Features karfe 65h13: Properties, daga bãyan wancan. Reviews na karfe 65h13 wukake

A yau masana'antu yana amfani da wata babbar adadin karfe. Su halaye, kazalika da dama nomenclature, shi ne da gaske m. Duk da haka, a cikin daban-daban sassa, akwai har yanzu ya fi na kowa, kuma hanya maki wannan abu ana amfani da sosai musamman dalilai.

Alal misali, cikin halaye na karfe 65h13 bayar da shawarar yin amfani da wani abu don samar da daban-daban ruwan wukake. Me ya sa muke haka m? Don gano, za ka iya karanta wannan labarin.

Karfe. Halaye na bakin karfe

Idan aka sosai Sauki, shi ya zama sananne a matsayin gami da na baƙin ƙarfe, da carbon. Kuri'a na carbon - baƙin ƙarfe, low - tin. "Madyana" jiha za a iya kira karfe. Its daban-daban iri suna tsare ba kawai, kuma ba sosai rabbai na baƙin ƙarfe ne da carbon kamar yadda daban-daban alloying tarawa da kuma impurities cewa goya daban-daban Properties na karfe.

Da kaddarorin gami dogara ne a kan sinadaran da aka gyara da suke kunshe a cikin abun da ke ciki da kuma a kan aiki da yanayin shawara. Wani lokaci kumshin karfe shawara, idan aka hada da dama yadudduka na daban-daban brands, ko Damascus, inda littattafai, akwai da dama da daruruwan yadudduka (daya mark). Wadannan tilas aka gyara iya sun hada da:

• Idan jimlar adadin Additives ne kasa da 1.5%, muna magana ne game da sifofin cewa inganta inji, jiki da kuma sinadaran Properties daga cikin category na kayan. 1.5% - dopants imparting lalata juriya karfe.

• Carbon. Sinadarin wannan, kamar yadda muka ce, shi ne ba a duk irin gami, ba shi da rigidity da kuma ƙarfi. Rarar shi dai karfe ƙarfe.

Brief halaye na wuka karfe

A general, ban da baƙin ƙarfe, a cikin tsarin da yaushe ya hada da carbon da chromium. Ka lura da cewa a cikin carbon karfe ga ruwan wukake iya zama kasa da 0.5%. Masana sun yi imani da cewa mafi kyau duka abun ciki - 1%. Karfe, wanda riga dauke 1.25% carbon, zama sosai m, amma musamman m. Idan akwai bukatar irin wannan abu a cikin abun da ke ciki sun hada da vanadium da molybdenum.

Duk da haka, akwai ma wani damask karfe, wanda kullum yana dauke 1.5-2% na carbon (har zuwa 4% a wasu lokuta). Su ƙarfi da sassauci ne ya sa ta musamman Forging da tempering fasaha.

Main alloying yayan

Chrome. Wannan Bugu da kari da ake bukata ba abu juriya da ya sa, kazalika da yiwuwar ta hardening. Hakika, shi ya sa a Chrome karfe gaske bakin. Amma wannan ya hada da category kawai irin abu, wanda ya ƙunshi ba kasa da 13% na ƙari. A ãdalci ya kamata a lura da cewa corrodes kusan kowane karfe: shi duka ya dogara da yanayi da kuma aiki gaban / rashi na kula.

Manganese. Yana bada kayan musamman graininess da kuma irin zane, wanda na taimaka wa mai kaifi karuwa a cikin ƙarfin halaye na ruwa, kazalika da ta sagè. Akwai Kalmar "kashe karfe", wanda ya shafi wadanda gami wanda aka inganta da Bugu da kari na manganese. Lura cewa karfe 65h13 halaye (rigidity, da dangi taurin) saboda da gaban irin wannan Additives.

Molybdenum. Musamman muhimmin kashi kamar yadda ya hana brittleness da fragility daga cikin ruwa, da kayan domin yi na wanda yake kunshe da yawa carbon. Mahimmanci, karfe, "iska hardenable", da a cikin abun da ke ciki a kalla 1% molybdenum, ta hanyar abin da wannan quenching irin kullum ya zama mai yiwuwa. Wasu yi imani da cewa wannan ƙari bada gami tauri da kuma taurin.

Nickel. Da fari dai, gami da hidima don goya da danko. Abu na biyu, kuma da dopant, abin da na tsare da karfe daga lalata. A general, domin totality of wadannan halaye sosai kama da molybdenum.

Silicon. Oddly isa, amma aka yi amfani da su sa na roba ruwa na wuka. A wasu madaidaci, da kaddarorin ne kamar irin waɗanda na manganese.

