A rashin tabbas manufa na Werner Heisenberg

A rashin tabbas manufa da yake a cikin jirgin sama na jimla makanikai, duk da haka, cikakken rarraba shi, za mu juya ga ci gaban kimiyyar lissafi a general. Isaak Nyuton da kuma Albert Einstein, watakila ya fi shahara lissafin kimiyya a tarihin 'yan adam. Da farko a cikin marigayi XVII karni, ya tsara dokokin gargajiya makanikai, wanda su ne batun duk da gawawwakin cewa kewaye da mu, duniya, subordinated zuwa inertia da kuma nauyi. A ci gaba da dokokin na gargajiya makanikai, ya jagoranci kimiyya duniya ta ƙarshen XIX karni da ra'ayin cewa duk ka'idojin yanayi ne riga bude, da kuma wani mutum zai iya bayyana wani sabon abu a duniya.

Einstein ta ka'idar dangantakar

Kamar yadda ya juya waje, a wancan lokaci, an gano kawai tip na dutsen kankara, da kara gudanar da bincike da masana kimiyya dasa wani sabon, da cikakken m facts. Saboda haka, a farkon karni XX, an gano cewa da yaduwa na haske (wanda yana da guntun gudun 300 000 km / s) ba batun dokokin Newtonian makanikai. Bisa ga dabarbari Isaaka Nyutona, idan jiki ko kalaman jefarwa da wani motsi source, ta gudu zai zama daidai da Naira Miliyan Xari da tushen da kuma naka gudun. Duk da haka, da kalaman Properties na barbashi da daban-daban yanayi. Wurare da dama a gwaje-gwajen sun nuna musu cewa a electrodynamics, wani matashi kimiyya a wancan lokaci, aiki wani mabanbanta sa na dokoki. Ko sa'an nan, Albert Einstein, tare da Jamus msar tambayar likita Max Planck gabatar da sanannen ka'idar dangantakar, abin da ya bayyana hali na photons. Duk da haka, mu a yanzu yana da muhimmanci, ba don haka da yawa na ainihi, kamar yadda da cewa a wannan lokacin da babba incompatibility na biyu rassan kimiyyar lissafi da aka saukar, to hada wanda, ta hanyar, masana kimiyya suna kokarin wannan rana.

Haihuwar jimla makanikai

A karshe halakar da labari na gargajiya makanikai da wani m nazarin tsarin kwayoyin halitta. Gwaje-gwaje da Ernest Rutherford a 1911 godu nuna cewa zarra aka hada da mafi m barbashi (kira protons, neutrons da electrons). Haka kuma, su ma suka ƙi su yi aiki tare a kan Newton ta dokokin. A binciken da wadannan kananan barbashi kuma ba Yunƙurin zuwa sabuwar dama ga duniyar kimiyya postulates na jimla makanikai. Saboda haka, watakila, da matuƙar ganewa na sararin samaniya ne ba kawai da ba sosai a cikin binciken na taurari, da kuma a cikin binciken na da karami barbashi, wanda ba mai ban sha'awa hoto na duniya a micro matakin.

A Heisenberg Rashin tabbas {a'ida

A cikin 1920s, jimla makanikai sanya ta farko matakai, amma masu bincike kawai
Mun yi abin da shi yakan haifar da mu. A shekara ta 1927, da Jamusanci likita Werner Heisenberg tsara ya shahara da rashin tabbas manufa, ya nuna daya daga cikin manyan bambance-bambance tsakanin takaice daga mu saba kewaye. Ya kunshi a gaskiyar cewa ba shi yiwuwa a gwada duka biyu gudun da na sarari matsayin wata jimla abu kawai saboda ji mun shafi shi, da kuma saboda ji kanta kuma da za'ayi tare da taimakon photons. Idan ka na sosai trite: kimantawa da abu a cikin Macro duniya, muna ganin tunani da haske da kuma a kan tushen da wannan sa karshe game da shi. Amma a jimla kimiyyar lissafi da effects haske photons (ko wasu Kalam na ji) yana da wani sakamako a kan abu. Saboda haka, rashin tabbas manufa kira bayyananne wahala a koyo da tsinkaya da hali na jimla barbashi. A lokaci guda, sha'awa, shi ne zai yiwu don auna dabam gudun ko matsayi na jiki dabam. Amma idan muka auna a lokaci guda, da hakan zai zama mu data a kan gudun, da kasa da muka sani game da halin da ake ciki real, da kuma mataimakin versa.