Cactus mazaunin. A ina ne cacti ke girma? Haihuwar cikin cactus na cikin gida

Cacti - raba iyali na flowering perennials na tsari Gvozdichtsvetnye. An raba su zuwa kananan yara hudu. An yi imanin cewa juyin halitta ya nuna kusan shekaru miliyan 40 da suka wuce. Duk da haka, burbushin da ba a taɓa samo asali ba. Masana kimiyya sun karkata zuwa yi imani da cewa da haifuwa na murtsunguwa daki, ga wannan al'amarin, da kuma sauran iri - South America, kuma ya bayyana a gwada kwanan nan, game da miliyan 10 da suka wuce. Kuma sai kawai ya fara yada a fadin Arewacin Amirka.

A yau, wadannan tsire-tsire suna da kyau a cikin magoya bayan furen ciki. Bugu da ƙari, akwai jita-jita da dama da suke ɗaukar radiation na lantarki daga kayan aiki na gida. Saboda haka, mutane da yawa sun sa su kusa da kwamfutar su. Duk da haka, masana kimiyya basu tabbatar da wannan bayanin ba.

Ƙayyade na cacti

Wadannan tsire-tsire suna raba kashi hudu a cikin kananan yara hudu: Perovski, Opuntia, Mauhieni da Cactus. Sun bambanta ba kawai dangane da bayanai na waje ba, amma kuma a cikin wasu siffofin.

Perovski ne mai haɗin juyin halitta wanda ke haɗa cacti da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire. Wannan shi ne jinsin shrubs tare da wadanda ba succulent mai tushe da kuma cikakken ganye. Opuntia sun rage ganye, succulent mai tushe da kuma musamman spines - glochidia. Su ne ƙananan ƙananan ruɓaɓɓe, da wuya da kuma kaifi tare da serrate serrations. Shuka cikin damun, shiga cikin ciki na dabbobi, haifar da fushi. Duk abin subfamily kama tsarin tsaba da kuma flower siffar.

Habitat na cactus na subfamily Mauhieni yafi - Patagonia. Tsire-tsire suna kama da Opuntia waje, amma ba tare da glochidia ba. Suna da bishiyoyi masu kwalliya kuma sun yi shela. Cacti hada sauran nau'in wannan shuka. Ba su da ganye, sai dai ga kananan rassan a kan akwati. Babu glochidia, ko dai. Wannan subspecies hada epiphytic shuke-shuke da yawa xerophytes.

A real yaduwa

A ina ne cacti ke girma? Babban mazauninsu shine ƙauyuka na Arewa da Kudancin Amirka. Mafi yawan nau'ikan iri-iri ne a Mexico, Peru, Bolivia, Chile da Argentina. Za a iya samun su a Afirka da Asiya. An kawo jinsin da yawa zuwa Spain, Italy, Faransa, Australia, Indiya da Rasha. Ko da yake wurin haifuwa na murtsunguwa dakin - South America, zai ɗauki tushen a kusan kowane nahiyar ta hanyar samar da yanayi dole domin ta aiki. Alal misali, wannan shuka baya son sanyi.

Cacti yana zaune ne a cikin tsaunuka masu duwatsu, yana dacewa da yanayin saurin yanayi. Alal misali, mammillaria, neobesia, escobaria, telocactus da wasu nau'in. Akwai tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire a cikin tsararraki. A can za ku iya samun Cereuses da Opuntias. Amma ba koyaushe mazaunin cactus ba ne hamada. Ana samuwa sau da yawa a cikin gandun daji na wurare masu zafi. Sakamakon bambancin irin wannan tsire-tsire shi ne rashin cikakkiyar ƙaya.

Cactus adaptability zuwa mazaunin

Yanayi ya ba da raunin cactus. A kansu ruwa yana gudana zuwa ga asalinsu, wanda aka ƙera don ya adana kamar yadda ya kamata. Zasu iya zama har zuwa mita 5 a kusa da shuka. Bugu da kari, asalin tushen da aka sanya a ciki ba sa rayar da kuma danshi daga ƙasa.

