Gzhel fentin alamu. Abubuwa na zane Gzhel

Gzhel birni - cibiyar da daya daga cikin shahararrun art crafts na Rasha. An located in Ramenskoye gundumar na Moscow yankin. "Gzhel daji" da aka yada a kan sararin yankin da kuma aka yi sama da 27 kauyuka wanda mazaunan tsunduma a masana'antu da kuma zanen kayayyakin na fari earthenware da ain. A labarin na Gzhelian crafts kafe a cikin 14th karni AD, a lokacin da shi da aka bude a birnin Moscow Kudinovskoe lãka ajiya. A babba yadudduka na ƙarya "shirevka" - sauki ja abu a kasa sun yadudduka rawaya "Jawo" - lãka, daga talakawan quality, da kuma, a karshe, a cikin zurfin lullube tenderest "mylovka" - m fari lãka makawa abu na samar da high quality kumar kasko da ain.

kantin bukatun

Akwai wani fari lãka ga miya jita-jita da sauran kitchen kayayyakinsa, ba tukuna bayyana apothecary sarauta doka, wadda aka zamar masa dole ya isar da duk na cirewa Gzhel lãka a Moscow da bukatun cikin kantin magani domin. Duk da haka, bayan wani lokaci a karkashin kasa, an gano 'yan filayen, da fari abu ya isa ga duk da bukatun da Rasha babban birnin kasar da kuma ta kewayensa. Bayan kantin tasoshin da kuma shayi sets na master sana'a tsunduma a cikin yi da m kayayyakin. Yana bayyana Gzhel jama'a craft, da aka sani a yau a duniya.

duniya daraja

Gzhel fentin alamu - a juna sanya na haske blue cobalt Paint a cikin dusar ƙanƙara-fari bango, bisa ga al'ada - sãmar a hannun sauki na lissafi da kuma na fure kayayyaki. Images a kan kayayyakin iya kawo wani scene a cikin yanayi, kamar wata mace da buckets ko akordiyon, kewaye da rawa kyauyen. Gzhel fentin alamu - shi ne yawanci na fure motifs, maimaita a kan convex ko concave surface daga cikin samfurin.

A alama na high fasaha na artist ne ya yin amfani da semitones lokacin da cibiyar da adadi mai cike da kodadde-blue shanyewar jiki, da kuma kusa da periphery daga cikin image zama haske da kuma haske. Flowers Gzhelian juna - musamman nau'i na fassarar, za su bi contours na real shuka. A hoto za ka iya ganin petals, pistils, stamens, mai tushe, kuma ko da wani gashin baki, wanda clings zuwa flower na makwabta.

na fasahar

Gzhel zanen alamu ne batun da wani tsarin da zane. Za su iya sarrafa su, ko za a shirya da ka, amma a kowace harka, da hoton da aka sa a cikin shirin kaiwa mãkirci. A masana'antu don samar da glassware da kuma zane-zane da kuma crafts daga kumar kasko da ain alamu Gzhel zanen systematized. Akwai library, wanda ya ƙunshi yawa zane, da fasahar amfani da samar. Image Theme mafi bambancin: daga unpretentious images of kauyen rayuwa ga aljanna labaru da 'yan haruffa.

Modern zanen Gzhel alamu ne hadaddun kuma bambancin. Ko da yake shi zai ze, daya-launi zane da kansu su ne monotonous, kuma yana nufin cewa da kyau launi haduwa kamata jira ba. Duk da haka, da kwarewa na artists suka mallaka art Multi-Layer mai rufi na launuka da dabara inuwõyinta suna kusa, ya aikata mu'ujizai. Products Gzhel Masters ne ba kawai da kyau, amma kuma musamman, saboda manual aiki na bukatar kawai daya musamman misali.

jinsunan

Aiwatar da alamu Gzhel zanen - wani m da alhakin art. Babban maƙasudin na master ne ko da rarraba da launuka da tabarau, don haka da cewa adadi don samun a daidaita da kuma jitu. Kowane samfurin ne a Schematic cibiyar abun da ke ciki daga wanda mãkirci aka gyara ko abubuwa diverge gaba ɗaya kayan ado. A wasu lokuta, cobalt blue launuka suna complemented ado Lines na zinariya launi.

Yawanci, irin canza launi ne amfani da wani da ake kira kashi china. Wannan shi ne na musamman iri-iri na fari yumbu da wani dabara cream inuwa kama da launi na narke madara. Kashi china ne dan kadan translucent, kuma shi ne dũkiyar artists an yi amfani da zanen. Figure aka located don zama free of Paint sarari. Sa'an nan tsaftace surface daga cikin samfurin highlights fara hulɗa da launi juna.

