuma Afrilu 6, 1992 babban marubuci ya rasu.