Hildegard na Bingen: biography, jerin ayyukan

Hildergada wani Jamus abbess, Benedictines, babban sufi Nun a cikin Rhine kogin. The author of sufi ayyukansu, motets da kuma music. Shi ne kuma ya shahara akan ayyuka a magani da kuma na ganye teas.

A farkon rayuwar da matasa

Hildegard na Bingen aka haife shi a game da 1098, ko da yake ainihin ranar ne ba a sani ba. Iyayenta suka asali daga Jamus jihar Hesse. Waɗannan su ne wakilan da ƙananan nobility, da mahaifin shi ne Count Maginhardu. Sickly daga haihuwa, Hildegard al'ada aka dauke ƙarami na goma yara, sau da yawa sosai m. Tun lokacin da yarinya zafi, sukan gayyaci da likitoci da kuma na gida da sufaye. Hildegard na Bingen, wanda biography ba a sani a daki-daki, ya rayu a cikin wani zamanin tsanani na da wuya sau.

Chants

Hildegard na Bingen - marubucin yawa addini songs da Chants. Ta aikin da aka girmama Lutheran taron. Hildegarde da'awa: "Ina da aka ba sanar da kowa ba, domin ban taba karatu m tsarin rubutu ko wani waƙar yabon Allah." Ta ce cewa ta hada da rera waka da ƙungiyar mawaƙa da karin waƙa, fata girmama Allah da kuma tsarkaka.

Pesnopeniya cewa ta ya hada, ya wakilta da kõme ba Hildegard kamar yadda lokaci-lokaci theophany ko ta jiki alama na gaban Allah. Kowace rana, ta kuma ta mata ta rera wannan waka a cikin sa'o'i da salla da psalmody. Dalili na faduwa liturgical sabis na Allah, suka halarci "Symphony na jituwa da kuma sama da ãyõyinMu." Shin sunan Hildegard ya ba da tattara ayyukan.

Domin Hildegard music yakan kusan zuwa matakin na sharu ɗ, sunã shiryarwa da kamala daga cikin rahamar ubangiji madaukaki na sama Choirs a kan mutane a lokacin da lokacin da yake sauti ni'ima da farin ciki da song. A Nun gani wani m dangane tsakanin maimaitawa "Allah ta aikin" (Opus Dei) a matsayin wani ɓangare na zuhudu rayuwa bayan irin St. Benedict da kuma har abada tsauri jituwa halitta, tabbatarwa da kuma kyautata na duniya. A m tarihi na ceto shi ne babban batu na da yawa na ta ƙwarai, da labaru a m shayari. Bayan duk, a lokacin da maganar Allah ya ce Allah ya halicci duniya a farkon lokaci, duniya da aka kafa a kan ta kyau filin, da qeta dabarunsa na shaidan sun rushe.

Duk da yake ba shi yiwuwa a daidai nema duk Hildegard m abun da ke ciki, amma yana yiwuwa su zaci cewa mafi yawansu ba su kasance a cikin kimanin shekaru 1140-1160. Kowane aka rubuta ga wasu kwanaki da idodi a cikin coci kalanda. Fiye da rabin abun da ke ciki - antiphons. wadannan ayoyin da aka sung kafin da kuma bayan kowane daga cikin Zabura a lokacin da zuhudu da salla, yayin da ƙara da aka sani da votive antiphons, za a iya kashe dabam a daban-daban liturgies, ciki har da Maris.

Akwai kuma wasu siffofin music, misali, wata yawan solo ayoyi alternating tare da choral peniyami. An kashe a cikin tashin (da safe). Akwai waka wadda ake sung a daban-daban sau a lokacin Mass na sufi. m jerin tsakanin wanda aka sung alleluia da Linjila; Mass, a cikin abin da kowane stanza na da janar melodic motifs, ya raba tsakanin ayoyi biyu.

