Gidaje da wuraren shakatawa na kasa: asalin halitta mai suna Sayano-Shushensky

All yanayi reserves da kasa Parks ne sananne ga m sasanninta untouched, ruwan tekun Atlantika yanayi da m halitta shimfidar. A cikin Sayano-Shushensky, kamar zane, ra'ayoyi mai ban mamaki. An rufe shi da gandun dajin wuta, ƙananan dutse masu tsayi da tsalle-tsalle masu tsallewa a kan iyakar Yenisei, a kan ruwa wanda ke nan kuma a can za ku iya ganin ɗakunan mahalli. Local Sayan, Yenisei siffatawa, karfi da reminiscent na Norwegian fjords.

Location na Sayano-Shushensky Reserve

A cikin Yankin Krasnoyarsk, a gefen yammacin Yenisei, wurin ajiyar halittu na Sayano-Shushensky ya shimfiɗa a tsakiyar wani wuri mai banƙyama tare da manyan tsaunukan dutse. Ya rufe yankunan Sayan da Naked Mountains, da kuma wani ɓangare na tsaunin dutse kafa ta Khemchik da kuma Kantegir ranges.

Yankin kariya na yanayin ya danganta da yankin Shushensky, yankin Ermakovskiy da Jamhuriyar Tuva. Daga ƙauyen Shushenskoe zuwa gare shi - kilomita 300. An shirya tsararren a kusa da tafkin da aka yi akan mutum - Sayano-Shushensky tafkin.

Ayyukansa shi ne ya biyo bayan tasirin gwaji na duniya a kan yanayin halittu, don magance lalacewa daga tasowa ruwa a cikin tafkin ruwa, don kiyaye yanayin halittu masu ban sha'awa da na al'ada da aka kafa don dubban shekaru a cikin Western Sayans.

Abubuwa na al'ada

Reserve Sayano-Shushenskaya - gefen kusan undeveloped halitta tsarin. Tana buƙata da wildness da budurwa na yanayi marar kyau. Yankuna a nan suna da bambanci. Kwancen coniferous mai duhu yana maye gurbin maye gurbin tsautsaye masu tsauni. Yankunan daji sun kasance kusan kashi 60 cikin 100 na yankin. A sauran ɗakunan akwai wurare na dutse, alkama da labulen dutse.

Ƙaƙwalwar yana mamaye wuraren shimfiɗar dutse. A cikin fadin sararin samaniya wanda ya rufe kadada 390,000, babban dutsen tsaunuka na yamma Sayan ya shimfidawa. Kushchi, Sayan, Kantegir, Ijir da sauran jeri sun kafa shi, wanda ya kunshi dutsen dawakai.

Tsarin ruwa, wanda magajin garin Sayano-Shushensky yake da shi, ya samo asali ne daga kogin tsaunuka masu tasowa, koguna masu kyan ganiyar ruwa, kogin ruwa na tafkin Sayano-Shushensky da ma'adinai na ma'adinai. Ruwa, tare da gidan samar da wutar lantarki wanda ke kasancewa da yawa, yana tafiya tare da gefen gabas na yanayin kare kariya. A cikin kogin Idik-Tyk-Khem, inda aka samo asalinsa, ruwan teku, narkewa da kuma wankewa ba a kan dutse masu wuya ba, ya kafa manyan karst, masu motsa jiki da tsalle.

Flora

Yankin Sayano-Shushenskaya na kariya ta yanayi, kamar sauran wuraren ajiya da kuma wuraren shakatawa na kasa, yana cikin haɗuwa da yankunan floristic. Turarsa tana da nau'i mai nau'i. Tsakanin Arewacin cike da ciyayi na yankin Sayano-Altai ne, kuma a kudu - tsakiyar Asiya. Yankunan daban-daban na Sayan ridge suna haɗuwa.

