Count Vorontsov Mihail Semenovich: biography, photos, iyali

Count Vorontsov Mihail Semenovich - sanannen dattaku, Adjutant Janar, Field Marshal, da serene Martaba Prince (tun 1845). Novorossiysk da Bessarabian Gwamna-Janar; memba na Petersburg Academy of Science. Ya ciyar da gina Odessa da kuma raya wani gefe a cikin tattalin arziki sharuddan. A wannan labarin, za ka iya gabatar da gajeren biography.

iyaye

Iyaye na gaba Field Marshal - Semon Romanovich da Catherine A. ( 'yar Admiral Senyavina AN) sun yi aure a cikin 1781. A May watan Julin 1782 da suka yana da ɗa, da Maikel, da kuma a shekara daga baya 'yar Catherine. Amma da biyu ta aure farin ciki Vorontsov dade ba. Catherine A. mutu a watan Agusta 1784, bayan wani rashin lafiya. Semyon Romanovich taba aure da kuma sha wahala duka na unspent soyayya ga 'yar kuma ɗa.

A May 1785 Vorontsov S. R. koma London aiki. Ya yi aiki a matsayin ministan Plenipotentiary, to, akwai jakadan Ingila daga kasar Rasha. Saboda haka da United Kingdom ya zama for Michael kadan gida daga gida.

Learning

Semyon Romanovich a hankali bi da horo da kuma ilimi da na danta. Ya yi kokari ya fi yadda ya kamata shirya su domin sabis na mahaifarsa. Yaron ta uba ya gamsu da cewa abu mafi muhimmanci - shi ne mai kyau umurnin harshen da ilmi na Rasha tarihi da kuma adabi. Future Count Vorontsov ya sosai daban-daban daga takwarorina. Sun yarda da su magana da Faransanci, da kuma Michael, ko da yake, da kuma mai kyau umurnin da harshen (kazalika da Latin, Girkanci, da Turanci), fĩfĩta har yanzu Rasha.

A yi jadawalin boys sun music, gine-gine, USAID, kimiyyar yanayin halitta, lissafi. Ya koya hau kyau kuma mallaki daban-daban makamai. Don fadada cikin sãsanni da yaron maniyyi Romanovich dauki shi zuwa ga wadanda mutane tarurruka da kuma majalisar zaman. Har ila yau, manya da} anana Vorontsovs nazari masana'antu da kuma kasance da Rasha jiragen ruwa da ta je English Harbor.

Semyon Romanovich ya tabbata cewa serfdom fada da ewa ba, kuma komai a fili kadarori za ta je manoma. Kuma haka dansa iya ciyar da kansu da kuma shiga a samar nan gaba siyasa hanya na Rasha, shi ne da sanar da shi sana'ar.

A 1798, Count Vorontsov, Jr. samu title na shirayin. Yana da aka bai wa shi daga Paul I. dole ne in ce cewa ya} uruciyarsa Michael ya shirye su bauta wa da kyau na da motherland. Ya aka superbly ilimi da kuma kafa. Ya kuma ya ci gaba da wasu ra'ayoyi a kan wanda hanyar da tafi ne ga Rasha. Service ga kasar da aka alfarma wajibi a gare shi. Amma, sanin nauyi yanayin Paul na, Semyon Romanovich ya a ba sauri aika dansa gida.

Early aiki

A watan Maris 1801 ya zama sarki Alexander I, kuma a watan Mayu Vorontsov, Jr. zo a St. Petersburg. Ga ya gana da membobin da wallafe-wallafen da'irar, sanya abokai tare da sojoji na Preobrazhensky rajimanti da kuma yanke shawarar yin aiki a cikin soja. A lokacin samuwa a Michael Chamberlain daraja ya m zuwa ga daraja da Manjo Janar, amma Vorontsov bai ji dadin wannan gata. Ya soja kurum marar a Preobrazhensky rajimanti talakawa leftana.

Duk da haka, da Count da sauri gaji wajibi a kotu, rawar soja da kuma farati ƙasa. A 1803 ya yi tafiya zuwa Caucasus kamar yadda wata mai sa kai, don samun a cikin rundunar sojojin Prince Tsitsianov. A nan, matasa Count Vorontsov wajen sauri ya zama kwamandan da hannun dãma. Amma bai zauna a hedkwatar, kuma rayayye halarci fadace-fadace. Saboda haka ba abin mamaki bane cewa a kan kafadu bayyana epaulettes na kyaftin, da kuma a kan kirji uku oda: St. George (4 digiri) sadarwa. Vladimir da kuma sadarwa. Anne (Grade 3).

A cikin shekaru 1805-1807 Count Vorontsov, wanda biography ne sananne ga dukan zamani soja, ya halarci a cikin fadace-fadace da Napoleon, kuma a cikin shekaru 1809-1811 don su yi yaƙi da Turks. Michael, kamar yadda ko da yaushe, yana cikin sahun gaba daga cikin maharan da kuma garzaya zuwa lokacin farin ciki da yaƙi. Ya aka sake ciyar da daraja da kuma bayar da lambar yabo.