wahayi

Da labari cewa, a Nun daga wani sosai matasa, shekaru da wahayi da kuma m mafarkai. Hildegarde ce cewa ta ga "inuwa mai rai haske" a cikin shekaru uku shekaru da shekaru biyar da su ka fara gane cewa ta samu wahayi. Ta amfani da kalmar "Visio" da kuma furuci da cewa shi ne mai kyauta da cewa ta iya bayyana ga wasu. Hildegard Bingenskaya bayyana cewa ta gane abin da ke cikin hasken Allah ta hanyar da gabobi biyar: gani, ji, dandano, kamshi da kuma tabawa. Ta zauna a raba su basira, gaya musu ne kawai da m Nun. Cikin rayuwar ta, ta har yanzu yana da wani yawa na ãyõyi. A shekara 42, Hildegard yana da hangen nesa da cewa ta dauke da nuni daga Allah, ta yanke shawarar rubuta saukar da abin da ka gani da kuma ji.

zuhudu rai

Zai yiwu saboda wahayin Hildegard, ko a matsayin hanyar siyasa tasiri iyaye sun miƙa aika ta zuwa ga Benedictine sufi, wanda aka ayi a Palatinate Forest. Kwanan wata na samu daga Hildegard ga sufi da aka ba daidai sani. Tarihi ce cewa ta fara furta wani tsofaffi mace, Jutta, 'yar Count Stephen II na Sponhayma, a cikin shekaru takwas. A cikin 1112-m, a lokacin da Hildegarde ya goma sha huɗu, ta dauki wani alwashi daga sabis da ya fara rayuwa tare da wasu mata daga sufi da yarda da kuma albarka na bishop.

Bayan rasuwar Jutta riga a 1136 Hildegard aka hada baki aka zabe a matsayin master na al'umma-nuns abokan aiki. Hildegarde ya ce a cikin littattafan cewa Jutta sanar da ta karanta da kuma rubuta, domin ta kasance m sabili da haka ya ba su iya nazarin Littafi Mai Tsarki fassarori. A cikin wani hali, Hildegard da Jutta yi aiki tare a cikin sufi da aka shugabar wata girma al'umma na mata, a haɗe da shi. Jutta shi ma hangen nesa, kuma haka janyo hankalin da yawa mabiyansa.

kerawa abbess

A Nun Ya halitta da kansa harshen, mahaifin Esperanto, kuma ya kira shi da harshen ignota, wanda fassara a matsayin "unknown harshe". The sosai tunanin rubuta wani takamaiman harafi, kawai don ta ci gaba kamar yadda wani marubuci Hildegard na Bingen. Littafi, shi ne yafi da nufin fahimtar Allah a wajen ɗabi'arsa. Alal misali, ta aikin "A ciki yanayi ne na daban-daban na halitta halittun" gaya labarin da na da ganewa na duniya da kuma sararin samaniya. A yawa na tunani a kan wadannan al'amurra Hildegard na Bingen. Ta kerawa ne Ribar da soyayya ga Allah da mutane.

waraka

Bugu da kari ga m iyawa, ta yi talanti ɗaya warkarwa da warkarwa. Ta littattafai a kan doctoring taimaka masu yawa fama. M shi ne girke-girke na ganye tinctures da decoctions. A cikin aikinsa "Physics" ya bayyana ganye, ma'adanai, da itatuwa, duwatsu, fauna, karafa da su halayyar warkewa da kuma wadanda ba warkewa fasali. Nun sanannen domin ta magani girke-girke kayan lambu broths.

Mutane da yawa daga cikin likita shawarwari Hildegard kawai da tarihi muhimmanci, amma akwai bayanai da tukwici suke dacewa a yau. Ta melodic ayyuka suna amfani da masana ilimin tunani da kuma psychotherapists da kuma yanzu don warkar da wani tunanin raunuka.

Mutuwa, kuma alama a kan tarihin

Satumba 17, 1179, a lokacin da a kan rana ta mutuwa, da Nun da'awar cewa sun ga biyu kõguna na haske bayyana a sararin sama da kuma haye cikin dakin inda mutuwa Hildegard na Bingen. Reviews 'yan'uwa mãtã-nuns aka magana game da ita m alheri da kuma kai musu. Shi ne ta hanyar ƙarni ya bar mana da music, collections na makala da magani littattafai.

Yana aiki:

• "Ku sani hanyar".
• "The Book of rayuwar adalci";
• "The Book of halittar Allah" da sauransu yanzu kawo mutane zuwa ga hasken imani.

Hildegard na Bingen canonized tsarkaka na Lutheran coci da kuma waliyai Protestant taro. Ta rayu tamanin da biyu.