GPU: kwafi na haihuwa da kuma sabon

A ina kuke aiki? - The GPU! Deciphering wannan raguwa a zamanin yau gaba daya m. Ne raguwa na Orenburg Jihar Pedagogical University. Ga mu koya matasa zuwa shuka m, mai kyau, har abada, gina dama dangantaka da ƙaramin tsara da kuma mai yawa fiye da abin da kuke bukatar a rayuwar yau da kullum ... aiyuka Psychology, misali. Kuma samar da wata damar samun wani musamman sana'a. Kuma akwai sau lokacin da wadannan hudu haruffa a wasu ni'ima, yayin da wasu - tsoro.

OGPU har 1930 - Orenburg Institute of Education

A tarihin Orenburg Pedagogical University bude a Grozny a shekara ta 1919, a lokacin yakin basasa, lalubo a karkarar tsohon Rasha Empire. Qaddamar halittar ma'aikata ya VY Struminsky, wanda daga baya ya zama m memba na Tarayyar Soviet Academy of Sciences, kuma a Doctor of Science. Kuma a sa'an nan duk abin da ya sauki: horo dauki ɗari da hamsin dalibai, wanda mafi yawansu ma san yadda za a karanta da kuma rubuta shi ne ba da kyau. Down kuma Out amma matsala fara!

Jihar matsayi OGPI da OGPU

Bayan 1930 OINO (jama'a ilimi) ya samu na aikin status. Ya fadada yankin, shi hada da tsohon dakin motsa jiki. A nan ne ya kammala karatunsa Malenkov GM - shahararren jam'iyyar adadi Stalin zamanin, shagaltar bayan mutuwar "mahaifin na al'umman da" post predsovmina (a saka shi a cikin zamani sharuddan - da firaministan kasar).

Ilimi tafi a farkon thirties da rubutu, maraice da kuma rana-lokaci. Agronomy aiki, ta jiki, fasaha, da kuma sinadaran nazarin halittu da kuma zamantakewa Wallafe-wallafe da ikon tunani. OGPU, to, wannan ma'aikata ba kira. Shi ne kawai Orenburg pedinom ko OGPI.

Yau an bã jami'a matsayi. Ikon tunani shekara goma sha uku, ilimi gine-gine - shida dormitories - uku, in general, babba da daraja ma'aikata.

Ba bayyanannu, amma m sunan

Amma ba kawai da sunan ma'aikata da aka boye a baya da hudu sauki haruffa - OGPU. Dikodi mai wannan raguwa (United State Siyasa Administration karkashin Sovnarkom) aka kyau da aka sani zuwa Soviet jama'a tun shekarar 1923. A farkon shekara uku na wannan iko kungiyar karkashin jagorancin Babban Jami'in Tsaro na kasar F. E. Dzerzhinsky, bayan wanda mutuwa aka yi nasara da VR Menzhinsky. A na gaba shugaban na OGPU ya gg Berry, wanda, sabanin magabata, ba su mutu ba daga cikin cuta, da kuma harsashi. Ya aka harbe ta a kotu jumla.

GPU fasali a Stalin shekaru

Da manufofin wannan ikon tsarin ne bayyanannu, suna ko da a rubuce a cikin kundin tsarin mulkin kasar a 1924. Bisa ga tara babi na Mataki na ashirin da 61, da tabbatarwa daga jama'a domin da kuma yaki da fashi da rashin tsaro dangana ga Republican NKVD (alhãli kuwa akwai kawai hudu). A counter-neman sauyi aiki da kuma leken asiri, da kuma more musamman, shawo kan su da aka kula OGPU Tarayyar Soviet. Deciphering abbreviations a kan shi ba ya nuna - a siyasa management, amma a da ginshikin wannan jikin wani sabis ne na tsaron kasa, wanda shi daga baya kuma sake masa suna, kiran farko ma'aikatar (MGB), sa'an nan, a lokacin da Khrushchev narke, kwamitin (KGB , CM).

A OGPU, NKVD daban-daban daga

A Tarayyar Soviet, akwai ko da yaushe ya kasance wani bambanci tsakanin 'yan sanda da kuma jihar hukumomin tsaro, ko da a cikin shekaru a lokacin da jami'an tsaro ƙa'ida sallama zuwa guda shugabanci. Ya yi yaƙi da anti-Soviet abubuwa, 'yan leƙen asirin (ko waɗanda suka yi kama da su), yunkurin zagon kasa, da kuma kawai bayar da labarun wasu labarbaru karaya OGPU. NKVD aka tsunduma a mafi mundane al'amura: a gudanar da bincike laifi laifukan (da sata, fashi da makami da kisan kai), kawo zuwa alhakin bullies, parasites, mashayi da sauran "saurã daga cikin tsofaffin duniya." Amma Stalin ta "siyasa asirin 'yan sanda" ba kawai suka yi jihãdi a kan wannan ganuwa gaban, ta aiki kuma hada, da kuma iko da' yan sanda.

bincike na OGPU

Amma ba kawai farauta ga m "makiyan mutane" da kuma oho yan koyo labarbaru tsunduma OGPU. Deciphering radiograms sosai real Jamus yan leƙen asirin ƙasar, analytical aiki, m taro, da kuma da yawa m gwamnatin jobs ake yi da musamman sassan na Moscow cibiyar. I. V. Stalin bai amince da tarin sirri bayanai game da wani maƙiya Soviet aiki na wani daya kungiyar. Soviet m kasashen waje amsa da kansa, akwai da dama. The most maroki muhimmanci bayanai na dabarun halitta shi ne Comintern, amma kasashen waje sarrafa, da kuma sauran bayanai kafofin, wanda ake kira da gwani (Main Leken Asiri Directorate of Gaba Staff na Red Army, 5th GUGB sashen, sa'an nan 1st Directorate na NKGB, 4th NKVD, da dai sauransu) . Brave Soviet m jami'an na OGPU gudummawar da nasara a kan fi sani da Naziyanci.

Folk versions na Mabudi

Yau raguwa na Omsk Jihar Pedagogical University iya dariya da sauƙi, ga shi babu wanda zai azabta. Na tabbata da yawa dalibi skits da KVNy yi ba tare da barkwanci game daban-daban fun zaɓuɓɓuka saboda lura da hudu babban birnin kasar haruffa (sosai m Malam fadi Points - The main alama na hankali, da dai sauransu ...) A Stalin ta lokaci akwai kalmomi da abbreviations a game da wanda nuna mutumci shi ya musamman m. Amma mutane har yanzu wargi, duk da hatsarin "tukwane fara buga a kan sansanonin," ko da a kan GPU. Deciphering wannan karaya sunan iya zama daban-daban, "kwance kai - ƙoƙarin tserewa," "Autumn, Bare Birds tashi", "Sa'an nan, Jama'a Jam'iyyar upekli" - a nan ne wasu mutãne alamu na nuna adalci ce "The abinda tsoro matuka da mafi m."