Ina Barents Sea? Tsarawa, description, zurfin da albarkatun

Kada ka san inda Barents Sea? An located a kan gefen Arctic Ocean. Har 1853 ya yi wani sunan - Murmansk teku. Yana wanke gaba na Norway da kuma Rasha. Da yake magana game da wurin da Barents Sea, ya kamata a lura da cewa shi yana da iyaka zuwa Novaya Zemlya, Franz Josef da Spitzbergen da kuma arewacin tekun na Turai. An yanki na 1424 sq. M. km. Kula: 71 ° C. w., 41 ° wani. d. A wasu wuraren Barents teku zurfin ne 600 m.

Mu ne sha'awar a cikin wani kandami located a kan nahiyar shiryayye. A cikin hunturu, ta kudu-yammacin ɓangare ba daskare, kamar yadda wannan tsarè da Arewa Atlantic Yanzu. Pechora Sea aka kira ta kudu-maso-gabashin ɓangare. A Barents Sea da matukar muhimmanci ga kama kifi da kuma sufuri. A nan ne manyan tashoshin jiragen ruwa - Varde (Norway) da kuma Murmansk. Fita zuwa teku har zuwa yakin duniya na biyu, kuma ya yi Finland: kadai kankara-free tashar jiragen ruwa a cikin hunturu shi ya Petsamo.

Don kwanan wata, da wurin da Barents Sea, suna dauke da ƙazantar. A tsanani matsalar ne radioactive fadowa cikin da shi. Muhimmiyar rawa a wannan an buga ta da makaman nukiliya jiragen ruwa na kasar, kazalika da Norway, masana'antu tsunduma a cikin aiki da radioactive a cikin wani kandami, a matsayin Barents Sea. Iyakokin ya na zuwa da mutum jihohin (tẽku shiryayye) sun kwanan nan kasance batun yankin rigingimu a Norway da kuma Rasha, kazalika da wasu sauran ƙasashe.

A tarihin binciken teku

Yanzu gaya muku mafi game da abin da muka kasance sha'awar kandami. Bari mu fara da tarihi data a kan shi. Tun zamanin da, mutãne sun san inda Barents Sea, ko da sunan shi amfani da su zama daban-daban. Its gaba suna zaune Sami (Lapps) - Finno-Ugric kabilu. A farko Turawa zuwa ziyarci (na farko Vikings kuma daga baya Novgorod) koma zuwa karshen 11th karni. A hankali suka zama ƙara m. Map aka nuna a cikin photo kasa, aka hada a 1614.

A 1853, da Barents Sea samu ta ba da sunan girmama na Willem Barents, Dutch Navigator. A farkon ya kimiyya binciken da aka qaddamar Fe 1821-24 shekaru, wanda ya jagoranci F. P. Litke. A farkon karni na 20th N. M. Knipovich sanya farko m da kuma kammala ta hydrological halaye.

Gwargwadon matsayi

Gaya mana game da wurin da Barents Sea a kan taswira. An located a kan iyakar da Arctic Ocean zuwa Atlantic. Yana da wani m ruwa yanki na farko. A Barents Sea aka located a kan taswira tsakanin tsibirin na Franz Josef Land, Novaya Zemlya da Vaigach a gabas, kudu yana da iyaka zuwa arewacin tekun na Turai, da kuma a yamma - Bear Island da kuma Spitsbergen. Mu ne sha'awar da kandami aka kẽwayesu a yamma da Norwegian Sea, a gabas - Kara, a kudu - da fari, yayin da a cikin arewa shi ne a daure da Arctic Ocean. Pechora Sea aka kira ta yanki, dake wajen gabashin. Kolguev.

shoreline

Amma, da Barents Sea Coast Fjord. Su ne mai karko, high da kuma sosai jagged. The most bays a Barents Sea: Varangian (wanda kuma aka sani a matsayin mai Varanger Fjord), Porsangerfjord, . Kola Bay, Motovsky Gulf Coast da sauran agaji zuwa gabas na sashin Kanin Nos canjãwa da cika fuska. Zama low kuma mafi yawa talauci indented ta gaba. Akwai 3 manyan m bays: Khaipudyrskaya, Pechora da Czech lebe. Bugu da kari, akwai da dama kananan coves.

