Historical Monuments na Rasha. Description of tarihi Monuments a Moscow

Historical Monuments na Rasha, bisa ga shekarar 2014, shi ne a da cikakken jerin 1007 raka'a, daban-daban a cikin muhimmanci. Kowane abu na al'adun na Rasha Federation yana da wani mataki na m darajar. Mutane daya-daya Rasha tarihi Monuments kunshe a cikin UNESCO Duniya Heritage List. Don kwanan wata, akwai 26 irin wannan wuraren, wanda 10 dangantaka da al'adu Sphere, 6 suna dauke Masterpieces na duniya muhimmanci, kuma wata 10 ne na halitta mamaki a Rasha da ãyõyin musamman na ado roko.

Da begen fitarwa

Ashirin da hudu da Rasha tunawa located a shigarwa mataki a cikin UNESCO rijistar matsayin wani ɓangare na 1988 Yarjejeniyar na Duniya al'adu da kuma Halitta Heritage. Historical Monuments, wanda aka kiyaye shi ta jihar - shi ne da farko abubuwan da musamman muhimmancin, suna da matsayi na rigakafi.

Accounting da kuma amfaninsa

Domin sallama a al'adu abu, dole ne ka yi bayanin irin tarihi tunawa da Chronology na abubuwa da suka shafi ta fitowan. Yawanci, wannan epochal lokaci zuwa lokaci. A muhimmiyar rawa da abin tunawa a kasar ta jama'a rai, sau da yawa shi ne educative kuma m muhimmanci. Description of a tarihi abin tunawa a wannan harka ta wãyi m, shi ya kamata a kunshe a cikin shirin na sakandare da kuma mafi girma makarantu.

A shahararsa ta Rasha Masterpieces

Akwai da dama Rasha littafi al'adu abubuwa da suke saba wa kowane dan kasa. Wannan tarihi Monuments, da ya shahara ba kawai a Rasha amma kuma kasashen waje. Su muhimmanci da ba za a iya overestimated. Da farko, shi ne tarihi Monuments na Moscow, ciki har da St. Vasiliya Blazhennogo, Red Square, da Kremlin, da abin tunawa ga Minin da Pozharsky. Dukan su sun mayar da hankali a tsakiyar Rasha babban birnin kasar. Sauran tarihi Monuments na Moscow ne a wani nesa, amma wannan ba detract daga martaban su. All al'adu abubuwa kare da gwamnati.

duniya al'adu

Historical Monuments na duniya suna located in sassa daban daban na duniya. Wannan ne Eiffel Tower a Paris, da Reichstag a Berlin, da Taj Mahal a kasar India, da pyramids na Fir'auna a Misira da kuma sauran jama'a. Historical Monuments taba halaka, sai dai na jahilci hare-haren ta'addanci na matsananci ta'addan.

A m al'umma yana nufin da al'adunmu na baya tare da girmamawa da kuma tarihi Monuments ana kare da kuma kiyaye a cikin dace form. Akwai daban-daban na jama'a da masu zaman kansu da kudi da adana al'adun abubuwa.

The farfado a bude iska

Monuments na tarihi al'adunmu ne yawanci fiye da shekara ɗari daya. A mafi m ɓangare na al'adu Layer - shi ne mai fitacciyar gine-gine, wanda ake fama da unfavorable yanayin damina. Saboda haka kana da al'adu da tarihi da Monuments na gine kare su daga hallaka. Wasu daga cikin su gudummawar da nufin halitta, kamar duniya-sanannen Colosseum. Wannan abin tunawa ne a gane a matsayin duniya al'adunmu ne sun fi mayar saboda da dilapidated siffofin.

gine-gine Masterpieces

Mafi yawa daga cikin tarihi Monuments na al'ada ne na da lafiya, tun da sun kasance m farfado duniya nuni da al'adu. Wadannan abubuwa sun hada da St. Basil ta Cathedral a birnin Moscow, St. Ishaku Cathedral a St. Petersburg, Sergiev Posad coci.

A general, duk da al'adu da tarihi da Monuments na Rasha ne a karkashin jihar kariya, da kuma karkashin kulawa na dacewa Tsarin. Gwamnati jikin waliccinsu yi duk abin da ya ajiye Masterpieces cewa yin up zinariya asusu na kasar.

Nau'in na tarihi Monuments

Al'adu dabi'u kasu kashi Categories, ciki har da rarities da Masterpieces daga daban-daban epochs. Monuments da cewa suna da muhimmancin, dokoki ne a raba rukuni, amma suna located in wurare daban-daban. Su za a iya raba da wadannan Categories:

• Zanen Monuments (kamar Kazan Cathedral a St. Petersburg).
• Monument Girma (Mahaifa, mahaifiyata a Volgograd).
• Monuments na tarihi haruffa (Bronze doki - wasannin mutum-mutumi na Bitrus I a St. Petersburg).
• Mutummutumai kamar yadda images of mutane da suka bar su da alãmarsu a tarihi (Alexander I, St. Ishaku Square a St. Petersburg).
• Thematic shafukan (Sevastopol Bay, da tunawa da rasa jiragen ruwa).
• Halitta monumental samuwar (Krasnoyarskii sandunan).

Historical Monuments na birnin,

musamman al'adu da ilimi a cikin ƙasa na Rasha, tare da ethnographic darajar. Wannan birni da wani sabon abu da tarihi baya. An misali ne birni-Monument Eniseisk, wanda ya tafi a hanyar da dama lokuta a ci gaba. Daga goma sha uku karni, shi ya rabu biyu, kuma a hade, sai ya zama cibiyar da Jawo cinikayya, to, shi ya girgiza hakar gwal.

