Detinets: wannan shi ne abin da ya ma'ana a rayuwar a cikin birnin da kuma yadda za a wadannan kwanaki?

Don amsa wannan tambaya, abin da Detinets, sauki. A tsakiya, mafi garu ɓangare na birnin a zamanin d Rasha, daga baya ake kira da Kremlin.

Ma'ana Detinets

Bayyana a cikin tarihin daga 1097, kalmar da aka yadu amfani da dama ƙarni. A 1317, lokacin da bayanin da gina Tver aka farko lura da sabon sunan birnin cibiyar - da Kremlin, da sauri ya zama na gaye, da yin amfani da fahimtar abin da Detinets, ya fara bace daga rayuwar yau da kullum kuma ya bace gaba ɗaya.

Tsaro abubuwan kagara

Tsohon Rasha jihar, dake kan hanya "daga Vikings ga Helenawa", yana da wani m ƙasa saboda mutane da yawa waje invaders. Ciki sabani aka warware ma ta soja wajen. A al'ummomi cewa lokaci gaban sojoji da tsaron iyawa daga cikin mazauna sun gaske wani al'amari na rayuwa.

A mafi m ga makiya wuri, ayi a kan dutse, kewaye da moats da wani katako stockade - a Detinets. Tare da irin wannan tsarin zai iya samun lokaci mai tsawo don kiyaye tsaro, ya ɓuya cikin ganuwar birnin ta yawan, babu shakka.

Boys da yara sanar da kayan yau da kullum na yaki, makamai mallaka, ko da kuwa da irin aikin yi a nan gaba. Don kare ƙauyuka, da kuma daga baya birnin tashi dukan duniya.

farar hula kagara

Northern makwabta kira da Rasha ƙasar "Gardariki", da cewa shi ne a kasar tare da wani yawa na birane masu garu, da ta cibiyar a Veliky Novgorod.

Da kuma birnin da aka gaske mai yawa. Fragmented a kan fiefdoms, Russ bai san guda management, kasancewa kullum a Jihar yakin basasa. Sarakuna, da su da yawa, a zuriyarsu, samu a zamanin mulkin ƙasar, gina nasu birnin zama da kuma wani sansanin soja don kare su gādo.

Da farko, ina gina Detinets. Kayyade da wuri shibta yanayi. High wuri da kogin - ainihin bukatun ga ta bayyanar. Da yake ina da karfi na yarima ta ikon, an lugar yafi manyansu da kuma m 'yan ƙasa. Shugabanninmu, manyansu da kuma limaman gina a nan su bẽnãye da fādodinta, suka yi ta zuwa yawa bãyinSa.

Amma birnin ya bude ga sana'a da kuma sana'a, wanda ya miƙa nan a search na aikin da kuma kariya. Ciniki ne mafi yawa tare da kogin. Tillers zaunar a kan karkata ko waje da garun birnin, kusa da allotments.

A garin girma a kusa, mamaye dukan yankin na sansanin soja, sa'an nan ya fita da kuma bayan. Cibiyar na birni rayuwa, a dukan bayyananen, ya zama Detinets. Menene ƙara da muhimmanci ga wuri na iko da dũkiya, shi ne ba abin mamaki ba. Tare da su tituna da kuma shopping yankin, shi ne wata a birnin a cikin birnin.

Muhimmancin ruhaniya na kagara

Church in Detinets gina lokaci guda tare da ganuwar. Tare da taimakon Allah da kuma 'yan ƙasa suka gina birni, da kuma kare shi. Kamar yadda ƙauyuka sprawl a kusa da kagara da aka gina da kuma wasu majami'u, amma birnin na main coci zauna daya cewa ya cikin ganuwar.

Kusa da shi selilos mafi girma da limaman na gari, a cikin kayan ado na Ibada ba tsunduma cikin kudi. A nan ne shine mafi girman hasumiya, wanda aiki a matsayin duka biyu gadin da hasumiya. Kuma a nan mun tafi zuwa ga salla a jira na maƙiyi hari.

Novgorod Kremlin

A Kremlin a Veliky Novgorod - shi ne zamanin d Kremlin a Rasha, wanda za a iya ziyarci yau. Ya tsãmar da ba kawai da ganuwar, hasumiya, da gine-gine, wanda su ne mafi muhimmanci da Monuments, amma kuma ta asali sunan.

Tarihi ce cewa a 1044 a kan kogin Volkhov Yaroslavovich Prince Vladimir (dan Yaroslava Mudrogo) ya fara gina Detinets. Mene ne tsarin zai zauna a wuri guda domin kusan shekara dubu, babu wanda zai iya kwatanta.

A shekara daga baya, yi ya fara a kan babban Novgorod Cathedral - Sophia Church, wanda aka tsarkake a cikin shekaru bakwai. Stone Church, fentin rabin karni bayan yi, shi ya rike wani karamin sashi na frescoes kuma zuwa yau. Babban ɓangare na zanen - karni kafin karshe. Yau - wani babban coci da Novgorod Lardi Church.

Katako Detinets ƙone da kuma sāke gina sake, amma shekaru wahala, kuma sunã rãyar da shi. Yau za mu iya ganin dutse bango tsawo na 8-15 mita. 9 na hasumiyai 12; Episcopal (faceted) majalisar na XV karni. sauran tsoho Monuments.

A tsakiyar wuri a cikin Kremlin square ne da wani abin tunawa ga Millennium na Rasha, tsĩrar da a 1862.

Gine-gine a 1865 daukan Novgorod Museum Reserve, da yawa expositions da kuma nune-nunen wanda suke bude wa baƙi. Yau, akwai yankin kimiyya library, music makaranta, concert zauren. A 'yan asalin imani da cewa wuri mafi kyau a Novgorod - shi ne su Detinets cewa irin wannan kusanci zuwa ga gari ta al'adu cibiyoyin taimaka wa adana tarihi dabi'u da kuma a lokaci guda yin shi damar zuwa mutane.

Asalin kalmar "Detinets"

Sanin daidai da abin da Detinets inda kiyaye tsoho abin tunawa a Rasha, da kuma abin da wuri da ya gudanar a cikin rãyuwar townspeople dauki shekara dubu da suka wuce, kuma a yau, ina son ka fahimci asalin kalmar kanta.

A cewar "Wikipedia", a kan wannan ra'ayin kome 'yan:

1. Lardi Eugene (Bolkhovitinov) a 1808 da shawarar cewa wannan tushen kalmar ita ce "yara", wanda a lokacin da aka kai harin makiya boye bãyan katangu.

2. MH Aleshkovsky yi imani da cewa 'ya'yan sarakuna ba retainers (matasa, yara), suke zaune a wani sansanin soja, ya ba da shi a sunan. Masana sun ɓãta wannan fassarar, jayayya cewa a cikin Novgorod Detinets zauna kawai limaman, sarakuna - kusa da nan a tudun ƙasa.

3. F. Laskowski tabbatar da cewa kalmar zo daga "yi" fi'ili. Tare da hadarin ya ɓuya cikin bangon, "budurwa" duk mafi muhimmanci da taska daga sama zuwa yara.

4. Bisa ga Academician na Ioannina, asalin kalmar hade da tarin a cikin ƙasa na kakanninsa, da dattawa, da magance munanan al'amurran da suka.

Domin fahimtar Novgorod detintsem ba zai isa wata rana. Don ziyarci kusa gidajen ibada, titunan gari da kuma jan hankali, wanda shi ne mai arziki a cikin Veliky Novgorod, kana bukatar fiye da lokaci.