Wolfram. Musamman rare tare da masana'antun na Elite wukake a matsayin amfani da su da cika fuska inganta zaman lafiyar da samfurin sa. Ya kuma bada karfe musamman taurin da kuma jure ko matsananci yanayin zafi. Idan tungsten da aka hada tare da molybdenum ko chromium, da kayan zama "HSS". Digress: tungsten, nickel da molybdenum - key ƙari ba kawai ga yi na ruwa karfe, amma kuma a samar da tank makamai. ba shi yiwuwa a samu wani gaske high quality shi ba tare da wadannan abubuwa.

Vanadium. Kamar yadda masu yawa na wadannan Additives imparts taurin da kuma ƙarfin karfe. Yana da muhimmanci a samar da lafiya-grained gami. An ba kawai amfani ga yi na cutlery steels, amma kuma ga ci gaban da wannan tank makamai.

Wasu sun gaskata cewa ya kamata a dangana ga Additives da nitrogen, amma wannan ra'ayi ba daidai ba ne: gaskiya cewa gami da ya samun fita daga iska, da kuma wasu sakamako a kan ta yi ba shi da babu.

ballast

Nitrogen, kazalika da wasu sauran abubuwa da cewa ne ko da yaushe ba a cikin karfe. Irin wannan abubuwa suna kira ballast. Duk da haka, lokaci-lokaci har yanzu suna da gangan kara wa gami abun da ke ciki, kamar yadda wasu daga cikinsu suna iya inganta ta yi. Wasu (sulfur da phosphorus, misali) ya kamata kullum ba su kasance ba a gami: da abun ciki da aka iyakance zuwa mahara nagartacce.

Abin da duk muka fentin? Gaskiyar cewa kana da ya zama bayyana game da janar halaye na wuka steels, kamar yadda da yawa daga cikinsu suna sosai musamman, ba wai kawai a cikin wucewa, misali, a kan gami amfani da samar da boilers, ko wani abu kamar haka ba. Saboda haka, a wasu lokuta da karfe 65h13 sa, da kaddarorin wadda aka bayyana a cikin daki-daki a kasa, saboda da babban abun ciki na phosphorus da sulfur zama quite m domin samar da wukake.

Mene ne mafi kyau karfe domin samar da wukake?

Saboda haka wanda iri ne mafi kyau dace don samar da wukake? Very m tambaya, tun amsar shi dubbai kuma babu yarjejeniya (da kuma iya ba). Yawanci ya dangana a kan hanya na quenching da kuma karewa. Ko m karfe za a iya juya a cikin wani yanki na slag ba daidai ba shi taurare. Masana sun yi imani da cewa mafi dace wa da mafiya yawa daga cikin yanayi ne da ruwan wukake sanya wata kumshin juna: Carbide "kumatunta" da kuma wani m karfe core.

Amma yana da da lyrics, saboda muna da sha'awar a cikin iri na kayan. Karfe 65h13 yau za mu tattauna, kamar yadda ta 97% na cikin gida masana'antun amfani da wukake.

Overview

Wannan ne ya fi kowa, kuma shasi m karfe dace don samar da wukake. Letter "X" a tsakiyar sunan ya nuna cewa abun da ke ciki na kayan yana da wani chromium, wanda ya sa ya baro su lalata. Mafi sau da yawa, da karfe amfani a yi na likita kida da kayan aiki ga masana'antun sarrafa kayayyakin abinci. Wukake daga shi ma samu quite mai kyau quality, ko da yake wasu za jayayya da cewa su da sauri tupyatsya.

A musamman irin karfe ne halin da 65h13? An yi imani da cewa saboda ta wukake ba tsatsa taba (idan ba a la'akari da m sinadaran yanayi). Ba mamaki, kusan dukan kewayon m wukake sa shi daga wannan abu. Ya kamata a lura da cewa halaye na karfe 65h13 ne sosai a kusa da American iri 425mod. Tare da kyau quenching biyu kayan nuna kyakkyawan sakamako.

ƙarfi

Abin mamaki, amma ko da m magoya wukake, wani lokacin diametrically saba a kan taurin da karfe. Wani yana zaton shi "m", yayin da wasu ce game da ita "high taurin" ko "talakawan" yi. Saboda haka ta yaya ne abubuwa a gaskiya? Da farko, bari mu magana game da janar Concepts.

