Hulda da karafa acid. A dauki na sulfuric acid tare da karafa

Chemical dauki na da acid tare da karfe ne musamman domin data azuzuwan na mahadi. A cikin shakka daga ta hydrogen proton da kuma gano a tare da tare da acidic anion aka maye gurbinsu da wani karfe cation. Wannan misali ne na dauki samar da gishiri, kuma ko da yake akwai da dama iri interactions kada ka yi ɗã'ã wannan manufa. Sun ci gaba kamar yadda redox ba tare da ci gaba na hydrogen.

Principles halayen da karafa acid

All inorganic acid ya mayar da martani tare da karfe kaiwa ga samuwar na salts. An togiya ne, watakila, kawai mai daraja da karfe dauki tare da Ruwa regia, a cakuda hydrochloric da nitric acid. Wani sauran hulda na acid da karafa take kaiwa ga samuwar na salts. Idan acid ne da bã mayar da hankali sulfuric ko nitric acid, da samfurin cleaved matsayin kwayoyin hydrogen.

Amma lokacin da maida martani mai karfi sulfuric acid, da dauki fitowa da karafa bisa ga ka'ida da redox tsari. Saboda shi aka gwaje gano iri biyu interactions da hankula karafa da kuma karfi inorganic acid:

• hulda da karafa da rauni acid.
• hulda da mayar da hankali acid.

na farko da irin halayen faruwa tare da wani acid. The kawai togiya ne mayar da hankali sulfuric acid da kuma nitric acid a wani taro. Sun amsa ga wata na biyu da irin da kai ga samuwar na salts da kuma rage kayayyakin da sulfur da nitrogen.

Hankula karafa da martani tare da acid

Metals zubar bar na hydrogen a cikin wani misali electrochemical jerin, an mayar da martani tare da tsarma sulfuric acid da kuma sauran acid na daban-daban yawa fãce nitrogen samar da wata gishiri da kuma isolating kwayoyin hydrogen. Metals, located zuwa dama a jere electronegativity hydrogen, ba zai iya amsa tare da sama da aka ambata acid da kuma hul] a ne kawai tare da nitric acid ko da natsuwa, tare da mayar da hankali sulfuric acid da Ruwa regia. Wannan shi ne wani hali hulda da karafa acid.

karafa dauki tare da mayar da hankali sulfuric acid

Lokacin da abun ciki na sulfuric acid a cikin bayani fiye da 68%, an dauke da za a mayar da hankali da kuma mayar da martani tare da karafa hagu da dama na hydrogen. dauki kwarara manufa da karafa na daban aiki aka nuna a hoton da ke ƙasa. A nan, da oxidizing wakili ne a sulfur zarra a cikin sulfate anion. Yana an rage wa hydrogen sulfide, 4-valence oxide ko kwayoyin sulfur.

Halayen da tsarma nitric acid

Diluted nitric acid reacts tare da karfe, shirya hagu da dama na hydrogen. A lokacin da dauki tare da aiki karafa, don samar da ammonia, wanda nan da nan dissolves da reacts tare da nitrate anion ta samar da wani gishiri. Tare da karafa average aiki na acid reacts da a saki kwayoyin nitrogen. Tare da kasa aiki dauki Saide da a saki 2-valence oxide da nitrogen. A mafi siffofin sulfur dawo da mahara kayayyakin a cikin wani aure dauki. Misalai na halayen samarwa a cikin graphics aikace-aikace kasa.

Reaction tare da mayar da hankali nitric acid

A wannan yanayin da nitrogen abubuwa a matsayin oxidant. All halayen da aka gudu daga gishiri samuwar kuma saki na nitric oxide. Students redox halayen samarwa ga graphics aikace-aikace. A wannan yanayin, musamman da hankali cancanci da dauki na Ruwa regia da kasa aiki abubuwa. Irin wannan hulda da karafa acid nonspecifically.

Reactivity da karafa

Metals amsa tare da acid readily isa, ko akwai da dama inerts. Wannan daraja karafa da kuma abubuwa, da wani babban misali electrochemical m. Akwai da dama da karafa wanda aka gina a kan tushen da wannan index. An kira shi da electronegativity. Idan karfe an bar cikinta hydrogen, shi zai iya amsa tare da tsarma acid.

Akwai daya ne kawai togiya: baƙin ƙarfe da aluminum saboda da samuwar a kan surface wani 3-valence oxides ba zai iya amsa tare da acid ba tare da dumama. Idan cakuda ne warmed, sa'an nan farko da martani a karfe oxide film, sa'an nan ya an narkar da a acid. Metals, located zuwa dama na hydrogen a electrochemical jerin aiki ba zai iya amsa tare da wani inorganic acid, ciki har da tare da tsarma sulfuric acid. Biyu ban ga mulkin: wadannan karafa ake narkar da a mayar da hankali da kuma tsarma nitric acid da Ruwa regia. A karshen za a iya narkar da azurfa, ruthenium, iridium da osmium.