Great dabbare woodpecker: description, mazauninsu, photos

Babu wani daga cikin gandun daji ne ba cikakken ba tare da wannan tsuntsu. M da rhythmic sauti na woodpecker harbi ji kewaye, musamman m a cikin bazara. Idan ka duba a hankali a itatuwa, za mu iya ganin shi. Wannan tsuntsu ba a iya tsoratar da kai, da kuma wani lokacin tashiwa "sa wasu amo" a cikin gidãjen Aljanna, da itatuwa a karkashin windows ko gidan waya zura sandunan ɗaukarsa. Yana da matukar mamaki da kuma m, a gauraye ta da wani ne ba zai yiwu ba. Amma a nan ne jinsunan woodpecker ba zai iya rarrabe a duba. Musamman prevalent a cikin kasar, babban dabbare woodpecker. Bari mu zauna a kai.

Great dabbare woodpecker: description

A gaskiya wannan tsuntsu ne da wuya a yi tare da wani rikita, da farko saboda ta musamman bayyanar da irin samar da abinci. Great hange woodpecker size ne sau da yawa idan aka kwatanta da thrush, su ne game da wannan. ta jiki tsawon a kan talakawan jeri daga 22 zuwa 27 santimita, mãtan ne kullum fiye da karami maza. Mass kaji kananan - kawai 60-100 grams. Great dabbare woodpecker ne ba don kome ba aka haka mai suna saboda yana da wani sosai mai haske, contrasting launi na gashinsa, a baki da fari da kuma ja (wani lokacin ruwan hoda) podhvoste.

Maza daga mãtã za a iya bambanta a launi wuyansa. All juveniles da jar hula a kansa, tare da shekaru shi vuya. Red tabo a kan mayar da kai ne kawai a cikin maza. Top na shugaban zama baki. Kumatunta tsuntsu, goshi, da ciki - fari, dangane da mazauninsu iya canza su launi daga haske da kuma tsabta zuwa kusan m, ko ruwan kasa. Great dabbare woodpecker yana da matukar kyau wingspan kai kusan rabin mita (42-47 santimita). Shi ne kuma ya kamata a lura wutsiya siffar. An nuna (Tapered) yana da wani talakawan tsawon; wuya kamar yadda wasa da muhimmancin taimakon lokacin da tsuntsu motsa a kan itacen. A tsarin da kafafu, hali na woodpecker - zigodaktilnoe, watau biyu gaban biyu raya yatsunsu suna tsayayya. A talakawan lifespan na tsuntsu ne a kusa da 9 shekaru.

Great dabbare woodpecker: mazauninsu

Wannan shi ne matukar kowa tsuntsu, wanda yana da fadi da mazauninsu - daga Canary Islands zuwa Kamchatka da kuma Japan. Mafi sau da yawa, tsuntsaye ne masu zama a gida, da wuya - nomadic. A karshen ne yafi saboda da wuraren, wanda suke disadvantageous cikin sharuddan abinci, don haka tsuntsaye suna tilasta su yi hijira (mamayar) a cikin makwabta yankuna. Great dabbare woodpecker (photos za a iya gani a cikin labarin) ne sosai undemanding zuwa wurin zama da kuma dauki tushen kusan ko'ina akwai itatuwa - daga boreal gandun daji zuwa birni Parks. Mene ne abin mamaki shi ne cewa zabi ya dogara ba kawai a kan kasar da suke rayuwa a wuraren kiwon kaji, amma ko da daga yankin zuwa yankin. Saboda haka, a Siberia da Urals woodpecker zaba coniferous da kuma gauraye gandun daji, amma tare da wani predominance na Pine itatuwa, kuma a cikin arewa maso yammacin kasar fi son Pine Boram, spruce gandun daji.

A woodpecker ci a lokacin rani?

