A Mariana tare mahara shi ne mafi zurfi trough

Yankin Mariana ne mafi zurfi a cikin teku. An located kusa da Philippines a tekun Pacific. Yawancin jiragen ruwa sun wuce wadannan wurare a kowace shekara. Koda a zamaninmu, mafi zurfin raguwa bai riga ya bayyana dukkan asirinta ba. Rigunsa yana kusa da kilomita 11 tare da kuskure na 40 m, kuma matsa lamba a kasa shine 1100 yanayi. A irin waɗannan yanayi, har yanzu matakin ci gaba na fasaha bai yarda da cikakken bincike ba.

Taimako da kuma rayayyun halittu

Matsakaicin matsakaicin wuri a yankin Yankin Mariana yana da kilomita 3.7. A lokacin da aka lura a yankin, an gano dutsen tsaunuka, wanda aka samo a zurfin fiye da kilomita 6. Binciken ya nuna cewa a cikin zurfin (7 km da zurfi) daban-daban halittu suna rayuwa, wadda aka yi la'akari da baya ba saboda matsin lamba ba. Akwai su da yawa daga cikinsu, wanda ba'a bayyana su cikin cikakkun bayanai ba. A mafi zurfi ƙullunku ne mazauninsu na crabs, gaggautsa taurari, polychaete tsutsotsi, echiura, tarwada, lebur kifi, teku cucumbers da bivalves. Kwayoyin da dama suna da ban mamaki kuma sun bambanta a cikin launi mai haske, ko da yake hasken rana ba ya shiga cikin zurfin zurfi. Very m siffa daga cikin mazaunan Mariana tare mahara ne su size. Yawancin su sunfi girma fiye da dangin da suke zaune ba da nisa daga teku ba. Tarihin bincike

Birtaniya ta yi ƙoƙarin nazarin Mariana ta farko a 1872 a kan jirgin ruwa mai suna "Challenger", wanda aka sake gina shi don nazarin ilimin lissafi da nazarin halittu kuma ya sanya ma'aunin zurfin. Duk da haka, bayanan kimiyya na farko da masanan kimiyyar Birtaniya suka samu kawai a shekarar 1951. Masu bincike sun ƙaddara kimanin zurfin zurfin kogon. Ginin da aka samu a sakamakon su ya iya saukar da dutsen mafi girma - Everest. Ramin yana da mita 10863 a cikin zurfin teku. Kafin wannan binciken, duniya kawai ta san abin da mafi zurfi a cikin duniya. Bayan da ban sha'awa a cikin Mariana tare mahara da aka muhimmanci karu.

A shekarar 1957, masanan kimiyyar Soviet sun bincika wannan wuri. Sun kuma gano iyakar zurfin m - 11022 m A wannan lokaci an kafa halittu masu rai a zurfin kilomita 7 kuma mafi. Wannan ya zama abin mamaki, domin kafin wannan binciken, masana kimiyya sunyi imani cewa kawai protozoa zai iya tsira a irin wannan zurfin.

Game da abin da ake kira mai zurfi mafi girma, a tsakiyar karni na 20, kusan dukkanin mutane sun sani. A shekara ta 1960, mutane sun nutse zuwa kasa na nesa. Wannan shi ne mai bincike Jacques Picard da soja na Amurka Don Walsh suka yi a garuruwan bathyscaphe "Trieste". Kayan ya nuna cewa an kaddamar da na'urar zuwa zurfin fiye da 11.5 km, amma an gyara shi zuwa 10918 m. Masu bincike sun wuce kadan fiye da minti 10 a kasa. Duk da haka, a wannan lokacin ya isa isa a gano akwai kifi mai kama da kifi. Ruwa ya yi tsawon sa'o'i biyar, kuma hawa ya ɗauki uku.

A cikin shekaru 90, an yi ƙoƙari da yawa (tare da daban-daban) don shiga cikin rami. An samu sababbin bayanai da yawa. Babban mashahuran masana kimiyya na Japan sun taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen bincike. Ana ƙoƙarin ƙoƙari ƙoƙarin nazarin Maɗaukakiyar Mariana sosai a kwanakin nan.