A duniya Rockwell raka'a aka yi amfani da fassarar taurin, da ya nuna cewa akwai wani na kowa nadi HRc. Ya kamata a lura da cewa mafi kyau nuna alama ga ruwan wukake ne 40 zuwa 60 raka'a, cikinsa da karfe tare da m taurin ne mafi kyau ga aiki kayayyakin aiki, daga 52 zuwa 58 raka'a. Idan manufacturer ikirarin 60 ko fiye Hrc, ya zama a kan jijjiga: ko dai top-aji samfurin, ko wani banal saki m mai saye.

To, abin da suke da halaye na karfe 65h13? Masana sun ce cewa a cikin m tempering ta taurin 56-59 HRC. Softness nan kuma ba sansana. Saboda haka inda ya yi da labaru cewa wannan karfe ne taushi da kuma sa sauri? Yana da sauki.

Batun nan ne banal al'adun samar. Yana yakan faru ne cewa unscrupulous masana'antun da ba su biya yawa da hankali ga tempering da annealing. Bugu da kari, shi kuma ya faru da cewa karfe 65h13 ba amfani a duka, amma maimakon abubuwa a matsayin alama 20x13. Its hardening taurin kawai 45-48 raka'a. Ga kuma akwai labaru game da "softness" na karfe, wanda shi ne mai real fasalin - 56-59 HRC Rockwell raka'a!

A takaice, rufe topic. Da zarar kuma ga dukan - karfe 65h13 (reviews na wukake daga abin da muka tattauna a kasa) ne isasshe cheap da na kowa, amma shi ne m (ko da yake ba sosai high quality). Muhimmanci! Yana kamata a lura da cewa kalit wannan abu zuwa wani taurin fiye da 57 raka'a Rockswell a gida ne ba shi daraja, domin irin wannan ruwa zai iya har yanzu fara dakushewa karkashin load.

wasu falalolin

Aiki gefen ruwan wukake ba yiwuwa ga chipping, ko da m amfani, da kuma za su ci gaba da wuka da kyau kamar yadda mai tsanani bends da bumps. Saboda da rashin ingancin a karfe alloying abubuwa ruwa za su yi girma m wajen sauri, amma zai iya rushe da kuma sauri. Hakika, saboda da rashin guda ƙari tribological Properties na wannan karfe sa ne ba ma mai kyau, amma suna da yawa fiye da irin wannan kididdigar da gaske taushi iri.

Amma gogaggen hikers da masoya na wukake ce game da wani amfani da wannan gami da wukake daga shi. Tun da abun da ke ciki na wannan abu ne ma ba dopants wanda zai samar da karin karfin (duba ƙasa), da geometrical sanyi na ruwa zai iya zama cikakken wani. Wannan 65h13 (reviews ce wannan abu) kwantanta favorably tare da "masu sana'a" maki daga karfe tare da wanda wannan dabarar ba za ta yi aiki.

A sunadarai abun da ke ciki na karfe

Ku tuna da abin da muka yi magana, game a farkon labarin? Mun tattauna da dama Additives cewa zai iya zama ba a cikin littattafai na wukake. Mene ne karfe 65h13? Reviews nuna cewa wannan abu ba ya kasance a cikin Elite category, da kuma bayani ne mai sauki. Don yin shi sauki fahimta, kawai karanta tebur, abin da muka gabatar a kasa.

carbon	Chrome	manganese	molybdenum	nickel	silicon	sulfur	phosphorus	selenium
0,65	13	1	0.75		1	0.03	0,04	0.75

Wannan bambanci tsakanin karfe 65h13. Halaye (martani dogara a kan su kai tsaye) nuna cewa dukan dopants a wannan yanayin, a isa yawa, akwai kawai wani Chrome. Wannan na samar da wani kyakkyawan lalata juriya. In mun gwada kamar yadda karfi da hawaye da kuma bukatar yawaita wasa saboda da rashin musamman Additives.

Muhimmanci! Tebur ya nuna cewa da alama 65h13 (feedback wanda muka duba yiwuwar) kadan sulfur da phosphorus. Amma! A Stores cikakken Sin craft wanda aka sanya (as kalla) na wannan karfe, wanda ya hada da mafi 0.06% na sulfur da phosphorus. Wannan ma bad, saboda taurin 65h13 kara kara habaka da illar da wadannan impurities daga datti.

Da fari dai, kasar Sin riga sau da yawa overheat da wuka. Haka kuma, wannan take kaiwa zuwa chipping ruwa. Abu na biyu, a babban abun ciki na wadannan cutarwa impurities take kaiwa zuwa wani kaifi karuwa a hadarin karaya sanyi wuka, ko da lokacin da talakawan tsanani lodi. Af, a kan wannan nuance ya dogara a kan abin da ya faru na ɗumbin mafiya yawan korau reviews.

