Ina Hanyar kalla murabba'ai

kalla-murabba'ai Hanyar (LSM) damar kimanta daban-daban darajar daga ji sakamakon sa dauke da bazuwar kurakurai.

MNCs Feature

Ainihin ra'ayin da wannan hanya shi ne cewa daidaito sharudda ga warware matsalar ne dauke da Naira Miliyan Xari Squared kurakurai, wanda nemi su rage. Lokacin amfani da wannan hanya za a iya amfani da a matsayin na lamba da kuma hikimar tantance m.

A musamman, kamar yadda na lamba aiwatar da Hanyar kalla murabba'ai nufin dauke da fitar da mafi girma zai yiwu yawan ma'aunai na unknown bazuwar m. Bugu da ƙari, cikin mafi lissafin, da mafi alheri da bayani. A wannan sa sarrafa kwamfuta (raw data) samu wani jam'i zargin mafita, daga wanda sai mafi kyau zaba. Idan bayani kafa na parameterized, sa'an nan Hanyar kalla murabba'ai an rage wa gano da mafi kyau duka siga dabi'u.

Kamar yadda wani hikimar tantance tsarin kula da aiwatar da MNCs a kan sa bayanai (ma'aunai) da kuma ana tsammanin sa na mafita ne m da wani aikin dangantaka (aikin) cewa za a iya bayyana ta da dabara samu a matsayin jarrabawa cewa bukatar amincewa. A wannan yanayin, da hanyar da kalla murabba'ai an rage wa gano da mafi ƙarancin wannan aikin a kan sa na murabba'ai raw data kurakurai.

Ka lura cewa babu kurakurai da kansu, wato da kuskure murabba'ai. Me ya sa? Da cewa shi ne sau da yawa ji na karkata daga ainihin darajar iya zama duka tabbatacce kuma korau. Lokacin da kayyade talakawan ji kuskure sauki summation iya kai wa ga wani ƙarya ƙarshe game da ingancin kima, tun juna halakar tabbatacce kuma korau dabi'u na jam'i na ƙananan ikon samfurin ma'aunai. Kuma, saboda haka, daidai da kimanta.

Don wannan bai faru ba, kuma Summing da Squared sabawa. Ko da more domin tsara a layi girma auna darajar da karshe kimantawa da Naira Miliyan Xari da murabba'ai kurakurai cirewa square tushen.

Wasu MNCs aikace-aikace

MNCs an yadu amfani a fannoni daban daban. Alal misali, a cikin yiwuwa da kuma ilmin lissafi statistics Hanyar amfani domin sanin irin halaye na bazuwar canji kamar misali karkata, wanda kayyade nisa daga cikin kewayon dabi'u na bazuwar m.

A ilmin lissafi bincike da kuma fannoni daban daban na kimiyyar lissafi, da ake amfani da nuna ko tabbatar da wannan jarrabawa na'ura, OLS da ake amfani da musamman don kimanta da m misali na ayyuka a tsare a kan wani lamba sa, mafi sauki ayyuka amince da nazari canji.

Wani aikace-aikace na wannan dabara - rabuwar da ake so sigina daga amo superimposed a kan shi a tacewa matsaloli.

Wani fannin na aikace-aikace na OLS - Econometrics. Nan, wannan hanya ne don haka yadu amfani da wasu na musamman gyare-gyare da aka ƙaddara shi.

Mai econometric matsaloli, ko ta wani hanya, an rage wa warware wani tsarin na mikakke econometric lissafai kwatanta hali na wasu tsarin - tsarin model. Babban kashi na kowane irin abin kwaikwaya - a lokacin jerin wakiltar wani sa na halaye, wanda dabi'u dogara ne a kan duka biyu lokacin da wani yawan wasu dalilai. Wannan na iya faruwa tsakanin matching ciki (na ciki) halaye model da waje (exogenous) halaye. Wannan rubutu yana yawanci bayyana a cikin nau'i na tsarin na mikakke lissafai tattalin arziki.

A halayyar alama na wannan tsarin shi ne kasancewar dangantaka tsakanin mutum canji, wanda a hannu daya, shi dagula sauran - override. Mene ne dalili na rashin tabbas a zabi na mafita daga wannan tsarin. An ƙarin factor da ya dagula bayani na irin matsaloli ne dogaro da model sigogi daga lokaci zuwa lokaci.

Babban manufar econometric matsaloli - ganewa na model, cewa ne definition tsarin dangantaka a cikin model zaba, kazalika da kimantawa a yawan sigogi.

Farfadowa da na'ura dependencies a lokacin jerin, sassa na model iya yi, musamman, ko dai kai tsaye via MNC da kuma wasu gyare-gyare gare ta, kazalika da sauran hanyoyin. Special gyare-gyare na MNCs a warware irin wannan matsaloli musamman ɓullo da ga ƙuduri na wani matsaloli da cewa bayyana a cikin shakka daga cikin na lamba bayani daga tsarin na lissafai.

A musamman, daya daga wadannan matsaloli dangantaka da gaban da farko aka saka a kan sigogi wanda dole ne a kimanta. Alal misali, kamfanoni samun kudin shiga da za a iya ciyar a kan amfani ko a kan ta ci gaba. Saboda haka, Naira Miliyan Xari da sassa wadannan nau'o'i biyu na halin kaka fili daidai 1. A tsarin na lissafai econometric wadannan sassa iya hada kansa da juna. Sanadiyar haka ne, yana yiwuwa ya kimanta daban-daban na tõzarta via OLS, ban da na farko constraints, sa'an nan gyara sakamakon. Wannan hanya na da mafita kira kai tsaye ba Hanyar kalla murabba'ai.

Kaikaitaccen kõme murabba'ai (ILS) da ake amfani a daidai ƙayyade da tsarin model. KMNK algorithm ya shafi wadannan matakai:

1) canji na tsarin model a mafi sauki, rage form ta hanyar gabatar da wani ƙarin aiki.

2) Auna tare da wata al'ada OLS rage coefficients ga kowane Jadawalin a Saukake model.

3) samu coefficients na sauki siffar model suna tuba zuwa da sigogi na farko tsarin model.

Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa for sverhidentifitsiruemyh tsarin KMNK ba amfani, kamar yadda a cikin wannan hali, ba zai iya zama da aiki na unambiguous kimomi da sigogi na tsarin model. Domin irin wannan model za a iya amfani da wani canji MNCs - biyu-mataki Hanyar kalla murabba'ai (KDOM).

KDOM algorithm ne kamar haka:

1) dangane da Saukake model yin lissafi sverhidentifitsiruemogo lissafi dabi'u na ciki canji, wanda aka dauke a gefen dama na lissafi.

2) musanya da dabi'u na canji a wurin ainihin dacewa canji a cikin na asali model da kuma sake amfani da OLS.

Cikakken bayanin irin tsaye ba da kuma biyu-mataki Hanyar kalla murabba'ai aka bai wa a littattafai masu yawa econometric. A peculiarity daga cikin wadannan hanyoyi, kazalika da OLS, a cikin versatility damar da su zuwa tantance coefficients na wani tsarin model a cikin abin da yankin.