War of 1812

Patriotic War of 1812, Michael haɗu, a matsayin kwamandan na karfafa Grenadier Division. Ta aka rayayye da hannu a cikin kariya daga Semenovskoe flushes. A farko duka na Faransa kawai fadi a kan rabo na Vorontsov. Ta aka kai hari da sojojin abokan gaba a lokaci daya 5-6. Amma bayan kai harin a kan ta wuta buga biyu da ɗari Faransa bindigogi. Grenadiers sha wahala babbar asarar da, amma bai koma baya. Michael kansa ya jagoranci daya daga cikin battalions a bayoneti hari da aka jikkata.

A Moscow Palace of Count Vorontsov isa da dama da ɗari wadata ga fitarwa na iyali da dukiya, da wadata, tara for ƙarni. Duk da haka, Mikhail Semenovich ba da umurni ya dauki kuraye ba su dukiya, da kuma 450 soja.

nasara

Bayan dawo, Vorontsov tafi nan da nan zuwa ga Rasha sojojin a waje yaƙin neman zaɓe. Karkashin Craon kan ƙungiyarsu nasara wajen tsayayya da Faransa, wanda aka kai da Napoleon kansa. A lokacin wannan yakin Mihailu Semonovichu mika sadarwa domin. George.

Bayan da karshe shan kashi na Faransa sojojin nasara kasashen zauna a yankin ƙasarsu. Rasha zama kungiyar soja karkashin jagorancin Vorontsov, kuma ya kafa nasu umarni. Earl ya sa na dokoki, wanda suka bi ta sojoji da sanda. Ainihin ra'ayin sabon shatan gazawa magabatansu daga belittling da mutunci ƙananan darajõji. Mikhail Semenovich kuma na farko a cikin tarihin na kauda tashe kofur azãba.

Personal rai na Count Vorontsov

A watan Afrilu 1819, Mikhail Semenovich aure Branitskaya ek Bikin da aka gudanar a Paris Orthodox Cathedral. Maria Feodorovna (da Empress) ya yi magana gaskiya ma game da Countess. Ta yi imani da cewa Elizabeth Ksaverevne daidai hadawa da hankali, kyakkyawa, da kuma yi fice hali. "Shekaru 36 na aure suka sanya ni murna sosai" - wannan bayani da aka yi a karshen rayuwar Count Vorontsov. yaki iyali kunshi matarsa da 'ya'ya shida. Abin baƙin ciki, hudu daga cikinsu ta rasu a wani wuri shekaru.

Gwamna-Janar

A St. Petersburg, ba sosai hali mai kyau ga rundunar sojojin Vorontsov bidi'a. Sun yi imani da cewa sabuwar lambar jadawali zubar da kimar da horo, don haka a kan isowa gida gidaje Mikhail Semenovich sallame. Count nan da nan ya yi murabus. Amma Alexander ban yarda da shi, kuma Mun sanya shi kwamanda na 3rd Corps. Vorontsov zuwa jinkirta da tallafi na mahalli har kwanan nan.

Ya bai tabbata matsayi da aka kammala a watan Mayu 1823, lokacin da Count aka nada shi gwamnan-janar na Novorossiysk Abuja da kuma gwamnan Bessarabia. Da dama bauta tare da shi kafin jami'an bar sabis don samun to Vorontsov tawagar. A wani gajeren lokaci, Mikhail Semenovich taru a kusa da shi mai yawa ya dace, mai kuzari da kuma talented mataimakansa.

Development of New Rasha da kuma Bessarabia

Vorontsov dauki bangare a duk duniyoyin rayuwa, ƙasa wakkala a gare shi. Ya yi umurni daga kasashen waje seedlings bishiyoyi da inabõbi na rare irin inabi girma a nasu Nurseries da kuma rarraba free comers. Tare da nasa kudi ya zo daga kasashen yamma da kuma bude lafiya-ulu tumaki ingarma.

Lokacin da steppe sub bukatar man fetur don dafa abinci da kuma dumama gidajensu, Mikhail Semenovich shirya search, sa'an nan da hakar kwal. A Estate Vorontsov gina wani jirgin ruwan, da kuma a 'yan shekaru baya ya bude da dama shipyards a kudancin mashigai. Production na sabon jiragen ruwa a yarda kafa mai kyau dangane tsakanin tashoshin jiragen ruwa na Azov da kuma Black Tekuna.