A takaice, za mu sake bayyana wasu hare-hare, wanda ya fallasa karfe 65h13 (halaye) na Sin .Nozh gami, har ma ga shi, da kuma etched sunan da iri, ba za a dauka a ɗauka da sauƙi! Abin baƙin ciki, mutane da yawa saba da yawon bude ido, masunta da mafarauta gaba daya manta game da manufacturer, fifita zargi ga karye ruwa juji a kan sosai iri na karfe, ko da yake da shi a wannan harka, kuma da abin yi.

Reviews na wukake

Kamar yadda ka gani, da ra'ayoyi da wukake daga cikin gami isa. Kuma da yawa na masu kyau da kuma sosai korau reviews. A Sanadin wadanda da sauran mu wajen bincika a daki-daki, a sama, sabili da haka a kan sauran maki ba zai yi daina. Bari mu magana game da mutum wukake na karfe, wanda shi ne musamman na kowa daga m masunta, naman kaza tsince tsincen da dayansu.

"The Bear"

Common halaye sun hada da:

• A total tsawon shi ne 23.5 santimita.

• A tsawon na mike ruwa - 11.5 cm.

• ruwa nisa ne 28 mm.

• Ruwa kauri - 2.8 mm.

A wuka sanye take da wani gwada da m rike (3.3 cm), wanda ya yi daidai kage a cikin hannun kuma ba ya zamewa, ko idan wani mutum rika zufa. Sauran siffofin daga daban-daban masana'antun sãɓawa jũna. Saboda haka, a wasu lokuta, da ruwa ya etched a cikin nau'i na beyar, yayin da wasu masana'antun da ba shi da irin yi.

Matsayin mai mulkin, babu matsara a kan ruwa, amma da yawa masana'antun bugu da žari shardanta da yiwuwar ta kafuwa (ko da na karafa masu daraja). A dukkan lokuta, na rike da aka yi da irin goro, amma Hanyar da aka makala shi ne daban-daban (sau da yawa samu al'ada riveting).

Duk da haka, mu ba su da sha'awar da shi. Mene ne ban sha'awa wuka 65h13 "Bear" buyers kamar game da shi magana mutane sun sanya wani saya? Da farko, da suka so Farashin: daga 1350 rubles a cikin "tushe sa" ba tare da frills da daraja karafa a gama. Domin wannan jimla, kuna hukunta da sake dubawa, ku sami cikakken wuka ga waje ayyuka, wanda yake a cikin filin iya kaifafa kusan "a kan dutsen."

Tun da tsawon da ruwa daidai a cikin 'yan dokoki, adduna "Bear" ba. Mutane da yawa kamar sauki, ba tare da kaifi, kuma mai lankwasa Lines, da lissafi na sabon bangare. Domin sauki kula wuka. Yana da muhimmanci a lokacin da sayen kula ko wani musamman manufacturer stinted al'ada ƙusa riko. Kuna hukunta da sake dubawa, wannan sau da yawa ceton. Bugu da kari, muna bada shawara mai karfi zabar wani model tare da Garda wasu masana'antun rike ba sosai da kyau da tsari, da kuma saboda hannu smeared a jini ko kitse, zai iya zamewa a kan sabon abu.

A saboda wannan dalili, za mu bayar da shawarar saya "Bear" tare da Birch rike, saboda ta hannu ne kusan ba-zamewa.

"Tiger"

Wani memba na wuka "zoo." Ya bambanta da na baya jinsunan, shi ne a hukumance da sassaƙa. Kamar yadda a baya hali, da abin kwaikwaya iya amfani da ruwa. Yawa fadi m sunayen domin itacen rike, daga dukan wannan kwaya to wenge da sauran sukar lamiri kankara. The sosai wuka "Tiger" 65h13 yana da wadannan halaye:

• A total tsawon ne 27 santimita.

• Ruwa - 14.5 santimita.

• Da hankali ne kõma zuwa ga ruwa nisa, wanda yake daidai da 42 mm.

• The complete sa ya hada da fata daina kai hare hare.

