Dzhim Klark - racer "Formula 1". Biography, nasarori a wasanni

Ya - wani labari na racing. A m kamar gudun da drive. Ya - ƙarami zakara na "Formula 1", kuma mahara lashe. Kuma kamar wani jarumi. Ya - James (Jim) Clark!

yara

Haife gaba zakaran duniya a hanya racing a watan Maris 1936, a cikin karamin kauye Kilmani (Scotland). Iyaye James - kyau-kashe manoma da suke shafe lokaci mai tsawo a wurin aiki da kuma damuwa. Daga farkon yara, Jim aka kafa fita don zama wani mataimaki kuma magaji na mahaifinsa. Daga cikin yara shida ya Clarkes daya yaro wanda ya hakkokin dan ci gaba da aikin da iyaye da kuma kula da gona da kansu.

Amma yaron bai relish damar yin rayuwa mai zaunar da rai kuma har tsunduma a noma da kuma dabbobi husbandry.

Yana da suka fito a cikin Scottish bude sarari, jariri numfashi da sabo iska 'yanci, ko da yaushe sha'awar wasanni motoci da kuma high-gudun hawa.

Saba da wasanni

A shekaru na goma sha uku, Jimmy ke zuwa a babbar makaranta a Edinburgh - babban birnin kasar Scotland mulkin. Akwai ya da dama cikin soyayya da wasanni - An kai a kai tsunduma a wasan kurket da hockey. Wasa a matsayin tawagar taimake shi ya ci gaba da kai-horo da kuma ruhu na hadin gwiwa, karfi ko tsoron.

Ga Dzhim Klark gana da auto racing. Ya farincikin tattara bayanin kula daga periodicals daga cikin mafi kyau direbobi da kuma fi sauri motoci.

A farko matakai wajen Manufar wasanni

A makaranta, Jimmy dakatar da shi a taƙaice. Iyaye yanke shawarar cewa Guy kana bukatar ka samu amfani gona rayuwa, da kuma dauki shi gida. Tun daga nan, matasa Clark ya zama da tsanani aiki tare da mahaifinsa, da koyo da ins da sabani na aikin gona da ciniki.

Duk da haka, da yardar samu a wasanni, kuma drive da tuki azumi ne ba don haka da sauki manta. Jim tana aiki akan gonar, amma a asirce mafarki to cinye racing Olympus. Af, aiki a kan gona da kuma shiga cikin jinsi Clark gudanar ya hada da sauran na kwana!

By manufarta Guy ke sannu a hankali. Da farko tsegumi ke bi da iyali mota, sa'an nan samun wani lasin. A ko'ina, har ma a wani filin a kan wani tarakta, matasa James mafarkai na high-gudun tuki da kuma nasara nasarori.

Domin Jimmy tãyar da kudi saya da farko "Talbot", wanda aka hannu a qananan haduwa, da kuma sauran high-gudun gasa.

Duk wannan lokaci da Guy ya iyaye su yi wa ayukan hutu gudu da kuma kokarin yin tasiri da ɗansa, m to su dukan abũbuwan amfãni daga gona rayuwa. Duk da haka, lallashewa da kuma lalata kadan amsa a kan saurayi. Ya ga wani burin da mafadaci tafi da ita.

farko nasara

Nasara bi juna, da kuma son tsẽre, Jimmie shiga cikin German auto-racing tawagar, Porsche. A shekara daga baya, ya hada da wani Jamus tawagar dauki wani mutum nagari goma wuri a tseren "24 Hours na Le Mans." Wannan hamayya, da aka gudanar a kai a kai tun 1923 a kusa da Faransa birnin Le Mans, tawagar cak hannu ba sosai a kan gudun amma jimiri da kuma yadda ya dace.

Mahalarta gasar shi ne dole ka nemi wani tsakiyar ƙasa tsakanin gudu da kuma AMINCI na mota, wanda kamata ya rike fita ashirin da hudu a kan hanya ba tare da wani fasaha breakdowns da kuma diyya, kazalika da bukatar yin m amfani da consumable kayan: man fetur, birki gammaye da kuma tayoyin.