Isasshen lokaci Gwamna-Janar to bisa batun ilimi da al'adu. da dama jaridu, shafukan na wanda lokaci zuwa lokaci buga da photo na Count Vorontsov da sakamakon gudanar da ayyukanta da aka kafa. Karfe da ke Multi "Odessa almanacs" da "Novorossiysk kalanda." Makarantun da aka bude a ranar akai-akai, akwai na farko jama'a library, kuma haka a. N.

a cikin Caucasus

Godiya ga m management Vorontsov, Bessarabia da kuma New Rasha ta wadãta. Kuma a cikin makwabtaka da Caucasus, halin da ake ciki yake ta tabarbarewa a tare da kowane wucewa rana. Canza kwamandojin bai taimaka. Imam Shamil ci Rasha a wani yaki.

Nicholas Na lura cewa Caucasus shi ne zama dole don aika mutum yana da kyau soja dabara da kuma gwaji da kwarewa a} ararrakin. Mikhail Semenovich ya manufa takarar. Amma Earl juya shekaru 63 da haihuwa, kuma ya kasance sau da yawa rashin lafiya. Saboda haka, a request daga Sarkin sarakuna Vorontsov ya amsa hesitantly, tsoron ba da dalilin fatan. Duk da haka, ya amince, kuma ya zama kwamandan na Caucasus.

yakin neman shirya ga masu garu kauyen Dargo da aka tsara a gaba a St. Petersburg. Graf ya fili bi shi. A sakamakon haka, da mazaunin Shamil aka dauka, amma Imam tsere da sojojin Rasha, ɓuya a tsaunuka. Caucasian Corps sha wahala babbar asarar. Sa'an nan akwai sabon fadace-fadace. A mafi tsanani da fadace-fadace da aka yi yãƙi a cikin ci daga birãnensu, kuma Gergebil Gishiri.

Ya kamata a lura cewa Vorontsov zo a cikin Caucasus shi ne ba da nasara, amma maimakon a kyautatãwa. Kamar yadda shugaban, da ya tilasta su hallaka ku yi yaƙi, amma a matsayin gwamnan kowane damar tattaunawar. A cewar shi, Rasha zai zama da amfani ba to ku yi yãƙi tãre da Caucasus, da kuma sanya wa Prince of Dagestan Shamil da kuma biya shi albashi.

Field Marshal ta baton

A karshen 1851 Count Mikhail Vorontsov na samu ta rescript na Nicholas I, inda duk gudunmawar da ya bayar kan rabin karni na soja da aka jera. Kowane mutum na sa ran cewa za a ba da daraja na Field Marshal. Amma da sarki aka iyakance zuwa suna na "haske". Wannan, sãɓã wa jũnamai ne saboda gaskiya cewa jadawali canzawa ta liberalism taso Nicholas na zargin.

rashin lafiya

Bayan shekaru 70 na tunawa da cika shekaru Mikhail Semenovich kiwon lafiya fara samun koma baya. Ya kawai ba su da ƙarfi don gudanar da nasu nauyin. Ya ba shi da lafiya na dogon lokaci. A farkon 1854, sai ya tambaye for watanni shida hutu na inganta harkokin kiwon lafiya. Nassi kasashen waje magani bai nuna sakamakon. Saboda haka, a karshen, da Count Vorontsov tambayi Sarkin sarakuna don a tsayar da shi daga duk posts a Bessarabia, a New Rasha da kuma Caucasus. Don Allah Mikhail Semenovich aka sanya.

'yan shekarun nan

A watan Agusta 1856, a cikin babban birnin kasar na sa kambi na Alexander II. Count Vorontsov, wanda biography da aka gabatar a wannan labarin, shi ne ba iya zo, kamar yadda ya sha azaba zazzabi. Mikhail Semenovich ziyarci gida grand shugabannai da rantsuwarsu ya mika shi da na sarki rescript. Saboda haka, count shi ne mafi girma ga daraja bayar da kuma canjawa wuri zuwa filin marshal ta baton, ado da lu'ulu'u.

The title sabon Vorontsov zauna kadan fiye da watanni biyu. Wife ɗauke shi zuwa Odessa, inda Field Marshal, kuma ya mutu a farkon watan Nuwamba. Taron na mazauna dukan zamanai, akudu kuma azuzuwan zo ya ciyar da ya Gwamnan-janar a karshe tafiya. A karkashin Gun kuma igwa volleys Prince Vorontsov jiki da aka saukar a cikin kabari. Ya kuma adana a Odessa babban coci a yau (tsakiyar part, a dama kwana).

ƙarshe

Count M. S. Vorontsov shi ne kawai dattaku wanda a kan kudi ya tashe ta biyan gina da yawa kamar yadda biyu Monuments: a Tiflis da Odessa. Biyu daga cikin hoto rataye a cikin Winter Palace (Soja Gallery). Har ila yau jadawali sunan da aka rubũtacce a kan wani marmara slab, located in St. George Hall na Kremlin. Kuma ya cancanci shi duka. Bayan duk, Mikhail Semenovich ya gwarzo na War of 1812, daya daga cikin mafi ilimi maza daga cikin lokaci, da sojoji da kuma gwamnatin shugabannin, kazalika da mutum mutunci da girmamawa.