Islands, archipelagos, da waɗansu kõguna

Islands na Barents Sea ne wanda bai isa. The most of wadannan ne Kolguev. Tẽku da aka iyakance zuwa gabas, arewa da yammacin Novaya Zemlya, Franz Josef da Spitzbergen. The most kõguna sunã gudãna daga cikin shi - Indigo, kuma Pechora.

igiyoyin

Da'ira kafa ta surface igiyoyin, za'ayi counterclockwise. Don arewa da kuma gabas na gabas da kudancin periphery tafi Atlantic ruwa, Norwegian halin yanzu. Shi ne dumi, domin shi ne daya daga cikin rassan da Gulf Stream tsarin. Its tasiri za a iya gano wa New Duniya, ta arewacin gaba. A yammacin kuma arewacin sassa na sake zagayowar suna kafa da kuma gida Arctic ruwan da ya zo daga Arctic Ocean da Kara Sea. A tsakiyar ɓangare na Barents Sea yana da wani tsarin vnutrikrugovyh igiyoyin. Ƙarƙashin rinjayar saɓani a cikin iska shugabanci da kuma ruwa musayar tare da kewaye jikin ruwa ya musanya ruwa wurare dabam dabam. Tidal igiyoyin ne na bayar da muhimmanci. Musamman manyan ne Coast. Barents Sea tides ne semidiurnal. Su mafi girma darajar ne 6.1 m da ya auku a cikin tekun na Kola Larabawa. Amma ga sauran wurare, da adadin zafi filasha a su - daga 0.6 m zuwa 4.7 m.

ruwa musayar

Muhimmanci a rike da ruwa balance na wannan teku ruwa musayar ake aiwatar da makwabta tekuna. Ta hanyar straits cikin kandami a lokacin shekarar samu game da 76 dubu cubic mita. km na ruwa (wannan lambar zo daga cikinta). Wannan shi ne game da kwata na yawan ruwa. The most of ta adadin (game da 59 dubu. Cu. Km a kowace shekara) ya zo da Nordkapp halin yanzu. Shi ne dumi da kuma karfi da tasiri a hydro-meteorological sigogi na Barents Sea. Game da 200 cubic mita. km a kowace shekara daga cikin jimlar kogin kwarara.

gwargwado

A lokacin high tekuna, da gwargwado na surface Layer ne daga 34,7 zuwa 35% a kudu maso yammacin, daga 33 zuwa 34% na gabas da kuma daga 32 zuwa 33% a cikin arewa. A bazara da kuma bazara bakin teku tsiri aka rage wa 30-32%. Kuma zuwa karshen hunturu, da gwargwado karu zuwa 34-34,5%.

Sashen data

Mu ne sha'awar a cikin tẽku da aka located a kan Barents Sea farantin. Ta shekaru aka bayyana a matsayin Proterozoic-Early Cambrian. Syncline - ciki kasa anteclise - ya tadawa. Amma ga karami siffofin taimako, a cikin zurfin ragowar tsoho shorelines ne kamar 70 da mita 200. Bugu da kari, akwai glacial-accumulative da glacial denudation siffofin, kazalika da yashi ridges kafa manyan tidal igiyoyin.

A kasa na Barents Sea

Wannan teku da aka located a cikin iyakoki na nahiyar shiryayye. Duk da haka, sabanin irin wannan tafkunan da shi, a fairly babban ɓangare na Barents teku zurfin 300-400 mita. Matsakaicin - 600 mita, da kuma talakawan - 229. Game da kasa topography, tsaya Upland (Perseus tare da wani m game da 63 zurfin mita da kuma Tsakiya), da bayyana (Tsakiya Plateau), da ƙullunku (West, wanda matsakaicin zurfin ne 600 mita, da kuma Franz-Victoria (game da 430 mita), da sauransu), ciki (matsakaicin zurfin da ciki na Central -. 386 mita). Idan muka magana game da kudancin kasa, da zurfin da wuya ya wuce mita 200. Ya bambanta quite hada kai taimako.

A abun da ke ciki na kasar gona

A kudancin teku wadda muka kasance sha'awar a cikin rufi daga cikin yashi mamaye laka. Wani lokaci akwai wani tsakuwa da pebbles. A mafi girma elevations na arewaci da kuma tsakiyar - yl yashi, silty yashi, da kuma adana a depressions yl. A dukan wuraren da akwai wani m-grained admixture. Wannan shi ne saboda da jerawa da kankara, kazalika da manyan yaduwar relict glacial adibas. A tsakiyar da kuma arewacin damar hazo ne kasa da 0.5 m. Saboda wannan tsoho glacial adibas a kan raba mukamai suna located kusan a surface. Sedimentation ne jinkirin (kasa da 30 mm da shekara dubu). Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa terrigenous abu kawota a kananan yawa. Gaskiyar ita ce, saboda da yanayin da taimako a cikin tekun na Barents Sea ba ya fada cikin manyan koguna, fãce Pechora River, wanda kusan dukan alluvium bar a cikin Pechora estuary. Bugu da kari, ƙasar banki na kunshi yafi na crystalline kankara, kyawawan karfi.

