Forest Khimki: Tsarin gine-ginen kewaye da sabon shiri na M-11 Moscow-Petersburg

Asusun daji na Moscow da yankin yana da muhimmiyar mahimmanci ga mutane, yayin da yake kawar da ƙananan tarin ton na abubuwa masu haɗari da masana'antun da ke da yawa suka samar. Wasu lokutan masu tsarawa suna sarrafa littattafai don gina gine-gine da suka shafi gandun daji har ma wuraren karewa, sannan kuma abin kunya ya rushe tsakanin masu kwangila, jami'ai da sauran mutane. Wannan lokaci a cikin kwakwalwa na hankali da jituwa shine kudancin Khimki, wanda har yanzu ya gina hanyar Moscow-Petersburg (M-11).

Wasu daga tarihin gandun daji

Na farko da aka ambaci sunayen wannan gandun daji ya koma zuwa karni na 14. Kasancewa a cikin Moscow kusa da shi, hakan yana kasancewa na karshe tsaron tsaron babban birnin a lokutan yaki. Saboda haka, cikin shekaru 1608-1609. Khimki gandun daji ya taimaka sojojin Vasiliya Shuyskogo raba squads Falsdmitry 2: crept ta wurin m ƙunci, da sojoji ba zato ba tsammani kai farmaki a kan abokan gaba, kuma ya juya a cikin wani m jirgin. A lokacin yakin basasar 1812, ciyayi masu yawa sun kasance mafaka mai kyau don ɓoye makamai. 1941 ne ba togiya - gandun daji ya jimre da fitina: domin samar da anti-tanki hedgehogs aka sare gumakan Ashtarot.

A Flora da fauna daga cikin gandun daji ne mai arziki da kuma bambancin, girma a nan relict shuke-shuke, kazalika da Pine, spruce, larch, Hazel, lemun tsami, primroses, furannin kwarin, lungwort, Globe da kuma waɗansu da yawa, halitta da na halitta nazarin halittu tsarin - oak gandun daji da kuma fadama. Bugu da ƙari, nau'in da aka lissafa a cikin Red littafin na Moscow yankin girma. Wannan samfurin halitta yana kare birnin Khimki da mazauna daga fitarwa na masana'antu daga manyan kamfanoni na kasar da kuma yankin Moscow, yana da sakamako mai tasiri kan lafiyar marasa lafiya da cutar tarin fuka, saboda haka, a cikin gandun daji akwai dakunan shan magani.

Rikici: 'yan wasa masu mahimmanci

Tun lokacin da aka fara yarda da aikin don kwantar da hanyoyi masu yawa, Khimki gandun dajin ya kasance a cikin wani mummunar tasiri mai tasiri. Jama'a, siyasa (Yabloko, Dalili na Gaskiya da sauransu), kungiyoyin muhalli (fiye da 40, ciki har da Greenpeace), 'yan kida (Yury Shevchuk) wadanda suka hada da "Movement of the Defenders of the Khimki Forest" sun kasance a gefen abokan adawar hanya. Aikin da Eugene Chirikov ya jagoranci.

Yawancin abubuwa masu ban mamaki sun hada da gina hanyoyi, ciki har da ƙoƙari na rayuwa da kiwon lafiya na masu kare kare hakkin gandun daji da kuma hari a kan birnin Khimki (mutanen da ba a sani ba su jajjefe shi da duwatsu da fahariya). A ƙarshen shekara ta 2010, Dmitry Anatolyevich Medvedev ya yanke shawarar dakatar da gina da kuma shirya taron jama'a game da matsalar.

Tsaro na yanayi a Kariya ta Khimki Forest

A lokuta daban-daban daga 2007 zuwa 2010, kungiyoyi da zanga-zangar sun faru ne a Khimki da Moscow, 'yan gwagwarmayar motsa jiki sun yi tasiri a shafin gine-ginen, sun yi kira ga hukumomin daban daban, ciki har da Shugaban Rasha, kuma sun jawo hankalin masana da' yan gwagwarmayar kare dan Adam don tantance yanayin. A sakamakon haka, da shawarar da za a gina duk wannan yarda da aiwatarwa, duk da haka, tare da wasu gyare-gyare da kunshin lambobin.

Duk da cewa aikin, bisa ga yadda hanyar da ke cikin kudancin Khimki ya kwanta, an gane cewa, kokarin da masu kare rayukan halittu ba su rasa ba: ba a rasa girman ginin ba - tun daga farkon 3 km zuwa 100 m; Ya rage tsawon hanya - 8 km madaidaiciya kamar kibiya; Ganye bishiyoyi a kan kadada 500 na ƙasar maimakon a yanka shi da kadada 100; Shin sun ba da kyauta mai ban dariya a cikin tarihin Rasha don biya diyya don lalacewar muhalli - ruwan dalar Amurka 4.

Sharuɗɗa da Cons

Bugu da ƙari, babban aikin da ake yi na gina titin motar ta cikin kudancin Khimki, akwai wasu hanyoyi guda 10 wadanda suka samar da hanya ta hanyar ƙauyen Vashutino da Molzhaninovo. A cewar wadannan ayyukan, kimanin gidaje 50 za a rushe a cikin wadannan yankunan. Mazauna ƙauyuka, wannan halin da ake ciki, ba shakka, bai dace ba, kuma sun nuna rashin amincewar su.

An rarraba birnin Khimki zuwa sansanin 2: wasu mazauna sun kasance suna gina, wasu sun saba. Wasu abokan hamayya na sabuwar hanya, irin su gwani a cikin tafarkin hanyar gini Mikhail Blinkin, la'akari da zaɓin hanyar da ake ciki ba shine mafi nasara daga ra'ayi na magance matsalolin sufuri na babban birnin kasar ba, duk da haka, ingancin hanya kuma aiwatar da aikin ya dace da hankali - wannan ita ce hanya ta farko a Turai a Turai .