Castle Insterburg: description, tarihi, ban sha'awa facts

Insterburg Castle aka located a cikin Kaliningrad yankin. City Chernyakhiv, fãce ga castle, bayar da m yawon bude ido biyu da haihuwa majami'u, da wani tsohon ruwa hasumiya da ikon shiga rijiya-tsare Jamus gine.

description

Castle Insterburg (Kaliningrad) - daya daga cikin mafi tsoho Tsarin located a kan ƙasa na yankin. A yi kwanakin daga 14th karni, wani katako, sansanin soja, ya fara gina a 1336 da bukatun da Teutonic Order, da Master of wanda a lokacin da aka Dietrich von Altenburg. Katako castle ƙarshe maye gurbinsu da wani dutse tsarin.

Castle Insterburg tana nufin wani m tsarin kewaye da shi ga mafi tsaron gida ikon ya haƙa moat cika da ruwa. Dindindin ruwa inflow da aka bayar da kufaifan, wanda directed da albarkatun da na biyu da kananan qarqashinsu. Construction da aka za'ayi Prussian sojojin kama karkashin jagorancin Order.

A abin da shekara da aka katako tsarin da aka maye gurbinsu da wani dutse, tarihi ne shiru, an san cewa castle sau biyu hõre devastation. A karo na farko a 1376, lokacin da castle ganuwar ya auku a karkashin matsin lamba na Lithuanian Grand Duke Sverdeyka sojojin. A karo na biyu cikin sansanin soja halakar da kuma kone kusan shekara ɗari daga baya, a 1457, a lokacin yaki tsakanin biranen Prussia. A ganuwar da aka gina da kuma fadi sake, da kuma tushe, gina manyan duwatsu daji, ya kasance da wata cũta ba, ya yanzu kiyaye su a cikin kusan asalin siffan.

makoman

Mene ne Castle Insterburg a cikin na farko ganawa? Da farko, shi ne mai tsaron gida tsarin gina kare nasara yankuna daga hare-hare na da Lithuania. Bugu da kari ga soja dalilai, shi aiki a matsayin wani wuri na cohabitation sojoji na Teutonic Order, da ake kira up for tsaron kan iyaka, da kuma fama ayyukan kama sabon yankuna.

architecture

Insterburg Castle - wani hadadden na gine-gine, wanda ya kunshi biyu main sassa: da kagara, da Forburga. A kagara housed mambobi ne na Order. A yi shi ne a cikin siffar rufaffiyar square da biyu benaye a tsawo. A bisa ga al'ada, m ganuwar, babu kayan ado da taga takware. A ciki na kagara wakiltar yadi da kyau. Kafuwar kuma ginshiki Bastion gina na m dutse m magani, akai-akai gina ganuwar laka tubali. A matakin na tafiya kagara kunkuntar slits aka bayar rike da tsaro. Don gudanar da kula da ƙasa kuma yi adawa da makiya na iya hawa kan bango, inda wani madauwari hanya (vergang) da aka aza. Battle kula da'irar an rufe ta da m gable rufin. A kagara ya jagoranci kawai kofa, located in yamma reshe.

Elongated sarari Forburga kwasfa m ganuwar, maimaita cikin topography na saman tsauni. A wannan ɓangare na castle hadaddun aka tattara sojojinsa. Forburga samu shiga cikin dakin da za a iya yi daga na farko bene, ƙofar ne daga gefe na kagara. Located sama na farko bene yan'uwa Kwayoyin alaka ciki nassi. Dakin taro kuma a ɗakin sujada located in biyu na arewacin gine-gine sun biyu-storied.

castle hasumiya

Don karfafa kariya Forburga aka sanye take da hasumiya, da aikin sintiri da kuma fama ayyuka. Bugu da kari, su aka sanye take da kurkuku Kwayoyin, kuma a cikin ginshiki na daya daga gare su sun kasance kurkuku. A gaggawa, da sojoji zai iya fita ta hanyar wani boye nassi. Ya jagoranci daga arewa hasumiya, gudu a karkashin moat, da kuma kusantar da hijira zuwa kogin.

A total number of sansanin ya game da ɗari biyu da mutane. Arewa maso gabashin Forburga hasumiya da aka octagonal siffar, yanzu kawai kafuwar zauna daga shi. A arewa maso yammacin hasumiya kira Paynturm, shi ne zagaye, samu gagarumin lalacewar a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, kuma a cikin shekaru 70 da aka rushe, kazalika da kusan dukan castle Insterburg. Tarihi ya ce wannan hasumiya da aka karin Agogon da kuma babban kararrawa. Wani - kudu-maso-gabas - hasumiyar shi ne mafi girma a cikin gine ƙofar drawbridge da babban kofa da ya kai a cikin hadaddun.

A castle aka halakar da hankali: a 1684 mazaunan gan shi a duk da daukaka, kuma a cikin karni na 19th dukan akwai daya kawai hasumiya, da ganuwar da aka lalata.