Mutane da yawa har yanzu tuna daga makaranta da ake kira gandun daji dubagari. Wadannan sun hada da kerkẽci da woodpecker. Bird fi son su rayu a cikin dazuzzuka, inda da yawa daga haihuwa da kuma na banza itatuwa. Woodpecker da sosai bambance bambancen rage cin abinci. Predominance na shuka ko dabba abinci dogara a kan kakar. Abin lura shi ne cewa maza da mãtã to aikatãwa su rai a fagage daban-daban, da kuma wani lokacin har ma a wasu dazuzzuka. Spring-rani rage cin abinci kunshi yafi na kwari da su larvae. Na farko shi ne, ba shakka, daban-daban kwari, ciki har da wadanda da cewa ciyar a kan itace, kazalika da su larvae: dogon-horned beetles, haushi beetles, stags, weevils, ladybirds, borers. Great dabbare woodpecker sa 130 lashe da minti da cikin baki. Wannan shi ne quite wani iko da karfi, babu kwaro ko tsutsa ba zai je kada a gane. Har ila yau a cikin tsuntsu rage cin abinci ya hada da malam, ciki har da m, su caterpillars, aphids, tururuwa. Great dabbare woodpecker ne ba squeamish da mũshe idan yi shi ne irin wannan damar. An kuma gano cewa, wani lokacin waɗannan tsuntsaye yi ɓarna sheƙarsu na kananan tsuntsaye waƙa.

A woodpecker ciyar a kan fall da kuma hunturu?

A cikin kaka-hunturu ne Marinjãyi shuka, da furotin da-arzikin abinci. Yana hada da tsaba coniferous itatuwa, acorns, kwayoyi. Ban sha'awa shi ne a hanyar da samun zuriya daga bumps. Shi ne halayyar duk woodpecker, amma irin wannan ya kawo shi a kammala. Da farko woodpecker mazugi karya, sa'an nan daukawa shi zuwa ga baki don a preselected site - da maƙera, wanda, a ainihi, shi ne a matsa ko wani tsaguwa a saman bishiya akwati. Bird tare da cikakken karfi buga da baki da mazugi, sa'an nan fitowa da abinci - otklevyvaya Sikeli, cire tsaba. A babban dabbare woodpecker iya yi wa kansu game da 50 wannan anvils, amma yana amfani da, a matsayin mai mulkin, biyu ko uku. Saboda haka, a cikin marigayi hunturu a karkashin guda itacen iya tara wani dukan nunin tsakiya da kuma flakes.

Lokacin da ta ke dabbar ta hanyar canjin kakar woodpecker?

Wadannan tsuntsaye ne halin da yawa da auren mace. Mafarki ba su isa karshen shekarar farko na rayuwa. Abin lura shi ne cewa ma'aurata iya bayan da ma'abota kakar zauna tare har na gaba spring. Ko da suka fada da kuma hunturu dabam, amma sake saduwa sake for gaba shekara.

The hali na tsuntsaye a lokacin da ma'abota kakar ne sosai na ƙwarai. Da farko bayyanar cututtuka bayyana a cikin marigayi Fabrairu - farkon watan Maris, kuma ya ci gaba a kan Yunƙurin har zuwa tsakiyar na farko spring watan. Tsuntsãye fara ware selection. Maza nuna hali sosai m, m da m tokuyut ihu. Mãtan amsa musu, amma kasa markedly. Around tsakiyar May, a lokacin da ma'aurata da aka riga aka ayyana, zai fara da gina yi sheƙarsu.

nesting woodpecker

Itacen, wanda za a located m, ance wani namiji. Yana kada ta kasance na banza, amma tare da taushi itace (misali, Aspen ko alder, m sau da yawa oak, ko Birch, larch).

