Bread rabon abinci a kewaye Leningrad: rabon abinci kawancen

Bread rabon abinci a kewaye Leningrad Su aka fayyace ga sashe daban-daban na al'ummar jihar. Da shi shi ne kawai da surest hanya zuwa ga rarraba kayayyakin, wanda ya ba da bege ga rai. Yadda aka zai yiwu a tsira a cikin sanyi, da kewaye birni, ya sa hannuwanku a kan kawai 125 grams burodi a rana? Amsar wannan tambaya da yake a cikin babban ikon ruhu maza daga cikin lokaci da kuma mabuwayi addini a nasara. The Siege na Leningrad - wani labarin cewa, kana bukatar ka sani kuma ka tuna da feat a cikin sunan mutane suka miƙa hadayu da rayukansu da kuma tsira da mafi m kewaye a tarihin 'yan adam.

Kawancen: Historical Fage

900 kwanaki, wanda dade daga Satumba 1941 zuwa Janairu 1944, ta gangara a tarihi a matsayin mafi ban tausayi kwanaki cewa da'awar akalla 800,000 rayuwar mazauna wannan birni.

Birnin Leningrad, ya shagaltar da wani muhimmin wuri a cikin sharuddan na Jamus umurnin, wanda aka kira "Barbarossa". Bayan duk wannan birni, bisa ga kafa dabarun na Jamus Field Marshal Paulus, ya riga shan na Moscow. Hitler shirin da aka gazawa. Kare Birnin Leningrad, aka ba a yarda ya kama birnin. Ya juya a cikin wani impregnable sansanin soja Birnin Leningrad, ya dade da aka gudanar da motsi na da Jamus sojojin a cikin kasar.

A kewaye birnin da yaƙi, kuma da Jamus sun fara rayayye hallaka Birnin Leningrad, nauyi manyan bindigogi da kuma jirgin sama.

A mafi tsanani fitina

Yunwa - cewa daga abin da mafi yawan shafa da yawan Leningrad. By da kewaye birni aka rufe duk hanyar, da sanya shi yiwu ya sadar da kayayyakin. Mutanen Birnin Leningrad, aka bar shi kadai tare da su matsaloli.

Bread rabon abinci a kewaye Birnin Leningrad, sun sauka 5 sau. Yunwa saboda gaskiyar cewa a lokacin da kawancen a cikin birni ba su da isasshen abinci da man. Lake Ladoga - kadai hanyar da cewa ya yiwu abinci ceto, amma da yiwuwar wannan hanyar fasakwauri kayayyakin bai sadu da bukatun da mazauna Leningrad.

Mass yunwa da aka wuya ko da tsanani hunturu, dubban daruruwan mutane ba su iya tsira a cikin kewaye birni.

rabon abinci na Leningrad

Fiye da miliyan 2 fararen hula da suke zaune a Birnin Leningrad, a lokacin da kawancen. Lokacin da abokan gāba suka fara rayayye hallaka birnin, da dakarun, hare-haren da gobara sun zama na yau da kullum, da yawa kokarin bar birnin. Duk da haka, duk da hanyoyi da aka katange dogara.

A kan samuwa jihar gona filayen kewaye birni a hankali tattara duk abin da za a iya ci abinci. Amma wadannan matakan da ake ba da ceto daga yunwa. Riga Nuwamba 20 da abincin sojoji burodi a kewaye Birnin Leningrad, ya aka yanke karo na biyar. Bayan gurasa, mutane kusan kome. Wannan shi ne lokacin da na fara rabon abinci mai tsanani yunwa lokaci a cikin tarihi na Birnin Leningrad.

Da gaskiya game da yunwar: tarihi takardun

A lokacin yakin, salla yunwa na Leningrad boye facts. tsaro na birnin shugabannin a kowane hanya kange fitowan da bayanai game da bala'i a jarida. Lokacin da yaki ya ƙare, kawancen na Leningrad aka gani a matsayin bala'i. Duk da haka, matakan da gwamnatin dauki dangane da shawo kan yunwa, da wuya ya biya wani da hankali.

Yanzu tarin takardun dawo da na'urar daga Birnin Leningrad, archives sa shi yiwuwa a zubar da haske a kan wannan tambaya.

Zubarwa haske a kan bayanai kan "Tsentrzagotzerno" ofishin yunwa a Birnin Leningrad. Daga wannan daftarin aiki, wanda sanar da game da matsayi na hatsi kayayyaki a karo na biyu da rabi na 1941, za ka iya ganin cewa a watan Yuli na wannan shekara, halin da ake ciki tare da hatsi kayayyaki sun m. Don haka an yanke shawarar komawa zuwa Port steamers tare da hatsi da aka fitar dashi.

Duk da yake akwai yiwuwar na reluwe a gaggawa yanayin a cikin birnin da aka hawa qagaggun a cikin abin da hatsi ya. Wadannan ayyuka da gudummawar da cewa har Nuwamba 1941 da burodi a masana'antu aiki ba tare da katsewa.

Abin da ya jagoranci rufi dogo mahada

A halin da ake ciki soja kawai bukaci cewa abinci kullum raba abinci a kewaye Birnin Leningrad, aka ƙara. Duk da haka, a lokacin da jirgin dangane aka rufe, abinci albarkatun sun ragu sosai. Tuni a cikin Satumba 1941, da Abinci ta kara tsaurara matakan austerity.