Sarakuna kuma installers

Cikin dukanin ta tarihi, Insterburg (castle) ya zama mafaka ga mutane na sarauta jini da kuma Turai nobility. Saboda haka, a cikin 1704 da iyakacin duniya Czartoryski velmozhny boye tare da iyalinsa a cikin ganuwar ta. A 17th karni shi aka frequented da mambobi ne na sarauta daular, a sakamako, na dogon lokaci rayu a cikin castle na Sarauniya Maria Eleonora na Sweden, wanda ya m girma na birane kayayyakin more rayuwa da kuma tattalin arziki.

A cikin wadannan shekaru da sarauta Fleur weathered daga farfajiyoyi da kuma Insterburg castle zama wuri domin mafi mundane amfani. Domin ƙarni biyu (18 da 19) located a cikin hadaddun soja depots, kotu, kuma ƙasar kotuna, a lokacin yakin da Napoleon - wani asibiti da kuma barikin. Tare da kowane sabon aiki na hadaddun aka gina Insterburg castle, overgrown outbuildings. A cikin tsakiyar karni na 19th daga tsohon girma kasance m ganuwar, kafuwar kuma Paynturm hasumiyar har yanzu for hours. By karshen karni, kamar yadda masu bincike shigar, tsaron gida ganuwar da aka dismantled a matsayin dole ba.

Insterburg (kulle) bayan yakin duniya na kasance a cikin lura da biyu cibiyoyin. A kagara Tarihi Museum da aka bude Forburga gudanar da Regional Kotun. A lokacin da yãƙi, a cikin shekarar 1945, da hadaddun aka lalace ta hanyar wuta da kuma hadari. Bayan da yaki, da soja sojojin da aka jibge a cikin sauran yankunan, da kuma a shekara ta 1949 a wuta ya barke a kagara. A sakamakon haka, da m ganuwar tsira, ciki, rufin da bene ƙone ta duka. Yana shi ne farkon parsing Forburga, tubalin da aka fitar dashi domin maido da kayayyakin more rayuwa a Lithuania. A cikin 50s da sauran tsarin da kuma yankin da aka canjawa wuri zuwa RSU lambar 1. The gaba castle hadaddun da ya faru a 2010, Insterburg Castle yanzu gudanar da ROC.

Community "Castle House"

A 1997 wani rukuni na masu goyon baya je zuwa Insterburg castle. A tarihin na castle aka ci gaba da kuma begen abu akan sake haihuwa. Tun 1999, kungiyar ya samu matsayi na wani ba riba jama'a "Castle House". Yawa aikin da aka za'ayi, don haka da cewa a 2003,} ungiyoyin NGO samu wani m damar zama tafin kafa mai amfani da tarihi abin tunawa.

A shekara ta 2006, ta hanyar kokarin mambobi na kungiyar chateau hadaddun aka kunshe a cikin tarayya shirin domin kariya daga tarihi al'adunmu "Culture of Rasha". Kudi kasaftawa a cikin shirin sa a gudanar da wani kiyayewa ayyukan ƙwarai, to yin yawan kimiyya da bincike, wani ɓangare na zane da kuma kimanta takardun mayar da abin tunawa.

aiki

Saka hannu cikin tarayya shirin daina dangane da canja wuri zuwa sabon mai shi daga cikin castle. A lokacin ayyuka na kungiyar "Castle House" ajiye da kuma inganta tarihi na castle Insterburg yi da kuma ci gaba da aiki kamar haka:

• The yawon shakatawa cibiyar da arziki na bayanai da sabis.
• The ilimi yanki yara.
• Nazarinsa da kuma amfani da zane-zane cibiyar al'adu Nazarin.
• Local tarihin gidan kayan gargajiya nuni. Gabatar kayan game da ci gaban birnin, gina wani diorama na Battle of Gross-Jägersdorf.
• Ci gaba da aiki da tarihi dakin gwaje-gwaje.
• Art Gallery da kuma zauren tarurruka.

Community "Castle House" riko da wani jerin kasa da kasa ayyukan da nufin warware tarbiyya da al'adu da manufofi. Amma sama da dukan, al'umma mambobi ayan adana da kuma sabuntawa na Teutonic Castle, bit da bit tattara bayanai game da Order da kuma ri dalĩlin tsaya a castle. A cikin farkawa na binciken zai shirya kimiyya taro, taro, wanda jawo hankalin matasa zuwa Insterburg castle.

wayewar

Don kwanan Insterburg castle hadaddun aka located in a kiyaye jihar. Restoration aikin ba da za'ayi, amma kuma cewa kiyaye su, ba hallaka. Masu ziyara iya yaba da darajar da gine-gine da kiyaye ganuwar da kagara, da wasu isa su na asali tsawo.

A m yanayin tsira gona da gine-gine a kudancin hadaddun. Yawo a cikin dakunan da wani na da castle za su ci nasara ba, sun kawai bar. Amma a nan da ka iya ganin deben hanya, wajen tunani da gina hasumiya a ƙasa tsere ginshiki, to ji labaru da dama daga cikin Teutonic Order, don matsahi na saba da aiki na "Castle House" al'umma.