Abubuwa na zane Gzhel

Zane a wani blue da fari kayayyakin da aka yaushe styled. Wannan na iya zama wani grotesque image na ban al'ajabi da aljanna-labari haruffa, ko da wani hunturu wuri mai faɗi a cikin karkara. Kuma ba saboda cewa ain ko china shi yiwuwa a zana wani real hoto, saboda irin wannan jama'a art style ne batun da kansa dokoki, abin da ya bambanta da kayayyakin. Rasha crafts a duk da bambancin ne tsananin kasafta isa. Dame daya irin mutãne art zuwa wani ne kusan ba zai yiwu.

Known Masters Gzhel kullum inganta su kerawa, da mutum kayayyakin ne litattafansu na salo. Wadannan ayyukan art ana sa a gidajen tarihi da kuma masu zaman kansu tarin, su ne m. Gzhel fentin jita-jita wannan ko wasu art abubuwa, shi ne ko da yaushe ban sha'awa da kuma na musamman. Cikin kewayon kayayyakin samar da shuka, a kullum kuma a cikin kananan nazarinsa, shi da iyaka.

Jagora Class "Gzhel fentin"

Koyo ma'adanin na zanen ne da za'ayi a kai a kai a cikin kulake da suke da bude ko'ina. Duk da haka, don Master ma'adanin na jawo Gzhelian ba zai yiwu ba tare da sanin tarihin wannan zamanin da jama'a art.

A can farko, da dalibai kokarin haifa sauki hotuna a Gzhel style a kan takarda. Don yin wannan, shige talakawa zane takarda ko lokacin farin ciki zane zanen gado. A Paint kamata farko dauki wani watercolor. Idan Gzhel zanen a kan takarda juya waje, za ka iya matsa wa asalin tushen - da yumbu preform. A wannan mataki, watercolors ba Fit, bukatar wani real cobalt blue.

sets

A 18-19 ƙarni Gzhel jita-jita sun musamman a bukatar. Sai da na ɗauki wani yawa na kayayyakin kasashen waje. Turawa sayi kumar kasko da ain samar da Rasha Gzhel fentin cikin babbar yawa. Ba sai dai da Rasha na sarki kotu bai zama wata babbar abokin ciniki ga dukkan masana'antu da samar da shuɗi, da fari sets.

Special bukatar sarki da ayarinsa dadin sanannen sabis "Guryev" for 150 mutane na manyan banquets da idodi. Wannan ya biyo ta "Monomakh" da kuma "Sarkin-Uba" na 12 persons kowane. Sets kunshi 84 batutuwa, da suka fara da wata babbar tureens da kuma kawo karshen tare da saucers ga jam. Popular sun kananan sets "Tete-a-tete" for biyu da kuma "Egoist", tsara don wani lover of kyau fadi.

dakushe

A 20-ies karni na karshe da aka samu a ƙi a samar Gzhel. A farko ƙararrawa busa kansu maginan tukwane, wanda ya yi gargadin cewa idan har ba a gyara, da tukwane, da kwanonin nan da sannu zã su saya a kasashen waje. Abin farin, su aka ji, da shuke-shuke sanã'anta wani sabon karfi, da kuma a shekara ta 1933 musamman manyan kamfanonin dauki a kan ta balance jihar da kuma ta haka ne faience, ain da kuma sauran kayayyakin "Gzhel daji" sake tafi gudãna a ƙarƙashinsu, da Rasha kasuwar, sa'an nan kasashen waje .

Famous mayen

Gzhel ne daban-daban daga daya samfurin ba zai iya daukar idonka, da kuma sauran ne na sha'awa ba. Me ya sa wannan magana? Babban rarrabẽwa wadda kayyade ingancin Gzhel tukwane ne cikakken binciken da zane. A mafi hoto ne kõma, da mafi muhimmanci da zane-zane. Gzhel masana saba da ayyukan mai girma Masters mu lokaci. Haraji saya kawai ayyukansu, gidajen tarihi da kuma cibiyoyin nune-nunen ma kokarin samun m art abubuwa.

Daga cikin shahararrun artists - Denisov, Dunashova, Okulov, Azarov, Rozanov da Tsaregorodtseva. Sosai samfurin NI Bessarabova adana a Rasha Museum a St. Petersburg da kuma a cikin Historical Museum a Moscow. M Masterpieces warwatse a duniya, duk da su ne a zaman kansa collections da galleries.

Shi ya zama mai kyau hadisin bude Stores sayar Gzhel art kayayyakin a masana'antu da samar da wadannan ayyukan art. Neman blue da fari kyakkyawa ne har yanzu high da kuma downward Trend ne ba. Gzhel zai inganta, muddin akwai karkashin kasa da adibas na fari lãka, da kuma ta hannun jari a yau ze inexhaustible.