Mafi yawan wannan gasar ya dogara da halin iya jurewa da kuma fasaha na matukin jirgi na wani racing mota, kamar yadda ya yi da suke ciyarwa a baya da dabaran da wani talakawan na hudu a lokaci, jiran canji na tawagar-aboki a gaba rami tasha.

The kwarewa tsiwirwirinsu da Jim a tseren "24 Hours na Le Mans", ya na da wani tasiri a kan sauran ya aiki farawa avtosportsmena.

wani muhimmanci taron

Bayan takara a kullum hamayya Le Mans wasanni motoci sun zama wani muhimmin bangare ne na rayuwar matasa direba.

Yana fa, tã hankalin nasara Birtaniya avtokonstruktor Colin Chapman, wanda ya kafa nasa kamfanin domin samar da racing da wasanni motoci.

Car "Lotus" - wannan m firtsi Chapman, reworked da modified daga sauran san musamman ga mota racing "Formula 1".

A shekarar 1958 Colin fara nasa racing tawagar su shiga a cikin almara tseren - Team Lotus.

Kallon hawa Jimmy Chapman na aka fascinated da dabaru da kuma ƙarfin hali na wannan matasa novice mahaya ya miƙa shi a wuri a tawagar.

Domin Clarke, shi ne wata farin ciki damar karya daga cikin kananan sarkar qaramar events, kuma tana bayyana basira a duniya.

Tun daga shekarar 1960, James zaune a kan mota, "Lotus" da kuma fara shiga a cikin "Formula 2", da kuma a 'yan watanni baya - da kuma a cikin "Formula 1".

Dzhim Klark: "Formula 1", farkon

A wannan shekara, Jimmy daukan uku wuri a cikin takwas zagaye na duniya gasar racing a cikin aji "Formula 1". A gasar da aka gudanar a ranar 14 ga watan Agusta tunawa a kan hanya, aza a kan titunan birnin na Porto (Boavista).

Wannan kakar aka alama da dama mummunan a cikin mota line. Chris Bristow karya da kuma jikinsa ya rage don wani lokaci kwance a racing tsiri. Gigice, Jim gudanar da za a kewaye da wannan mummunan wuri, amma har yanzu stained da jinin da mota.

Bayan 'yan laps, akwai wani mummunan mutuwa - kashe Officer Clark ta tawagar - Alan Steysi mutu saboda gaskiyar cewa tsuntsu soki cikin shi.

Duk da mafarki mai ban tsoro cewa Marinjãyi a kan hanya, Jimmy kokarin yi na matuqar ya lashe, kuma shi kuwa ba a banza: overall Dzhim Klark dauki goma wuri.

Game da wannan lokaci da direba samu zinariya a cikin matasa tseren da kuma tagulla a gasar "24 Hours na Le Mans." Duk da haka, yau da kullum gasar ne zama dole ba ga liking wa saurayin, kuma ya ne ba a cikin shekaru masu zuwa ya dauki bangare a cikin shi.

tsawo

A na gaba kakar, "Formula 1" Dzhim Klark samu iznin yin magana a duk Grand Prix gasa. A gasar da aka gudanar daga May har goma sha huɗu Oktoba 8 da kuma kunshi takwas, saukarwa. Scottish matukin sau biyu zo zuwa podium, da kuma a cikin sauran standings a bakwai wuri.

A cikin bakwai mataki na gasar, goma na Satumba, lokacin da yake magana a cikin Italian Grand Prix, a breakneck gudu Clarke karo da mota daga cikin shahararrun racing direban Wolfgang von tafiye-tafiye. Machine mahara World Champion zabo skyward da kuma fadi a kan masu sauraro. Von tafiye-tafiye da suka auku daga cikin gida, ya mutu nan take. Motarsa ya kashe goma sha uku mutane.

