Category giya. A kan abin da filaye ya kasu kashi da nau'i-nau'i daga ruwan inabi? Nau'in giya da ingancin Categories

Kamar yadda suka ce a zamanin d Roma, A vino beritas, kuma ba shi yiwuwa ba a yarda. Lalle ne, duk da ci gaba a fasaha da namo sabon iri na inabõbi, da ruwan inabi ya kasance daya daga cikin mafi gaskiya yanã shã. Mutane iya gurbata da sanannun iri, amma ga karya ne da dandano, kamshi da kuma launi zai yiwu ba. Kuma 1000 da suka wuce, wani ingancin ruwan inabi ne iya saki gagarumin wani harshe ko da mutumin da 'yan kalmomi.

Mutane da yawa za su yi mamaki kuma ce, "Wine yana da wani ruwan inabi", amma wajibi ne a shiga cikin batun, kuma ya bayyana yadda za bambancin duniya na sha.

3 facts na da tasiri a kan tarihin

1. Domin da farko lokacin da matsayi na kyauta daga Allah da ruwan inabi samu a Girkanci mythology, a lokacin da gumakan Olympus ya raba ya girke-girke da sauransu. Wannan abin sha, kuma shi ne har yanzu amfani da dama na addini bikin.

2. Wasu masu tarihi sun amince da cewa farkon na Faransa juyin juya halin da aka karuwa a haraji a kan ruwan inabi, sa'an nan Ya sanya wani abin sha unaffordable ga tsakiyar aji.

3. A lokacin da a Faransa ya karu haraji tsakanin Birtaniya da kuma Portugal dangantakar abokantaka. Bisa ga masu bincike, Birtaniya na son wannan dandano na Portuguese tashar jiragen ruwa ruwan inabi.

Kuma a yanzu ga babban tambaya - a kan abin da filaye giya ya kasu kashi kashi.

Janar rarrabuwa

Gaya duk maki a daya labarin ne ba zai yiwu ba, saboda haka bari mu magana game da mafi tsoho da kuma rare Turai kasa domin samar da ruwan inabi kayayyakin - France. Wannan hudu-matakin rarrabuwa da giya na ingancin Categories da aka rubuta a nan.

Table giya (VDT ko vin de tebur). Abin sha samarwa iya dogara ne a kan yin amfani da daban-daban maki da innabi amfanin gona. Don samar da wani 9% barasa matakan dole ne a yarda ya ƙara sugar syrup. Lakabin tebur giya ba nuna wurin da yi da kuma shekara da girbi. Saboda da rashin expressiveness kuma individuality, ba su cancanci hankalin masu sukar da kuma sommeliers, da kuma mai kyau gidajen cin abinci ba sun hada da su a cikin menu.

Vin de biya (VDP), ko gida, ya kasance a cikin category na ingancin mafi girma matakin-giya. Production dogara ne a kan kayyade irin berries, abin sha ya kamata a yi wasu ƙarfi ne, kuma sadu da wasu organoleptic halaye. A inabi amfani ga wannan rukuni, an girma a cikin wani na musamman yankin. Dokar ga abin sha masana'antu wannan rukuni ya 150 wurare a Faransa.

Lakanin d'Origine Vin Delimite de Qualite Superieure (AOVDQS ko VDQS) - high quality-na da giya. Su samar da wani m tsari da kuma lura da aka yi da musamman kungiyoyi. All drinks suna da alaka da category na dauke giya, hadu da wani yawan bukatun:

- samar da abin sha faruwa a yankunan daura wani musamman yankin.

- Yi amfani kawai kayyade innabi.

- ayyana hanyar tarbiyyar da kuma iyakar da ake samu a kowace kadada.

- dole ne bi da dukan dokokin da vinification, organoleptic bukatun da sun kafa wani sansanin soja.

Lakanin d'origine controlee (AOC) - da mafi rarrabuwa da giya da category, ake magana a kai a cikin asalin kuma yana da mafi stringent bukatun fiye da AOVDQS. Ga la'akari da shekaru da inabõbi amfani, kasar gona iri-iri da kuma launi daga cikin sakamakon abin sha. Babban rawa a samar da plays "appellations", watau sunan, shi ne shi ya tabbatar da amincin samfurin. Ka tuna duk appellations wuya, kamar yadda adadin su ne kullum girma (fiye da 400), amma mafi babbar AOC giya suna dauke su Faransa, kõwane ɗaya daga cikinsu yana da rarrabe.