Great dabbare woodpecker (hoton sama), wanda ke zaune a redkolistvennyh gandun daji, fi son yin wani shekara-shekara sabon m. Idan wuri na ta mazauninsu - m conifers, tsuntsu ya koma zuwa ga haihuwa. M, yawanci located a tsawo na zuwa takwas mita, kuma yana da zurfin game 25-35 cm da diamita - game da 10. A yi ne yafi tsunduma a cikin namiji da mace kawai wani lokacin shi ya maye gurbin, domin lokaci yana daukan har zuwa makonni biyu. Woodpecker sa qwai a tsakiyar spring, a kusa da karshen watan Afrilu. The kama shi ne daga 5 zuwa 7 kananan kwai fari, m. A Hatching, iyaye biyu dauki bangare, amma a dare - kawai namiji. A kajin kyankyasar kwan tsirara, m da makafi 10-12 rana.

Ƙanana da babba hange woodpecker: bambance-bambance

• By da yanayin da plumage launi. A kananan irin su kẽta baki stripe a kan kunci ba ya isa da mayar da kai, kuma aka ta katse wani farin tabo. Bugu da kari, shi ba shi da wani ruwan hoda ko m undertail. Amma a cikin zuciya na karamin woodpecker yana da wani hat - ja da baki kan iyaka a cikin maza da fari mace.
• Great dabbare woodpecker da kananan hange woodpecker daban-daban a yanayi yi sautuna. A farko da irin harbi ne sosai short kuma yana for game 0.6 seconds, ciki har da 12-13 shanyewar jiki, amma su ne kusan ba zai yiwu ga ganewar, kamar yadda suka ci a cikin daya m sauti. Haka kuma, shi da sauri hasarar da sonority fara da ƙarfi, amma da sauri fades. Great dabbare woodpecker sa 130 lashe minti daya, ya harbi da aka ji wani lokacin a nesa na daya da rabi kilomita. Sauti sanya ta kananan woodpecker, kamar wata murya singing tsuntsaye, su ne mafi lingering. Kuma sulusi da murabba'i da kuma mafi m, amma ba kamar yadda sautunan, kamar yadda a farkon halittarsa, yana da matsakaita na 1.5 seconds.
• Kananan woodpecker dan kadan karami a size, ta tsawon shi ne kamar 14-15 santimita.
• Daban-daban, abubuwan daka zaba domin zabar wuraren. Karami hange woodpecker fi son deciduous da kuma gauraye gandun daji, gaba na tafkunan, swamps. Ya yi ƙoƙari ya kauce wa duhu conifers.

Shin woodpecker makiya?

Zai ze cewa irin wannan tsuntsu a ka'ida ba zai iya zama abokan gaba, a gaskiya, tare da iko baki, ya iya da kyau tsaya ga kansa. Amma, a gaskiya ɗan daban-daban. Bayani game da hare-haren a kan woodpecker, da tsuntsaye na ganima da kuma ko da dan kadan, amma har yanzu su ne can. A general, anã gitta su a hatsarin daga Sparrowhawks, goshawk, a ɗakin kwana ƙasa - da peregrine shaho.

Daga nazarin sasannin da yara ne ya kamata a lura marten da ermine. Ko soket Tamarind wanda alama suna boye da kuma kare, wani lokacin hõre lalata da furotin-Sony polchka da kuma ja Vechernitsi (jinsunan jemagu). Yana haka ya faru da cewa woodpecker an tarwatsa daga hollows na haihuwa starlings.

Woodpecker fitness ga muhalli da yanayi

Kusan duk da dabbobi da tsuntsaye da wasu sa na halaye da cewa sun taso a sakamakon karbuwa ga dalilai na waje duniya. Babu togiya da kuma babban dabbare woodpecker. Features adaptability zuwa yanayi aka jera a kasa.

• Prehensile fika a kan kafafu yi shi da sauki zauna a cikin akwati ko a kan bakin ciki rassan.
• Hard wutsiya sandan siffar hana slipping saukar da ganga. shĩ ne mafi dace a ruhu da hawa itatuwa fiye da na jirgin.
• Long karfi baki taimaka huda haushi bishiyoyi da kuma sanya su hollows domin nesting da tara abinci.
• Long, bakin ciki da kuma m harshe taimaka wajen cire kwari daga mafi m wurare.