Tarihi birane, Monuments da wuraren dauke jaruntakar fadace-fadace na Kursk, Sevastopol, Volgograd da sauransu. "Babu wanda aka manta, kome aka manta" - su taken, karshe ta cikin shekarun da suka gabata.

Famous Rasha Monuments

• A tarihi cibiyar na St. Petersburg da dama al'adu Monuments: Winter Palace (hermitage), Palace Square, Alexander Column.
• Kazan Cathedral a St. Petersburg m A. Voronikhin (shekaru na yi - 1801 - 1811). Gina domin ajiya na icon na Our Lady of Kazan. A 1812, da Cathedral of sojojin Rasha bar yaki tare da Napoleon. A haikalin da aka lashe Sarkin sarakuna Paul I. Kazan Cathedral, a cikin wasu abubuwa, aiki a matsayin wani kabarin Field Marshal Mihaila Illarionovicha Kutuzova.

• Moscow Kremlin Museum, da majami'u.
• Red Square, St. Basil ta Cathedral, wani abin tunawa ga Minin da Pozharsky, da danko, da kabarin, da Historical Museum.
• The al'adu hadaddun "Solovetsky Islands" a cikin White Sea, wanda ya shiga a shekarar 1992, a cikin sansanonin da Hukumar UNESCO jerin.
• The gine-gine da gungu na Kizhi: Transfiguration Church na ashirin da uku surori, da fitacciyar Rasha katako gine na coci na farkon 18th karni. Ceto Church da musamman tarin gumaka da kararrawa hasumiya gina a baya.
• A zamanin d birnin Novgorod da kewayensa, ciki har da hudu convents: St. George ta, da dabbobi, Antony da ãyã. Church of Nativity a kan wani ja filin.
• Astrakhan Kremlin - USAID, gina a kan umarni na Ivana Groznogo a 1558. A da karkararta akwai: Cathedral na ɗauka (da biyar-domed, tare da arched gallery), Cyril ɗakin sujada Prechistenskie ƙofar tare da mai kararrawa hasumiya, bishop gidan coci consistory, da Cathedral Triniti Mai Tsarki, da gine-gine "Triniti-Sergius Lavra" a Sergiev Posad.
• A tarihi cibiyar na Yaroslavl baya na shekaru dubbai. Babban gine-gine da aka gina a lokacin da birane shiryawa da sake fasalin na Catherine II a 1763 A shekarar 2005, birnin sanya wani UNESCO Duniya Heritage Site.

• Ancient birnin Pskov. Daga 1348 an dauke shi da babban birnin kasar na m Jamhuriyar Pskov. A 1510, an annexed zuwa Grand Duchy na Moscow. Shi ne a halin yanzu a cibiyar yawon shakatawa da aikin hajji. Musamman a tsakanin jan hankali ne da wadannan: da Kremlin, Pogankiny majalisar na Pskov sansanin soja, da Cathedral Triniti Mai Tsarki sufi Mirozhsky.
• Izmailovo - gine-gine abin tunawa, tsohon sarauta qasaita. A 1812 da babban ginin da aka lalace a lokacin da mamayewa na Napoleon. Shekara talatin da takwas a Izmailovo soja ya bude wani almshouse, wanda aka housed a cikin wani musamman gina wannan sabon gine-gine.
• Vladimir-Suzdal Historical-Artistic Reserve, wani ɓangare na Golden Zobe na Rasha. Shi ne na musamman da abin tunawa da gine na 12-13 ƙarni, da fari dutse Masterpieces wanda muhimmancin ba za a iya overestimated.
• Tanais - Museum-Reserve na Archeology. Located a bakin Don. Yankin na ajiye - game da dubu uku kadada, a kan shi akwai tarihi da kuma al'adu Monuments, suka fara da Paleolithic zamanin. Lãbãri daga cikin gidan kayan gargajiya, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, daidai da Yuan na zamanin d Girkanci wayewa.

Known halitta Monuments

• Lake Baikal - da na halitta ajiye na duniya muhimmanci - mafi zurfi a cikin duniya. Yana yana da musamman ikon tsarkake kansa.
• Volcanoes Kamchatka daga duka na 29 daga waxanda suke aiki. Wasu barke hudu shekara dubu da suka wuce, duk da haka maras ban sha'awa da suka ba za a iya kira na karshe lokaci, saboda a cikin zurfin na lawa ne tafasa. Daga irin wannan aman wuta bakin dutse lokaci zuwa lokaci gani tururi da kuma gas, wanda ke nufin cewa shi ne a karkashin fumarole aiki.
• Golden Altai Mountains - da musamman wuri mai faɗi da samuwar, kunsha na m elevations na mai kyau, wadda karya a wani yanki na dubu goma sha shida murabba'in kilomita. Halitta Monument kunshe a cikin UNESCO Duniya Heritage List a 1998.
• Curonian tofa - kunkuntar tsiri na yashi dogon 98 kilomita, a haɗa da Lithuanian Klaipeda zuwa Kaliningrad yankin da kuma rarrabe Curonian Kota kuma cikin Baltic Sea.
• Putorana Plateau - na musamman wuri mai faɗi ajiye, rufe wasu biyu murabba'in kilomita miliyan na ƙasa na Jamhuriyar Siberian Plateau. Halin da wani m hade da yanayin kunsa, gandun daji-tundra akwai m ga Arctic hamada. Akwai da yawa ruwan tekun Atlantika tabkuna a yankin, da waɗansu kõguna, taiga thickets. A tundra ƙaura dubban daji barewa.
• Lena Pillars - wata halitta shakatawa a kan bankunan na Lena. A jerin tsaye cliffs cewa budewa ga dama kilomita, shi ne sakamakon tectonic upheavals a kusa da 400 shekara dubu da suka wuce. Lena Pillars kunshe a UNESCO Duniya Heritage List a 2012.