Sake yiwuwar tohowarsu. asexual Hanyar haifuwa: tebur

Farfagandar, a cikin abin da rabo daga iyaye kwayoyin da aka rabu da daya ko dama Kwayoyin kira asexually. A wannan yanayin, domin bayyanar da zuriya daga iyaye daya ya ishe mutane.

Nau'in na sake yiwuwar tohowarsu,

A yanayi, akwai da dama zažužžukan da yadda rayayyun kwayoyin halitta iya haifa kansu. The hanyoyin da sake yiwuwar tohowarsu ne quite bambance bambancen. Dukan su kwanta a gaskiyar cewa Kwayoyin fara raba da kuma haifa mutum rassa. A unicellular protozoa dukan jiki ne zuwa kashi biyu sassa. A kwayar haifuwa fara da rabo daga daya ko fiye Kwayoyin lokaci guda.

Domin protozoa, shuke-shuke, fungi da kuma wasu jinsunan haifa asexually. Hanyar na yaduwa iya zama: division, sporulation. Dabam, da tsari na abin da ya faru na zũriyarmu, a cikin abin da aka kafa daga iyaye rukuni na musamman Kwayoyin. Suna da ake kira vegetative yaduwa. Dabam ware budding, fragmentation. Wannan na kowa hanyoyin da sake yiwuwar tohowarsu. Tebur ya sa ya yiwu mu fahimci yadda suke sãɓã wa jũna.

Musamman sauki haifuwa

All kwayoyin da suke iya samu zuriyarsa ta rarraba, madauwari chromosome baya ninki biyu. A tsakiya ne zuwa kashi biyu sassa. Daga iyaye daya cell kafa biyu rassa. A kowane daga cikinsu yana dauke m kayyade abu. Kafa tsakanin biyu ya Kwayoyin bayyana constriction a wadda iyaye misali ne zuwa kashi biyu Kwayoyin. Wannan shi ne mafi sauki sake yiwuwar tohowarsu.

kiwo hanyoyin iya zama sauransu. Amma kore Euglena, Chlamydomonas, amoebae, ciliates amfani daidai rabo. A sakamakon zuriyarsa ba daban-daban daga cikin iyaye da tsuntsaye. Shi ne daidai da na sa chromosomes. Wannan hanya na haifuwa damar wani ɗan gajeren lokaci su sami wani babban yawan m kwayoyin.

sporulation

Wasu fungi, da kuma shuke-shuke haifa ta hanyar musamman haploid Kwayoyin. Su kira spores. Mutane da yawa fungi da kuma ƙananan tsire data Kwayoyin suna kafa a aiwatar da mitosis. Kuma a mafi girma shuka kwayoyin da samuwar Earsbe meiosis. A fasalin da wannan tsari ne cewa a cikin rigingimu, irin shuke-shuke ƙunshi haploid sets na chromosomes. Suna kuma iya bayar da Yunƙurin zuwa wani sabon ƙarni, wanda ya bambanta daga iyaye. Yana da zai iya asali riga jima'i. Kada mu manta da su musamman alama. Hanyoyin da jima'i da kuma sake yiwuwar tohowarsu, a tsire-tsire irin wannan m.

Mafi yawan fungi da kuma shuke-shuke kafa spores - ne Kwayoyin cewa an kiyaye shi ta musamman kwasfa. Su za a iya adana a wani lokaci a cikin m yanayi. Lokacin da suka canza harsashi bude, kuma da Kwayoyin fara rayayye raba mitosis. A sakamakon haka ne sabon kwayoyin.

vegetative kai-haifuwa

Mafi yawa daga cikin mafi girma da shuke-shuke amfani da sauran hanyoyin da sake yiwuwar tohowarsu. Table ba ka damar gano abin ne daban-daban na vegetative haifuwa.

Vegetative haifuwa takamaiman Tsarin za a iya samar da shuke-shuke. Alal misali, dankali da kuma dahlia tubers nuna zuriyarsa. Don haka ya kira tushen ko kara thickening. Kumbura kara tushe na wanda aka kafa zuriyarsa kira corms.

Rhizomes ninka shuke-shuke kamar aster da valerian. Har ila yau, ake magana a kai a matsayin horizontally girma a karkashin kasa mai tushe, wanda akwai buds da ganye.

Strawberry siffofin zuriya via tsaye bakin ramin. Suna girma da sauri, saboda su ne sabon ganye da kuma buds. Duk wadannan hanyoyi na sake yiwuwar tohowarsu, kira vegetative kwayoyin. Yana kuma ya hada da wani haifuwa via cuttings na mai tushe, Tushen, sassan thalli.

fragmentation

Wannan irin haifuwa ne halin a cewa rabuwa da juna biyu kwayoyin cikin da dama sassa, kowane sabon mutum ne kafa. Wasu annelids da flatworms, echinoderms (tarwada) amfani ne sake yiwuwar tohowarsu. hanyoyin da haifuwa ta fragmentation kahu a kan gaskiyar cewa wasu kwayoyin za a iya mayar da farfadowa.

Alal misali, idan daga tarwada zuwa yaga katako, to, shi zai samar da wani sabon mutum. A wannan abu zai faru da earthworm, zuwa kashi da dama sassa. Hydra, ba zato ba tsammani, za a iya gano daga 1/200 sassa rabu daga jikinsa. Yawanci, irin wannan haifuwa an lura a hali na lalacewa. Maras wata-wata fragmentation lura a fungi da kuma wasu marine tsutsotsi.

gemmation

The hanyoyin da sake yiwuwar tohowarsu, da damar su haifa ainihin kofe na iyaye kwayoyin. A wasu lokuta, da yaro mutane suna da generated daga musamman Kwayoyin - koda. Irin wannan hanya na kai-haifuwa halayyar wasu fungi, dabbobi (Sponges, protozoa, coelenterates, yawan tsutsotsi krylozhabernyh mutane tunicates), liverworts.

Coelenterates misali, halin da sake yiwuwar tohowarsu. kiwo hanyoyin domin su m isa. A cikin manyan jiki da mutum bayyana outgrowth na cewa karuwa. Da zarar ya kai gare shi adult size, to, akwai ta sashen.