Description of ban sha'awa facts da Jupiter ta size a kwatanta da sauran taurari

Jupiter ne karo na biyar duniya daga Sun, da most a cikin hasken rana tsarin. Ratsi da curls a kan ta saman ne sanyi, iska overclocked girgije ya kunshi ammonia, kuma ruwa. A yanayi ne mafi yawa hydrogen da helium, da kuma sanannun Great Red Spot - wata katuwar hadari da cewa shi ne ya fi girma fiye da Earth, ci gaba ga daruruwan shekaru. Jupiter aka kewaye da 53 ya tabbatar da amaryar wata, kazalika da 14 sau, domin a total na 67. Masana kimiyya sun fi sha'awar a cikin mafi girma huɗu abubuwa gano a 1610 da Galileo: Turai, Callisto, Ganymede da IO. Jupiter kuma yana da uku zobba, amma suna da wuya sosai ga, kuma ba su kasance kamar yadda m kamar cewa daga Saturn. A duniya ne mai suna bayan da m Roman bautãwa.

Comparative masu girma dabam na Sun, Jupiter da Duniya

Daga rana wani taurãro cire wani talakawan na 778 da miliyan kilomita, wanda shi ne 5.2 astronomical raka'a. A wannan nesa, hasken bukatar 43 minutes don samun zuwa gas giant. Jupiter ta size dangi zuwa ga Sun ne don haka m cewa su barycenter bayan surface haske a kan 0.068 na ta radius. Planet Duniya ne ya fi girma sosai da kuma da yawa kasa m. Su girma rabo na 1: 1321 da kuma nauyi - kamar yadda 1: 318. Daga cikin cibiyar ga surface na Jupiter ta size a km ne 69911. Wannan ne 11 sau fadi fiye da duniya tamu. Jupiter da Duniya ta size za a iya kwatanta kamar haka. Idan mu duniya da aka dinari, da gas giant zai zama tare da wani kwando. A size rãnã da Jupiter a diamita a rabo na 10: 1, da kuma duniya taro ne 0,001 taro luminary.

Kewayewa da kuma juyawa

A gas giant ne guntu rana a cikin hasken rana tsarin. Duk da size da Jupiter, a rana a duniya yana game 10 hours. A shekara ko juyin juya halin a kusa da rana daukan game da 12 Duniya shekaru. Ekweita aka tilted dangi zuwa ta orbital hanya kawai 3 digiri. Wannan yana nufin cewa Jupiter rotates kusan a tsaye matsayi, kuma ba su da irin wannan pronounced canje-canje na yanayi da cewa faruwa a kan mu da kuma sauran duniyoyi.

samuwar

Planet kafa tare da dukan hasken rana tsarin 4.5 biliyan shekaru da suka wuce, a lokacin da nauyi ya kai ga da samuwar daga Rotary turɓãya da gas. Girma na Jupiter suna lalacewa ta hanyar ganin cewa ya dauki mafi yawan nauyi sauran bayan samuwar taurari. Its girma ne biyu har fiye da sau Sauran al'amari na sauran abubuwa a cikin hasken rana tsarin. Ya kunshi wannan abu a matsayin cewa daga cikin star, amma size na duniya Jupiter ya ba girma isa ya fara Fusion halayen. Game da shekaru biliyan hudu da suka wuce ya juya a kira su da wani gas giant a halin yanzu matsayi a cikin matsanancin hasken rana tsarin.

tsarin

A abun da ke ciki na Jupiter ne kamar rana - kagaggun helium da hydrogen. Deep yanayi matsa lamba da kuma yawan zafin jiki Yunƙurin, compressing da hydrogen gas a cikin ruwa. Saboda wannan, Jupiter most teku a cikin hasken rana tsarin, kunsha na hydrogen maimakon ruwa. Masana kimiyya yi imani da cewa a zurfin watakila halfway zuwa cibiyar na duniya, da matsa lamba zama haka manyan cewa electrons da hydrogen atoms suna guga man, juya shi a cikin wani electrically conductive ruwa karfe. The m juyawa daga cikin gas giant ne a shi da wutar lantarki, igiyoyin da cewa samar da wani karfi Magnetic filin. Shi ne har yanzu ba a sani ba, shin, akwai wani taurãro tsakiyar core na m abu, ko da shi ne a lokacin farin ciki miya superheated baƙin ƙarfe da silicate ma'adanai (irin ma'adini) tare da yawan zafin jiki har zuwa 50 000 ° C.

