Diaphragmatic hernia - mene ne dalili na aukuwar?

A farko ambaci "diaphragmatic hernia" yana nufin 16th karni. A nasa ne sananne warkarwa na lokaci - Ambroise Pare. Wannan lokaci ya kamata a fahimci infiltration wasu kayan ciki ta hanyar wani aibi a cikin diaphragm.

Ya kamata ka sani cewa a karkashin wani magudi tasowa daga rikitarwa a cikin tayi ci gaba da tayin, akwai iya zama m ko cikakken diaphragm lahani a jarirai. A wannan yanayin, a lokacin da wadannan keta suna faruwa har da samuwar na diaphragm, da hernia ba zai yi wani hernia jakar kwai. Idan sabawa a ci gaba faru bayan samuwar na diaphragm membrane ne tsinkãyi fina-finan kunshi serous hernial jakar kwai ta cikin hernial zobe dauke da wani tsokoki.

Yankin dangane hakarkarinsa ga sternum, wanda shi ne bã tãre da tsokoki, shi ne wurin haifuwa na sterno-costal hernia. In ba haka ba, an kira su sternokostalnymi hernias. Wannan yanayin shigewa ne ake kira sternokostalnym Larrey ta alwatika, kuma a hernia sa akwai, kuma ake kira alwatika Larrey ta hernia.

Diaphragmatic hernia za a iya lalacewa ta hanyar daban-daban dalilai. Bari mu ce, da cutar da aka classified Petrovsky, kamar haka:

1. hernia samu a sakamakon rauni (traumatic hernia):

- ƙarya.

- gaskiya.

2. A ba-traumatic hernia:

- nakasar ƙarya.

- rauni gaskiya hernia budewa zone.

- Diaphragmatic hernia orifices:

- gaskiya hernia atypical sarrafawa.

3. hernia esophageal bude.

4. rare hernia orifices.

Idan diaphragmatic hernia, da bayyanar cututtuka da wanda aka kai tsaye alaka da rauni, ko jikkata, raba kawai a kan ƙarya da gaskiya, da maras-traumatic hernia da fadi rarrabuwa. The kawai ƙarya ne nakasar hernia cewa ya auku saboda da diaphragm lahani (kogon ciki da kuma thoracic cavities).

Domin a gaskiya hernia rauni diaphragm hernia zones hada da sternum-costal alwatika. A wannan yankin, da thorax ne rabu da peritoneum bakin ciki farantin connective nama dake tsakanin peritoneum da pleura.

Retrostenalnye hernia halin da underdeveloped sternum diaphragm yankin.

Musamman rare hernia vena cava, da m jijiya rata da lakã. Mafi na kowa irin (game da 98% na duk lokuta) ne diaphragmatic hiatus hernia.

Yana yana da sifofin. Akwai da dama iri da wannan cuta. Wadannan hernia ne: hawa, tare da wani canji a cikin esophagus (tare da rage, ba tare da rage). cardiac. subtotal. kardiofundalnaya. total.

Data kasance paraesophageal hernias kasu kashi: hanji, shaƙewa, fundic, gastrointestinal.

Masana sun rarrabe tsakanin:

1. nakasar "taqaitaccen esophagus".

2. paraesophageal hernia, a cikin abin da ɓangare na ciki ana located a gefe na esophagus.

3. hiatal hernia zamiya, a da cardiac esophagus ciki yanki za a iya retracted a cikin ƙirjinka kogo.

Paraesophageal hernia, kamar yadda da zamiya iya zama nakasar ko samu, amma shi ne mafi rare fiye da samu tare da nakasar hernia. A mutanen da suka kai shekaru 40, suna da yawa fiye da na kowa samu hernia. Na bayar da muhimmanci shi ne shekaru involution kyallen takarda, abu don fadada da kuma weakening na esophageal bude Hadin diaphragm da kuma esophagus.

Mafi na kowa hanyar herniation ne abubuwa guda biyu. Daya factor -pulsatsionny, cikinsa da hernia aka kafa saboda da karuwa a ciki-ciki matsa lamba (m motsa jiki, flatulence, overeating, ciki, m saka belts m). Wani factor - da gogayya da ake dangantawa da gipermotorikoy esophagus lalacewa ta hanyar m amai.

A muhimmiyar rawa a kayyade da ganewar asali taka X-ray jarrabawa. Diaphragmatic hernia kasu kananan diamita (3 cm), matsakaici (3 zuwa 8 cm) da kuma manyan (fiye da 8 cm).

Diaphragmatic hernia da za a bi da ra'ayin mazan jiya da hanyoyin iya ba sarrafa da ake so sakamakon, shi ne mafi kyau a bi surgically.