Da abincin sojoji burodi ga mazauna kewaye Birnin Leningrad, ya sharply rage. Domin lokacin daga Satumba zuwa Nuwamba na shekarar farko na yaki da ma'aikata suka samu 800 g, ya fara fitowa ne kawai 250 na ma'aikata suke tsiwurwurin 600 g, rage da abincin sojoji ga 125, wannan adadin na burodi da kuma fara ba da 'ya'ya waɗanda suka yi a baya dogara 400 gari

A cewar taƙaitawar da NKVD na Leningrad yankin, da mace-mace mazauna sharply karu. Musamman baƙin ciki kawancen mutane fiye da 40 shekara da jarirai.

Dates ragewan matsayin gurasa a cikin kewaye Leningrad

Da abincin sojoji burodi ga al'ummar jihar wanzu kafin kawancen. A cewar Siyasa takardun, a kan Satumba 2, 1941 mafi (800 g) da aka samu soja da kuma aiki a zafi shagunan. 200 g na zaci aiki kasa, aiki a masana'antu. Da rabi na soldering zafi aiki shuka shirya ma'aikata rabon abinci daga abin da yake 400 yara da kuma wadanda suke karkashin aka bai 300 g gurasa.

11 Satumba, a kan 4th rana na kawancen, dukan dokokin da bayarwa da abincin sojoji ga ma'aikata da ma'aikata da aka rage ta 100 g

Oktoba 1, 1941 burodi nagartacce a kewaye Birnin Leningrad, aka sake rage: ga ma'aikata a 100 g, ga yara da kuma wadanda suke karkashin aka bai 200 g

Nuwamba 13 ya yanke wani rates. Kuma bayan kwanaki 7, 20 Nuwamba, an sake yanke shawarar mai tsanani tattalin arzikin hatsi hannun jari. A m burodi rabon abinci a kewaye Leningrad An gano - 125 g

A lokacin daga 20 ga watan Nuwamba zuwa 25 ga Disamba, 1941 yana dauke da mafi wuya a cikin tarihi na kewaye, domin shi ne lokacin da rabon abinci da aka rage zuwa m. A wannan lokacin, da jami'ai, da yara, da wadanda suke karkashin samu a total na 125 grams burodi, 250 grams na ma'aikatan yi imani, da wadanda suka yi aiki a cikin zafi shagunan - 375 Weekend burodi rabon abinci a kewaye Birnin Leningrad, shi ne cewa da dama mazauna birnin ba zai iya tsira da wannan lokaci. Tare da wani abinci da kayayyaki, mutane da aka yi masa hukuncin kisa. Bayan duk, ƙari ga cinkin 125 g kewaye gurasa, su da kõme ba. Kuma wannan sa da abincin sojoji saboda hare-haren ba su da yaushe bayar.

A ranar 25 ga Disamba, na kullum burodi rabon abinci ga dukan nau'i-nau'i daga samar da yawan jama'a ya fara girma, shi ya ba ba kawai a tilasta wa 'yan kasa, amma kuma da imani da nasara a kan abokan gaba.

Bread rabon abinci a kewaye Birnin Leningrad, aka ƙara saboda da wadanda ke fama da mutane da yawa suka bayar da aiki na Road na Life fadin Lake Ladoga. Makiya damƙar shelled ceto tashar, wanda a yarda ba kawai don daidaita samar da hatsi cikin birnin, amma kuma fitad da yawan jama'a. Sau da yawa m kankara shi ne dalilin da cewa na'ura tare da hatsi kawai nutsar.

A 1942, da hatsi daga kasa daga cikin lake fara samun iri iri. Jaruntakar aiki na wadannan mutane, saboda su yi aiki a karkashin maƙiyi wuta. Da farko, hatsi buckets debo da hannu. Daga baya ga wannan dalili muka yi amfani da wani musamman famfo da aka tsara don gona tsaftacewa.

Daga abin da burodi da aka gasa kawancen

Hannun jari na hatsi a cikin birnin da aka kadan. Saboda haka, kawancen burodi da aka sosai daban-daban daga gargajiya gasa samfurin domin mu. Lokacin da yin burodi gari ya kara da cewa a daban-daban inedible impurities domin ya ceci babban bangaren na girke-girke. Ya kamata a lura cewa sau da yawa inedible impurities ya fiye da rabi.

Don rage amfani da gari, giya samar aka katse daga 23 ga watan Satumba. All hannun jari na sha'ir, bran, malt da waken soya da aka aiko zuwa Bakeries. Tun a watan Satumba 24, da burodi fara ƙara oat husks, cellulose, kuma daga baya wholemeal ƙura.

Bayan 25 ga Disamba, 1941 impurities daga kusan bace. Amma abu mafi muhimmanci - daga wannan lokacin a kan burodi rabon abinci a kewaye Birnin Leningrad, wanda photos za a iya gani a cikin labarin da aka ƙara.

Facts da Figures

A lokacin da kawancen a kan ƙasa na smoothly yin burodi Bakeries 6.

Daga farkon na kawancen burodi gasa daga gari, wanda aka kara malt, hatsi da waken soya. Game da 8000 ton na malt da kuma 5000 ton na hatsi da aka yi amfani da matsayin edible kazamta.

Daga baya, an gano cottonseed ci abinci a cikin adadin 4 dubu tons. Masana kimiyya sun gudanar da dama gwaje-gwajen da suka nuna cewa a high zafin jiki da mai guba abu dauke a cikin abun da ke ciki na cake, an hallaka. Saboda haka a cikin kewaye burodi fara shigar da ƙarin da cottonseed abinci.

Shekaru wuce, ya bar mutane da suka halarta m lokaci, ke da labarin. Kuma da zarar mun sami damar adana memory na m kawancen, wanda ya lashe birnin Leningrad. Ka tuna! Domin feat tsira da matattu mazauna Leningrad!