Penoblok: size kumfa block, tarihi da fitowan da kuma aikace-aikace al'amurra

Kowane motsi na a mason aka yi a wani gudun. Baruwan lãka tubali yin la'akari game da 3 kg, ko manyan kumfa block na wannan taro za a shigar a cikin garun daya kuma a lokaci guda. Amma da girman da kumfa block ne guda takwas ko goma sha biyu sau da size da wani tubali, wanda da cika fuska qara gudun masonry. Wani muhimmin amfani na haske da kuma dumi gini abu ne cewa da ake buƙata manne masa, maimakon hadaddun bayani.

A labarin na kumfa tubalan

A shekarar 1923 da Swedish m John Axel Eriksson ƙirƙira fundamentally sabon fasaha na masana'antu tubalin domin gina gidaje. Gwaji da kankare Mixes a kan mataki saitin, Erickson fara busa iska. Ciki da taro na iska Forms kananan rami, wanda bã ya zuwa surface. M gwaje-gwaje sun nuna cewa sakamakon abu ne m, ta thermal watsin da aka rage ta sau da dama. nauyi akan rage ya tura matasa bincike don samar da manyan tubalin, wanda ya kira cubes ko tubalan. The girma na kumfa tubalan sun karu da 8-10 sau idan aka kwatanta da lãka tubali. A ra'ayin da ake tattauna a kananan tubali factory. A farko ta bai] aukaka} ara zuwa masana'antun, saboda farashin sabon abu da aka quite high, da kuma samfurin da aka ba m ga mai saye. Kawai a cikin shekara ta 1929, Erickson ya iya samar da wani mai idon basira wuri ne na porous kankare da yi kayan aiki domin kumfa tubalan. The Great mawuyacin a cikin shekaru kusan binne wani babban ra'ayin talented mutum. Amma a shekara daga baya wata babbar tubali factory a lokacin da oda domin samar da dama da miliyan guda na haske domin gina da masana'antar ƙera jiragen ruwa tubalan. Wannan tsari na miliyan biyar guilders yarda ya fadada samar da ya fara samar da sabon ginin kayan, wanda ya fara samun shahararsa tsakanin magina.

Development of m masana kimiyya don ƙirƙirar kumfa tubalan

A wannan ra'ayin wani hur tubalin da aka yi karatu tare da mu. A farkon thirties na karshe karni, a yankin tsakiyar Asiya na Jami'ar Jihar (Uzbekistan) da aka samar analogues Swedish sabuwar dabara. VV Sablikov samarwa kankare mix tare da low yawa da kuma high thermal juriya (aikin da aka yi da kansa daga cikin Yaren mutanen Sweden, shi ne wani tsari don wani abu da yana da kaddarorin zai yi kama da Adobe tubalin, amma mafi karfi da kuma m). The girma na kumfa block Martina Sáblíková m ga al'ada tubalin. A farko, da ma'aikatan son wannan ra'ayin, rubuta game da shi mai yawa, wani matashi masanin kimiyya annabta sananne samu na da lakabi na farfesa. Akwai aka gina ko da 'yan gine-gine ta fuskar kayan. Daya daga cikin su har yanzu wanzu, a cikinsa shekaru da yawa ne Museum na Central Asia yanayi. Amma da m dabarunsa kasance mafiya ƙarfi daga dabaru, Martina Sáblíková Allah wadai da Mataki na ashirin da 58. A lokacin yakin duniya na II, ya sadaukar da zuwa gaban matsayin mai sa kai, sa'an nan a kafa daga kaso Final battalions. A farko yaƙi, a 1942, ya mutu. Gida manta da fifiko ga wa ƙarya, sanya game da 80 da suka wuce. Technology, don samar da hur kankare m kera kayan gini sayi a Amurka a cikin farkon eighties.

Construction na kumfa tubalan

A kasar mu, a tsakiyar karni na karshe ta fara samar da hur tara kankare tubalan. Sun riga ta zarce talakawa lãka tubali a cikin halaye. Amma ba ta riga ta kasance kumfa block, ya kawai kama shi. A yi albarku da haske kumfa kankare fara daga baya. The girma na kumfa block da kusan cikakkiyar siffar yarda da za a duba fasahar gini katangu. Yanzu, maimakon a ciminti-yashi turmi for tying mutum abubuwa da ake bukata a manne a haɗa disparate abubuwa a cikin guda m tsarin. A bayyanar kumfa tubalan a yi fasaha, da yawa magina hadu tare da taka tsantsan. Su rude taro na tsarin abu, da mun gwada manyan size na kumfa block da kuma farashin. Domin shawo kan wannan shakku na kwararru, m gwajin tubalan foams an za'ayi. Results mamaki kwararrun. Mutane da yawa ba su yi imani da data ƙarfi ne, kuma thermal karatu. Its korau ra'ayi a siffata da siffar sabon abu da kuma sanya ta wakilan dukan masana'antu - tubali samar. Bayan duk, a gaskiya, suna gargajiya gini abu hasarar a kan duk kirga, kadai halayyar - naúrar farashin misali yumɓun wuta tubalin kasa.

Al'amurra na kumfa tubalan a Rasha

Mafi yawa daga cikin ƙasa na kasar mu ne a wani yankin da karfi hunturu frosts. A ganuwar bukatar rufe ko gina haka m cewa a cikin sarari zai zama mai iyaka. Zuwa yanzu fiye da misalai ba bukatar ka je kusa da kuma kowane sun kasance a cikin gidajensu inda garu kauri ne kusa da jirgin karkashin kasa. Akwai daya ne kawai - yi amfani da ingantaccen rufi, wanda damar don rage kauri daga qazanta Tsarin. Domin wannan nuna alama, ginin abu da m tsarin yi da kuma high thermal juriya zai kasance a bukatar a yi masana'antu. The girma na kumfa block ne irin wannan cewa ba kawai sauki safarar a tsawon nisa (marufi a kan pallets) za a iya samun sauƙin koma kan gina shafin, da sauri saka a cikin ganuwar da partitions (musamman a cikin partitions, kamar yadda ba ya bukatar ƙarin kasa karawa), daidai rike zafi da kuma Yana da wani m sauti insulator.