surface

A matsayin gas giant, Jupiter ba shi da wani gaskiya surface. Planet kunshi gaske na juyawa gas da kuma taya. Tun da kumbon sama jannati ba zai kasa a kan Jupiter, ba zai iya tashi da abinsa lafiya. Extreme matsin lamba da kuma yanayin zafi zurfin ciki da duniyar da murkushe, narke da vaporize jirgin da cewa za su yi kokarin samun cikin da shi.

yanayi

Jupiter kama wani m tapestry na girgije makada da aibobi. Gas duniya yiwuwa yana da uku jinsin girgije Layer a cikin "sama", wanda tare rufe game da 71 km. A saman kunshi ammonia kankara. A tsakiyar Layer ne wata ila don samar da lu'ulu'u ne na ammonium hydrosulfide, kuma ciki - kankara da ruwa tururi. Haske launuka m makada a kan Jupiter iya watsi da sulfur da phosphorus-dauke da gas tashinsa daga subsoil. The m juyawa na duniya halitta mai iko vortex gudana, raba a cikin girgije dogon duhu belts da haske zones.

A rashin wani m surface iya jinkirin, Jupiter damar stains dage domin shekaru masu yawa. Planet maida hankali ne akan fiye da dozin rinjaye iskõki, wasu isa gudun 539 km / h a ekweita. The girma na Red Spot on Jupiter sau biyu fãɗinta kamar Duniya. Ilimi swirling m gani a giant duniya domin fiye da shekaru 300. More kwanan nan, uku kananan m kafa kananan ja tabo, game da rabin girman da ya fi girma dan uwan. Masana kimiyya sani ba ko wadannan ovals da kuma bũlãla encircling duniya m, ko mika nisa a cikin zurfin.

Damar Samar rai

Kewaye Jupiter ta muhalli yiwuwa ne ba zai amfana wa rai kamar yadda muka san shi. Zazzabi, matsa lamba da kuma abubuwa da fahince wannan duniyar tamu ne m ma matsananci da kuma na mutuwa to rayayyun kwayoyin halitta. Ko da yake Jupiter ne da kamar wuya wuri domin masu rai, wannan ba za a iya ce game da wasu da yawa watanni. Turai - daya daga cikin mafi kusantar wurare don duba for rayuwa a cikin hasken rana tsarin. Akwai shaidar kasancewar karkashin garin kankara ɓawon burodi na wani qaton teku a cikinsa rayuwa za a iya ci.

da tauraron dan adam

Mutane da yawa kananan da kuma hudu manyan tauraron dan adam na Jupiter samar da hasken rana tsarin a dada. A duniyar tamu 53 tabbatar da tauraron dan adam, kazalika da 14 na wucin gadi, wanda ya bada a total na 67. Daga cikin wadannan sabon bincike da tauraron dan adam, Masana ilmin ruwaito da International astronomical Union ba su da wani wucin nadi. Da zaran falakinsu aka tabbatar, sun za a hada a cikin yawan m.

A hudu mafi girma a amaryar wata - Europa, IO, Callisto da Ganymede - aka fara gano a cikin 1610 da falakin Galileo yin amfani da wani wuri version na kawo nesa kusa. Wadannan hudu watanni ne yanzu daya daga cikin mafi m yankunan da gudanar da bincike. IO ne mafi volcanically aiki jiki a cikin hasken rana tsarin. Ganymede - most of su (ko da ya fi girma fiye da duniyar Mercury). Na biyu mafi girma da tauraron dan adam Jupiter - Callisto - yana da kadan kananan craters nuna cewa yanzu low mataki na surface aiki. An teku na ruwa ruwa da sinadaran for rayuwa iya karya ƙarƙashin garin kankara ɓawon burodi na Turai, yin shi a riya manufa domin binciken.

zobba

Gano a shekarar 1979 ta NASA ta "Voyager 1" Jupiter ta zobba sun mamaki, tun da aka hada da duhu barbashi kananan size, wanda za a iya gani da rana. Data daga kumbon sama jannati "Galileo" ce cewa zobe tsarin za a iya kafa ta ƙura interplanetary meteoroids fado a kan kananan ciki amaryar wata.