Kamar yadda ka gani, da girma da wuka shi ne mafi girma fiye da na "Bear." Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa shi ne musamman rare tare da masunta da mafarauta suka fi son dogon forays a cikin gandun daji: kuna hukunta da sake dubawa, mutane ne burge ta dogon ruwa, wanda shi ne dace don sassaƙa da ganima. Kamar dukan sauran karfe wukake 65h13, blunts gwada da sauri tare da m amfani, amma kamar yadda sauri tochitsya. A wannan yanayin, kamar yadda a baya kamar yadda sau da yawa yiwu don sarrafa mai sauki na'urar.

A wasu lokuta, masana'antun domin jawo hankalin "aesthetes" Curry tare da wannan wuka sosai m abubuwa. Alal misali, yana yiwuwa su hadu da "Tiger" tare da wani shafi na titanium da tungsten shaida, kuma plated ruwan wukake bayar da kusan dukkan masana'antun. Wannan kawai da m darajar da wadannan wukake ne kusa da sifili.

Gogaggen masu amfani ce sun fesa (subject to ainihin amfani), a wani hali da zai karye kashe da kuma abrasions. A sakamakon haka, da wuka shi ne kamar Panda: da sãɓãwar dukan kuma peeled sassa na ruwa ba ya duba ma aesthetically m. Bugu da kari, da farashin da m wukake: idan da saba "Tiger" da aka located a cikin 1,800 rubles, da "sukar lamiri" zabin, shi ya faru, ana sayar for 10 dubu, har ma fiye da tsada.

Af, game da kera. Wannan shi ne musamman "nasara" Karfe 65h13? "Kizlyar" - cewa shi ne musamman da kyau-daukarsa manufacturer. Abin da ya ce, "lamba daya" bisa ga masu saye. Gogaggen yan koyo wukake da'awar cewa kizlyarovskie "Tigers" da "Bears" siffofi da mafi kyau ma'auni na farashin da kuma inganci.

Abin da kuma da wuka karfe 65h13? Reviews wasu model ne mafi m?

"Hunter"

Wannan model, kamar yadda sunan ya ɗauka, na mayar da hankali a kan dayansu. Knife daban-daban Lines, wasu m siffofin. Cikakke ga skinning da kuma yankan matsakaici-size game. Babban halaye su ne kamar haka:

• A total tsawon 25,8 santimita.

• Ruwa ne tsayin 13.6 santimita.

• Da nisa daga cikin ruwa dabam, dangane da manufacturer, daga 4.2 zuwa 4.6 centimeters.

• ruwa kauri - 3.0 mm.

Kamar sauran jinsunan, za a iya samar da ado versions, a lokacin da amfani ga karewa na daraja karafa da kuma masu daraja dazuzzuka. Duk da haka, talakawa wuka "Hunter" 65h13 ne ba daban-daban daga "katange" iri (sai dai ga farashin, ba shakka). A iri-iri na al'ada halin kaka game da daya da rabi da dubu rubles.

Abin da janyo hankalin da ruwa daga m saye? Da fari dai, reviews bayar da shawarar wani m bayyanar. Abu na biyu, abokan ciniki an sha'awar da ruwa lissafi shi ne manufa domin farauta dalilai. Shin, akwai har yanzu wani wuka 65h13, lura sana'a? Eh, mana.

"Vityaz"

A mafi wakilin duk na sama ruwan wukake. A nan ne ta babban fasali:

• Total tsawon - 31,5 cm.

• Ruwa tsawon 19,5 santimita.

• ruwa nisa - 32 mm.

• ruwa kauri - 4.5 mm.

A abu kamar yadda a duk wasu lokuta - karfe 65h13. Features: Knife "Vityaz", kamar yadda muka gani, a sumul, nagartaccen look. A cikin dogon, tapering da tushe na ruwa etched da zinariya logo na wani musamman manufacturer. Kullum, da waje tuna da wuka sosai kamar takobi, ko da Roman Gladius.

Buyers lura cewa, ya kamata ka ba amfani da shi a fagen, da kyau bayyanar iya da kyau wahala daga harsh muhalli da yanayi. Bugu da kari, da kudin na 10 dubu rubles ko ta yaya ba zai amfana wa yin amfani da "Vityaz" ga yankan kifi ko nama, ba a ma maganar "shiru farauta" ga namomin kaza. Amma wannan shi ne cikakken kyauta ga masoya.

Wannan bambanci tsakanin wuka karfe 65h13. Kamar yadda ka gani, a gwada low farashin da shi yana da matukar kyau yi cewa ba ka damar yin wannan abu mai kyau da aiki ruwan wukake, wanda ba tsatsa, ba marmashe, za a iya wasa da kusan duk wani mashaya. Wannan tsiraru da tabbatar da fadi da watsa daga gida anglers da dayansu.