sauyin yanayi

Yanzu gaya game da sauyin yanayi na tafki, a matsayin Barents Sea. Atlantic teku (dumi) da kuma Arctic (sanyi) tasiri a kan da samuwar. Gaskiyar cewa yanayin yanayi ne sosai m saboda m mamayewa na Arctic sanyi iska da dumi Atlantic cyclones. Hurawa a kan teku a hunturu yafi kudu-westerly iskõki, kuma a lokacin rani da kuma a cikin spring - arewa-maso-gabas. Hadari zo nan sau da yawa. A watan Fabrairu zafin jiki ne wani talakawan na daga -25 ° C (a arewacin yankunan) zuwa -4 ° C a kudu maso yammacin. A kan teku a hadari weather ne Marinjãyi a ko'ina cikin shekara. Shekara-shekara hazo a arewacin yankunan shi ne 250 mm, yayin da a kudu-maso-yammacin - har zuwa 500 mm.

kankara cover

A gabas da kuma a cikin Barents Sea arewa na yanayin damina ne quite mai tsanani. Wannan kayyade ta gagarumin kankara murfin. Kawai kudu maso yammacin ɓangare na teku duk shekara zagaye muna sha'awar shi ne babu kankara. Ya rufe shi ne mafi girma rarraba a watan Afrilu. Wannan wata iyo kankara ne shagaltar game da 75% na dukan surface na Barents Sea. A karshen hunturu a musamman bad shekaru iyo kankara isa bakin tekun na Kola Larabawa. A kalla yawan bayanin kula a karshen watan Agusta. kankara iyakar kwanakin nan aka koma ga 78 ° arewa latitud. A arewa-maso-gabas da kuma arewa-maso-yammacin teku kankara mafi yawa ana adana a ko'ina cikin shekara. Duk da haka, wani lokacin teku ne gaba daya kebe daga gare su.

Barents Temperatuur

A gwada da high, gwargwado, kuma yawan zafin jiki a kudu maso yammacin ɓangare na tafki kayyade isowa a nan Atlantic dumi ruwa. Daga Fabrairu zuwa Maris a cikin wadannan yankunan, da ruwa da zazzabi a surface ne daga 3 ° C zuwa 5 ° C. Yana iya isa a watan Agusta zuwa 7-9 ° C. A lokacin hunturu watanni a kudu maso kashi da kuma arewa latitud na 74 ° arewa Barents surface zafin jiki ne kasa -1 ° C. A kudu maso gabas a lokacin rani ne 4-7 ° C, da kuma a arewacin - game 4 ° C. A jihar bakin teku sashi a lokacin bazara watanni da surface ruwa Layer iya warmed a zurfin 5 zuwa 8 mita zuwa 11-12 ° C.

A Fauna da Flora,

A Barents Sea, shi ne gida da yawa jinsunan kifaye (wanda akwai 114 jinsunan). Akwai wani mai arziki dabba da shuka plankton da benthos. Tsiren ruwan teku kowa a kudu. A mafi muhimmanci nau'in kifi a kama kifi da girmamawa ga - wani herring, haddock, cod, catfish, teku bass, halibut, zurfin, da dai sauransu The dabbobi masu shayarwa suna wakilta hatimi, iyakacin duniya bear, beluga. Garaya like , da dai sauransu A halin yanzu, kama kifi da aka gudanar a wani hatimi .. A kan iyakar akwai da yawa tsuntsu mazauna (gull-moeviki, guillemots, guillemot). A cikin karni na 20th a kan ƙasa kawo sarki kaguwa. Ya ya iya daidaita da kuma fara rayayye radiyo. A yawa na teku urchins, daban-daban echinoderms, daban-daban na teku taurari ne na kowa tare da kasa da ruwan tafki ban sha'awa.

Darajar tattalin arziki, masana'antu da kuma shipping

Yana da muhimmanci sosai ga Rasha Federation, kazalika ga Norway da kuma da dama wasu kasashen a cikin Barents Sea. Rasha rayayye yana amfani da albarkatun. Shi ne mai arziki a cikin kifaye iri dabam dabam, shuka da dabbobi plankton da benthos. Saboda wannan sana'ar kamun kifaye da aka gudanar rayayye a cikin Barents Sea. Rasha mahakar a kan Arctic shiryayye, kuma hydrocarbons. A musamman zane na kasar mu ne Prirazlomnoe. Domin da farko lokacin da za'ayi daga wani ajali dandali samar da hydrocarbons a yankin. Platform (MISP "Prirazlomnaja") ba ka damar daukar dukkan dole fasaha ayyukan a kan tabo. Wannan ƙwarai simplifies da samar da tsari.

Very muhimmanci shi ne kuma teku hanya a haɗa Turai na kasar mu daga gabashin tashoshin jiragen ruwa (cikin karni na 19th) da kuma Yammacin (16th karni) da kuma Siberia (15 a.). The most da kuma babban tashar jiragen ruwa na Murmansk ne Rasha (hoton da ke ƙasa).

Daga cikin wasu ne da wadannan: Indigo, Teriberka, Naryan-Mar. Norwegian tashoshin jiragen ruwa - Kirkenes, Vadsø da Vardø. A Barents Sea ne ba kawai m jiragen ruwa na kasar, amma kuma sojin ruwa, ciki har da submarine nukiliya jiragen.