magnetosphere

Gas giant magnetosphere - a yankin na sarari a ƙarƙashin rinjayar da wani karfi Magnetic filin na duniya. Yana kara zuwa nesa na 3.1 miliyan km Sun cewa 7-21 sau da Jupiter masu girma dabam da kuma tapers a cikin nau'i na tadpole wutsiya a biliyan 1 kilomita, kai Saturn falaki. A babbar Magnetic filin a 16-54 sau da iko fiye da Earth ta. Yana rotates da duniya da kuma na kama barbashi tare da wutar lantarki. Kusa da Jupiter kama swarms na cajin barbashi da kuma hanzarta su zuwa sosai high kuzari, samar da m radiation cewa ta dame mafi kusa da tauraron dan adam da kuma lalata wani kumbon sama jannati. A halin maganaɗisu filin sa daya daga cikin mafi ban sha'awa auroral a cikin hasken rana tsarin a zura sandunan na duniya.

binciken

Ko da yake Jupiter aka sani tun zamanin da, na farko cikakken lura da wannan duniyar tamu da aka sanya da Galileo, a 1610 ta amfani da wani m kawo nesa kusa. Kawai kwanan nan ya ziyarci Spaceships, da tauraron dan adam da kuma bincike. 10 th da kuma 11 ga watan "Pioneers", da 1st da 2nd "Voyager" to Jupiter farko ya tashi a shekarar 1970, sa'an nan da "Galileo" da aka aiko zuwa kewayewa da gas giant, kuma yanayi da aka saukar da bincike. "Cassini" sanya cikakken hotuna na duniya a kan hanyar zuwa wani nan kusa Saturn. Next Mission "Juno" isa Jupiter a Yuli 2016

manya manyan abubuwan

• 1610: Galileo Galilei sanya farko cikakken lura na duniya.
• 1973: na farko kumbon sama jannati "Majagaba 10" haye asteroid bel da ke gas giant.
• 1979: The farko da na biyu "Voyager" gano amaryar wata, zobba da volcanic aiki a kan IO.
• 1992: Fabrairu 8 tashi da Jupiter "Ulysses." Nauyi ya canza yanayin da kumbon sama jannati daga jirgin sama na ecliptic, motsi da bincike a karshe madawwama biyu na kudu da arewa sandunan na rana.
• 1994: a yankin na kudancin yammancin duniya na Jupiter karo da nisan kafa da wani ɓaɓɓake daga cikin Shoemaker-Levy.
• 1995-2003: kumbon sama jannati "Galileo" kika aika wani bincike a cikin yanayi na iskar gas giant da aka gudanar na tsawon lokaci lura na duniya, ta zobba da kuma tauraron dan adam.
• 2000: The "Cassini" ya sanya mafi kusa tsarin kula da Jupiter a nesa na game da 10 murabba'in kilomita miliyan yin wani sosai cikakken launi mosaic image na gas giant.
• 2007: images dauka ta NASA kumbon sama jannati New sãsanni a kan hanyar zuwa Pluto, ya nuna sababbin ra'ayoyi da yanayi hadari, zobba, volcanic IO da kuma garin kankara Turai.
• 2009: The Masana ilmin kiyaye nisan kafa ko asteroid a duniya ta kudancin yammancin duniya.
• 2016: kaddamar a shekarar 2011 da "Juno" ya zo Jupiter kuma fara a-zurfin karatu na duniya ta yanayi, ta zurfin tsarin da magnetosphere da kuma manufar alamu na ta asalin da kuma juyin halitta.

pop Al'adu

A babban size of Jupiter ne ba na baya da kuma ta gagarumin gaban a sanannun al'adu, ciki har da fina-finai, TV shows, video wasanni da Comics. A gas giant ya zama wani muhimmin batu a cikin sci-fi movie 'yan'uwa mãtã Wachowski "Jupiter hawa", daban-daban da tauraron dan adam na duniya sun zama mazaunin "Cloud Atlas," "Futurama", "halo" da kuma wasu fina-finan. A cikin fim din "Men a Black", inda Agent J (Will Smith) ya ce cewa daya daga cikin malaman da jũna a gare shi, daga Venus, Agent K (Tommy Lee Jones) ya ce cewa shi ne ainihin daga daya daga cikin tauraron dan adam na Jupiter.