Wannan mummunan hadarin ya Ya sanya wani kafu daram a Jim Clark. A wani Jihar buga, ya bar tseren, amma bayan 'yan kwanaki sai ya shirya gasa da jagoranci a cikin Amurka Grand Prix.

takeoff

A cikin gasar da 1962 Dzhim Klark mayar da su cikin sabon dabara na abokinsa, Colin Chapman. "Lotus 25" har yanzu a matsayin daya daga cikin mafi kyau racing motoci a tarihi. A ta inganta "Lotus" Jimmy ya ciyar a kakar kuma aka shirya don zama shugaban, amma fasaha matsaloli hana. A lokacin da tara da kuma karshe mataki na gasar, da aka gudanar a Afirka ta Kudu, Dzhim Klark zo saukar a kan sashen dutsen saboda wani mai zuba.

Ko da yake James bai ci nasara a cikin wannan kakar, ta haske walƙiya wasanni ya tabbatar wa duniya da cewa ya - ya fi sauri da kuma mafi gogaggen mahayi. "Formula 1" ya samu wani sabon tauraro mai hasken. Kuma wannan da aka tabbatar a cikin wadannan kakar, inda Dzhim Klark cimma wannan high-karshen na farko da wuri da kuma title na zakaran duniya. Shi ne mai tsananin haske nasara peremptory: Graham Hill lashe lambar azurfa bayan ya lashe zaben a shekara ta ashirin da bakwai da maki!

A cikin wannan shekara mai nasara autopilot daukan na biyu wuri a tseren, "500 miles na Indianapolis" (tseren, "Indy 500").

All aka sa idon na gaba kakar na duniya jinsi. Sun yi aiki Dzhim Klark - ban mamaki da kuma babban racer. "Formula 1" neman gaba zuwa wani sabon nasara domin m Zakaran.

A kakar 1964 jagorancin autopilot amincewa tafiya zuwa nasara, inda ya lashe uku Grand Prix ba, amma shi taƙaice da m taron for fasaha dalilai. Wannan ne saboda da canji a cikin mota kasa dogara da kuma m - "Lotus 33".

Duk da wadannan matsaloli (misali, a kan biyar mataki na tseren, a cikin UK, Jim ga gaci tseren a kan uku ƙafafun), Clark ya ɗauki uku wuri. A nasara tafi zuwa ga wakilin na United Kingdom - John Surtees.

biyu rabo

Janairu-Fabrairu 1965, Jimmy ciyar a kan hunturu gasar, inda ya dauki fari, ta lashe wasanni biyar.

Bugu da ari, a cikin wannan shekara, ya sa hannu a "Formula 1", ya kulla da gasar League a shekarar 1963, da nuna wani m m game: shida nasarori a cikin Grand Prix, shida podiums, shida iyakacin duniya matsayi. Biyu zakaran duniya a shekara ashirin da tara - akwai wani abu to ku yi alfahari da kuma wani abu ya yi farin ciki!

Tare da World Championships Dzhim Klark dauki bangare a wani tseren fi so - "500 miles na Indianapolis," wanda shi ma ya lashe tare da kwanyarsa da kuma babbar sha'awa. Domin wannan taron, James ma ya yanke shawarar ya yi hadaya da sa hannu a cikin Monaco Grand Prix.

bayan nasarar

Tun shekarar 1966, a cikin "Formula 1" uku-lita injuna da aka warware. By wannan nuna ba mu kasance a shirye "Lotus", kuma ba ta halittawa. Saboda haka, Jim dauki kawai na shida wuri a cikin gasar tebur, bayan ta lashe kawai daya Grand Prix - a Amurka.

Wadannan kakar, Clarke da aka shirya kamar yadda bai taba kafin. Ta samu gagarumar nasara na Grand Prix na Burtaniya, da Netherlands, Amurka da kuma Mexico, ya lashe a samu lambar tagulla saboda m taron a Afirka ta Kudu, Monaco, Jamus, Faransa da kuma Canada.

A wannan shekara, da direba sake shan kashi a gasar "Indy 500", wanda bautarka na biyu wuri.