Sauran Turai ne innabi birane a Turai, dangane da Faransa rarrabuwa, mun halitta kama. A sarari hulda da aka nuna a tebur.

Faransa	Italiya	Spain
Vin de tebur	Vino de Mesa	Vino da Tavola
Vin de biya	Vinos de las Tierras	Indicazione Geografica Tipica
AOVDQS	YI (Denominacion de Origen)	Denominazione di Origine Controllata
AOC	Denominacion de Origen Calificada	Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita

Nau'in da sugar content

Red sau da yawa bushe, don haka ana dogara ne a kan fari giya.

1. Sec - bushe (kasa da 4 g / L).

2. Demi-sec - semidry (4-12 g / l).

3. Moelleux - semisweet (12-45 g / l).

4. Doux - zaki (fiye da 45 g / l).

Domin kyalkyali: estra-brut (kasa da 4 g / l), brut (har zuwa 15 g / l), da karin-sec (12-20 g / l), sec (ba fiye da 35 g / l), Demi-sec (32 -55 g / l), doux (fiye da 55 g / l).

Da abun ciki na CO ₂

Vin effervescent - category na kyalkyali giya, inda sakandare lalata enzymes daukan wuri a cikin kwalba.

Vin mousseux gazeifie - rarrabuwa na kyalkyali giya, cikinsa CO ₂ jikewa faruwa da carbonation.

Vin petillant - kyalkyali ruwan inabi, daban-daban daga sauran low-matsa lamba CO ₂ a cikin kwalba.

Vin perlant - lu'u-lu'u da ciwon low matakin na CO _2.

Vin tranquille - m ruwan inabi drinks tare da kusan cikakkiyar babu CO _2.

Nau'in tsari

A mafi wuya irin rabuwa da wannan abin sha, kamar yadda kowane samarwa yana da wani subtlety kuma fifiko. Duk da wannan, masana sun iya gano wadannan Categories:

- The matasa ruwan inabi cewa shi ne ba a bukatar daukan hotuna.

- shekarunsu a ganga ko kwalabe har zuwa shekara guda.

- shekarunsu a kan kansa lees. Sun hada da wasu irin farin giya, wannan fasahar aikin a cikin Loire Valley.

- barasa giya samar da maye gurbi, cewa da aka kara wa wort nedobrodivshee barasa ko brandy.

- Dafa ruwan inabi, musamman, samar a cikin Faransa Provence. Production dogara ne a kan shafe tsawon dumama da kuma danshin na wort. Boiled ruwan inabi yana da wani takamaiman dandano da ya ƙunshi high matakan da sukari.

Rarrabuwa da inuwa daga cikin ruwan inabi abin sha

An ba ko da yaushe shared da launi na ruwan inabi, wani lokaci ana classified bisa ga sinadaran abun da ke ciki. Alal misali, ba ka san cewa akwai wani shampen samar daga black inabi, amma yana da wani farin launi?

A ja ruwan inabi ya ƙunshi tannins (tannins) alhakin astringency da pigments, haddasa launi.

Ya tashi giya ne bai cancanci hankalin masu sukar, ko da yake su kewayon launuka ne sosai bambancin: daga dan kadan stained zuwa jikewa.

Akwai kuma kore ruwan inabi samar a Portugal, black (Cahors), da kuma rawaya.

Kuma yanzu wani taƙaitaccen look at cikin ruwan inabi YI Categories.

Me ake nufi da DO

Spanish analogue high quality-na da giya (AOVDQS). A dama, don samar da kayayyakin don wannan category sun karbi fiye da 164 Spanish ruwan inabi growers.

The most yanki na gonakin inabi domin samar da giya to category yana La Mancha - 188.181 kadada. Su samar da wani pronounced woody da kuma velvety dandano.

A bit farin giya

A category na fari giya yawanci subdivided cikin 6 maki:

1. Dry ruwan inabi haske "jiki." Kamar yadda wani sommelier ce shi yana da "karfe" core. Yana rage adadin sukari, amma babban taro na acid, barasa yawan bai wuce 12% da kuma dan kadan m ƙanshi. Amma gogaggen kwararru jayayya da cewa wannan irin farin giya iya, wani lokacin suna da ƙanshi da kuma dandano - duk ya dogara da innabi iri-iri. Alal misali, "Sauvignon Blanc" yana da ganye nuances, da kuma "Riesling" - 'ya'yan.