Hanya ta cactus zuwa mazaunin ya dogara ne akan yankin girma. Alal misali, saboda spheroidiness, karamin evaporation na danshi ya samu. Kuma haƙarƙarin da ke kan tushe hana hanawar fasa. Daga cactus rana mai zafi yana adana lokacin fata. Wasu nau'o'i suna rufe da yawa daga cikin ƙaya da na villi, suna samar da inuwa mai karewa. Ga tsire-tsire da "rayuwa" a cikin rami, yanayin ya samar da rashin ganyayyaki don adana ruwan sha.

Desert cacti

Su ne mafi mahimmanci da rashin tabbaci ga yanayin da ke kewaye a cikin dukan cacti. Akwai manyan jigogi uku na waɗannan tsire-tsire:

1. Echinopsis. Wadannan su ne cacti tare da tsayayyen ƙayayyu, wanda ke tafiya a cikin layuka, kuma zagaye mai tushe.
2. Opuntia. Tsire-tsire suna da leaf-dimbin yawa flattened mai tushe, kama da kore pancakes.
3. Astrophytum. Ana wakilta wakilansa da tsirrai mai tushe da kuma bunkasa ƙaya.

Cacti a cikin hamada, a matsayin mai mulkin, yana da mai karfi mai karfi da kuma yawan masu tsinkaye. A wannan yanayin suna da dogon lokaci mai tsawo.

Cactus shuke-shuke

Wadannan jinsunan suna dwarfish kuma suna da ɗan gajeren sarari. Za su iya girma a kan guda taga sill a cikin dama. Su, da sauran 'yan'uwansu, sun rarrabu zuwa gandun daji da hamada. Cikin cikin ciki - waɗannan su ne dwarf kofe na cacti girma a yanayin. Wasu daga cikinsu sun samu ta hanyar tsallaka nau'in jinsin. Gida - mafi haɓaka kuma yana buƙatar kulawa. Mahimmanci, masu sha'awar fure suna buƙatar karamin karamin kore.

Sunan jinsuna na cikin gida

Sunan cacti suna da ban sha'awa, kuma 'yan suna da su ta kunne. Ga waɗannan lambun itatuwa sune tseren Echinopsis, Peruvian, echinocereus Knippel, apocatactus whitish, echinocactus Crowna, yarinya woolly, astrofitum capricornus, hametzereus Sylvester, zane-zane na zinariya da fure, prickly pear, noctoktus, pereskaya (daya samfurin da ganye), dwarfish da wasu Sauran.

Don amfanin jiki na cikin gida, mai kyau phylocactus yana da ganye nama. Flowers suna da yawa kuma suna da launi - daga fari zuwa purple. Suna ninka ta hanyar cuttings da tsaba. Ƙaunar hasken, a lokacin rani kana buƙatar mai kyau watering da spraying. An yi la'akari da Epiphyllum mafi kyau cikin cactus na cikin gida. Yana da matukar wuya, furanninsa sun bambanta da launin launi: daga farar fata zuwa ja-ja. A lokacin rani, waɗannan cacti ya kamata a ajiye a wurare masu haske, amma ba a bayyana su ga hasken rana kai tsaye ba. Suka haifa ta hanyar cuttings.

Lokacin da cactuses fure

Wadannan tsire-tsire suna da kyau a kansu. Amma duk da haka yana da kyau a ga yadda suke fure, wanda yake da wuya. Akwai ra'ayi cewa bayan wannan shuka ya mutu, amma kuskure ne. Cacti lafiya ya ba furanni kowace shekara. Yawanci ya dogara da yanayin da suke ƙunshe.

Domin su yi fure, suna bukatar tsarin ingantacciyar tsarin. Kuma inji dole ne a kasance cikin yanayin ci gaba. Cacti wanda ba shi da asalin rayuwa ba za'a ba furanni ba. A gare su, saman miya ake bukata - potassium phosphate. Amma sau da yawa yana da cutarwa. Wajibi ne a cikin sanyi, wuri mai bushe, kuma a lokacin rani - samun iska mai yawa. Don samun zaman lafiya da hasken rana, sun isa kimanin uku zuwa shida a rana. Ya dogara da nau'in nau'in. Zuwa rãnã, dole ne a sauya shuka a kowane gefe.