A cikin tsire-tsire masu girma tsire-tsire daga Red Book, tsire-tsire. A nan, sararin irin wadannan endemics kamar bluegrass Altai da wheatgrass Krylov. Yanayi masu kyau don bunkasa Borodin da kuma Yenisei da Baikal. Kasashen da ake ajiyewa suna rufe gidan ɗakin Bunge kuma tare da bugurgu da aka soke.

Akwai kayan lambu mai mahimmanci a cikinta. Maralem da tushen tushen zinariya, wadanda suke a kan gine-ginen kafin a kafa wurin ajiye garin Sayano-Shushensky, yanzu babu wani abu da ke barazana. Relict ciyayi da aka wakilta a nan Dahurian rhododendron da core touchy. Akwai sasanninta a yanayin kare kariya wanda ya dace da ci gaban mai labarun da kuma sauyin gabashin gabas.

Fauna

An adana wuraren ajiyar albarkatun halittu na Sayano-Shushensky tare da gandun daji masu duhu na taiga. Cedars, spruce da fir sun mamaye a nan. Babban kafofin watsa labarun da suka zama nauyin nauyi shi ne gandun daji na cedar - masu mallakar wadataccen kayan abinci da ake bukata don rayuwar dabbobi. Yawancin dabbobi iri iri, ba abinci ba, suna samar da yankuna masu yawa, yawancin yawan mutanen da suke da yawa.

Cibiyar Altai, Mongolian da Sayan fauna sun tabbatar da wadatawar fauna a cikin yanayin kariya. Kasashen nan na musamman Sayano-Shushenskiy ya zama mazaunin nau'in jinsunan dabbobi 50 da kuma nau'in kwari 660. Yanayin da aka samu sun kai 15 nau'in kifi da jinsuna hudu na dabbobi masu rarrafe. Nest a nan da tsuntsaye. Akwai fiye da nau'in 200.

Kariya ga dabbobi

Wannan ajiyar ajiya ce, inda suke ƙoƙarin ƙara yawan al'ummomin kananan dabbobi da suka shafi nau'in farauta. Yawan yawa na sable, mink da wariyar launin fata jeri har yanzu ƙananan. Tudun gandun daji suna zaune da squirrels da lynxes, katako na itace da hazel.

A cikin tsararren akwai ƙayyadadden ƙwayoyin dabbobin da ba su da hatsari waɗanda ke cikin shafukan Red Book. A nan ne garkunan gandun daji, na mutanen Altai-Sayan, da kuma 'yan Siberian suna cin abinci. A cikin tsaunuka, a hankali, zane-zane masu tsatstsauran ra'ayi - leopards dusar ƙanƙara.

Dabbobi masu girma na Sayano-Shushensky Reserve suna wakiltar wulukai, leopards dusar ƙanƙara da bears. Akwai wani zato cewa shi ne gida da wasu mutane dhole. Na zata tsage-hoofed dabbobi an same barewa da Roe barewa, Musk barewa da dutsen awaki, barewa, da sauransu. Ana amfani da itatuwan daji na Afolos. Masu gwangwani masu shayarwa suna shafe tsire-tsire iri iri.

Tsuntsaye na Biosphere Reserve

A cikin sararin sama, kullun, neman ganima, da gaggafa da yawa da falmaran daji, Saker Falcon da osprey. A biyu daga black stork gida a kan kurãme dausayi da kuma dutsen gandun daji na tsayi. Crane-belladonna ya zauna a kan wuraren bushe-bushe. A kango da ravines, a cikin dutsen dutse dutse da kuma a cikin kurma kururuwa sun shirya gidajensu don owls.

Nests of gulls na baki, babban tsuntsaye, warwatse a kan tsibirin na bays na Sayano-Shushensky tafki. A cikin ƙananan yankuna akwai ƙananan hange. Tsarin tsuntsaye masu kyau suna shirya nests, suna tare da ganga da ƙira, a kan ƙuƙumma ko raƙuman ruwa kusa da bakin tekun.