The ban tausayi 1968 ya fara ga almara autopilot quite da kyau. Ya lashe tare da shan kashi na Afrika ta Kudu Grand Prix (shi ya ashirin da biyar nasara a ba kasa). Sa'an nan ya dauki kashi a wasu sauran gasanni, inda ya kuma dauki gubar farko wuri (alal misali, tseren "Formula 2" a Barcelona).

Tun kafin na gaba Grand Prix, "Formula 1" ne kawai 'yan watanni, Dzhim Klark yanke shawarar da ya ziyarci ma sauran gasa. Saboda haka, bakwai na watan Afrilu, ya tafi zuwa ga jinsi, "Formula 2" a Jamus.

Dzhim Klark: hatsari

A cewa ban tausayi rana a Hockenheimring James, kamar yadda ya saba, ya dauki bangare a gudun hamayya, amincewa rike da handlebars fi so mota da kuma kusan babu ji na tashin hankali ko tashin hankali. Yana da aka zuba ruwan sama, da mota, da yankan da ruwa bango da kuma barin wani dogon SPRAY, tafiya a gudu gabatowa 250 km / h.

A karo na biyar da'irar. "Lotus" Jim iya ba cimma wasu motoci. Racer sabõda motsi presses a kan gas da kuma mota ... Back ko ta yaya kai ga hagu. Clark kokarin tsananin baƙin ciki ikon matakin da na'ura, amma ta ki cika. A breakneck gudu mota jũya a kaikaice to hagu gefen hanya, da kuma ba tare da fuskantar kan ta hanyar ceto shinge da kuma cikas, ya tashi a cikin plantation yankin.

Daga cikin iko karo da wata itãciya mota rafke cikin guda. A engine kuma gearbox sun Flown tamanin mita tare da bango, da gaban sashi na jiki zuwa sama a tafi a kan daɓen da, da kuma mahayi, yayin da har yanzu a cikin kokfit, bayar da umarnin rike.

Bayan wani lokaci zuwa wani tsaya a wani matattu mãyen matukin jirgi ya isa likita. Unmoved da Jimmy sveshennoy gefen shugaban ya sa shi matsananciyar motsin rai: "Shi ne har yanzu da rai!".

Na'am, mai girma racer yana da rai, amma kuma ya mutu a kan isowa a asibitin saboda m wuyansa karaya da m shugaban raunin.

Yana da shekara talatin da biyu da shekaru ...

Sanadin mutuwar

Da farko, an sanar da cewa Dzhim Klark rasa iko. Sa'an nan akwai jita-jita, da cewa ya kasance daga cikin na baya hagu hula - canza ko deflated. Amma cewa bai bayyana dalilan da mummunan bala'i. Gaskiyar ita ce, da ciwon fasaha laifi, wani gogaggen mahayi sauƙi iya bi da fita daga cikin halin yanzu matsaloli da kuma dakatar da fitina mota. Kuma tun da shi bai faru ba, ya wajaba ya nemi sauran m bayani, "Formula 1" star mutuwa.

Da yawa daga baya, bayan wani dogon shekara talatin, an gano cewa, dalilin mutuwar na Clark ya zama wani tsanani matsalar aiki na samfur na mota. Mafi m, ya karya da raya dakatar, saboda abin da tseren mota ya daina yin biyayya da kuma sarrafawa da motoci a cikin gwani hannun mai sana'a.

tunaninsu

A kan mutuwa da Jimmy tsananin wahalar da yawa daga cikin abokansa a cikin shagon, kuma ko da kishiyoyinsu, ba a ma maganar da m magoya kuma Raya Makon. Kowane mutum na tunanin da Scot exceptionally hazaka mahayi iya lashe fiye da daya suna. Mu yi tunani game da shi kamar yadda mai kyau, m aboki da kuma kaskantar da kai a m mutum.

Yanzu a cikin wuri inda Dzhim Klark aka kashe, a tunawa giciye sa.