Mafi yawan cacti

Wadannan tsire-tsire suna iya kaiwa manyan masu girma dabam. A ina ne cacti zai fi girma? A Amurka, ana iya samuwa a cikin adadi mai yawa ba kawai a cikin hamada ba, har ma a tituna. Sau da yawa sukan girma sosai fiye da ci gaban mutum, kuma mutane da ke tsaye tare da irin wannan gwanin da ke kusa da juna suna nuna kawai "kwari". Yalwa da yawa a cikin hamada za a iya saduwa da wuya, akasari a kan karkata, amma ba a tsakiyar ba. Za su iya girma don su yi kama da itatuwa. Irin wannan cacti adana babban adadin ruwa a cikin sautin nama. Sau da yawa suna girma a cikin yankuna.

Ta yaya cacti ke girma?

Bred a gida za su iya zama ta amfani da tsaba, da hanyar hanyar yaduwa. A cikin akwati na farko, harbe ya bayyana cikin mako guda, a wasu nau'in - ko da bayan wata daya. Ana shuka mafi kyau a cikin bazara, a tsakiyar ko kuma a ƙarshen kakar. An saka dako tare da tsaba a kan dumama, kuma yawan zafin jiki ana kiyaye shi a digiri 25-30. Mutane da yawa suna amfani da kayan lambu na cikin gida ko greenhouses, tun da yake wuraren da ke cikin cactus ne mafi yawan ƙasashe masu dumi.

An saka ƙasar don yin shuka a kan tsabar tsawa. Ta zuba tsaba da kuma guga man daga sama da karamin plank. An saka kwano a cikin ruwa mai dumi, don haka ruwa ya shiga ramukan magudanai kuma ya yi tsabta sosai. Ya kamata a kiyaye shi daga hasken rana kai tsaye. Da zarar na farko harbe ya bayyana, watering an rage. Ana yin bate-bane bayan da spines suka bayyana.

Har ila yau an yi amfani da cututtuka a cikin bazara, shan magunguna ko babba. Ana zuba ma'aunin kwantar da ruwa a cikin tukunya, kuma ƙasa tana zubo daga sama. Ya kamata a yanka cututtuka tare da wuka mai maƙarƙashiya kuma a bushe shi da kyau har sati daya. Bayan haka, shuka a cikin yashi a zurfin 1 cm. Sa'an nan kuma tare da kwalba. Watering fara ne kawai bayan da cactus ya fara, kuma har zuwa wannan lokaci duniya kawai an shafe shi kawai. Za a iya shirya cututtuka a gaba a cikin kaka kuma adana har zuwa bazara a busassun yashi.

Dabbobi da siffofin

Cactus mazauni - m Places, kuma yanayi ya kula da cewa sun dace da shi. Wadannan tsire-tsire za su iya raba zuwa kungiyoyi da yawa, wanda ya bambanta ba kawai a cikin bayyanar ba, amma har ma game da girma daga gidan:

• Tare da ganye;
• Coral;
• Leaf-dimbin yawa;
• Globular;
• Papillary;
• Fig;
• Elongated;
• Tsaya;
• Ƙunƙwasawa;
• Sauran suna daga cikin ƙananan nau'i.

Star-dimbin yawa astrophytum: bayanin da cactus

Yana nufin ƙananan jinsin halittu. An dauke shi a matsayin ainihin lu'u-lu'u tsakanin cacti. An bayyana shi da kyakkyawan fure mai tsayi, wanda zai iya wucewa a duk lokacin rani. Ya kasance marar kyau, yana son ƙaunar da hasken rana a lokacin rani, da kuma hunturu - sanyi da bushewa. Wannan cactus ke tsiro sosai sannu a hankali. Yana da matukar wuya a samu: astrophytum daidai masks. Yana daidaita da yankin da ke kewaye da shi kuma ya haɗu da wuri mai faɗi. Za a iya ɗaukar nau'in duwatsu ko wasu tsire-tsire.