2. Kalmar na daukan hotuna na farin giya talakawan "jiki" - m na shekaru 3. An samar daga Chardonnay, Shenen Blan da kuma rawa. barasa matakin na 10 zuwa 13%, amma dandano da ƙanshi furta fure da Fruity bayanin kula.

3. The complete "jiki" Categories ruwan inabi, kamar yadda mai mulkin, kiyaye a cikin ganga shekaru da dama. Bã su da wani Fruity dandano, low acidity, da kuma babban adadin tannins. Giya daga 12 zuwa 14%.

4. M farin giya abubuwan sha bambanta pronounced m 'ya'yan itace ƙanshi. Su ne low acid tare da barasa matakin na 12-14%.

5. Semi-zaki giya sanya daga irin Moscatel inabi, Tokay-Pinot Gris da kuma Shenen Blan. Barasa 14% da kuma ciyar da a cikin sha chilled zuwa 10 ⁰ C form.

6. A cikin dadi farin giya abin sha dauke da har zuwa 18% na barasa ne kullum ciyar da zuwa kayan zaki. Aka sani wakilan giya da abin sha "Sauternes" da "Barsac" (France).

A 'yan kalmomi game da kyalkyali sha

Kira kyalkyali ruwan inabi, wanda ya ƙunshi carbon dioxide, halitta ta musamman fasahar. Su samar ne zuwa kashi 4 hanyoyin:

1. Carbonation. Lokacin da samar low quality-drinks amfani wucin gadi gabatarwar CO _2.

2. A Hanyar da ƙarshen farko fermentation, da barasa ne ba a cikin ganga da kuma a kwalban, kira yankunan karkara (methode rurale).

3. Idan sakandare bazuwar kwayoyin abubuwa faruwa a akratoforah (musamman karfe kwantena), da laifi ta auku ba a cikin samar da hanya na Sharma.

4. The gargajiya Hanyar - aiwatar an maimaita fermentation yakan faru a cikin kwalba.

Shi ne ma daraja ambata cewa akwai biyu musamman Categories kyalkyali giya da kuma kyalkyali lu'u-lu'u. Da farko dauke da mafi ƙarancin adadin carbon dioxide, yayin da karshen da wani kadan matsa lamba a cikin kwalba da kuma low Riƙe (7%).

Wanne jita-jita bauta ruwan inabi

Quality ruwan inabi, mai kyau abinci da kuma m kamfanin - ne mai garanti na dumi tunanin na abincin dare. A zabi na sahabbai - mai zaman kansa al'amarin, da kuma sanin abin da jita-jita a hade tare da ruwan inabi, da shi duka.

Dole ne mu fara da hane-hane, wato abinci, wanda aka ba da shawarar a yi amfani zuwa giya, don haka kamar yadda ba su dampen ya iyawa. Babu shakka ba zai iya amfani da ruwan inabi da abinci da kuma snacks, seasoned da vinegar.

Daga cikin haramci hada da kwayoyi. Gaskiyar ita ce, ta ya sauya sheka zuwa 'ya'yan dandano buds basu amsa wa sauran sinadaran da kuma abin sha ruwan inabi.

Last haramta ya shafi shan taba. Taba hayaki nutsar fitar da ƙanshi da kuma dandano na nicotine ba zai ba da damar zuwa cikakken fuskanci ruwan inabi.

Duk da yawa iri domin abinci akwai wani mulki: da more hadaddun da dandano a kan farantin, da sauki ya sha ruwan inabi a cikin ƙarau, da kuma mataimakin versa.

Red zo zuwa yaji nama, 'ya'yan, taliya, pizza, kifi da kuma da dama cuku.

White dandano harmonises daidai da abincin teku, naman maraki, kaji da kuma qwai.

Sinadarin ruwan hoda giya suna dauke su nama snacks, abincin teku da kuma desserts.

Semi-dadi da kuma dadi iri bi ice cream, da 'ya'yan itace da kuma cakulan.

Kyalkyali abubuwan sha, wato shampen - cikakken sha domin bude gala abincin dare.

ƙarshe

Idan kafin "allahntaka sha" ku rarrabu a cikin fari, ja, da kuma bushe garu, sa'an nan shi yana fatan cewa, dauke da makamai da bayanai daga wannan labarin, da ka koya, abin da su ne Categories giya, kuma ba za ka iya kawai karanta daga lakabin sunan, amma gane iri-iri da kuma hanyar yi.