IOC shugaban kasa. The International kwamitin wasannin Olympics. Thomas Bach

A matsayin shugaban kasa na IOC ziyarci da yawa shahararren mutane, kawai goma mutane. A karshe na su, T. Bach, an zabe a 2013 da kuma gudanar da wannan post a wannan lokaci. Wannan labarin taƙaice buga duk IOC shugabancin.

IOC matsayin kungiyar

IOC - shi ne babban jiki na Olympics, mukaddashin na dundundun a wannan lokacin. The International kwamitin wasannin Olympics ne a kungiyar agaji, wadanda ba gwamnati kungiyar. Its hedkwatar suna located in Switzerland (Lausanne). Na dokokin ƙa'idar da takardun da wannan shiri ne Yarjejeniya na Olympic Games, na zamani version of wanda aka soma da 14 Yuli 2001. Turanci da kuma Faransanci ne na aikin harsuna na IOC.

The International kwamitin wasannin Olympics da aka halitta a Paris Yuni 23, 1894 tare da himma da halittarsa aka yi ta Per De Kuberten, a Faransa malama da kuma zamantakewa himmar aiki, wanda daga baya ya zama Shugaba. Yana da aka a 1894, an yanke shawarar a rayar da gasar wasannin Olympic. IOC da aka bai wa aikin shirya su.

Wasannin Olympic (rani da kuma hunturu) suna gudanar da sau daya a cikin shekaru 4. IOC ya yanke shawarar a kan lokaci da kuma wuri mai raRaɗi, a shirin. Wannan shiri yana da m dama na Olympics flag, alama ce, da take da taken. A lokacin wasannin da IOC watsa da dama don sarrafa fasaha al'amurran da gasar ta kasa da kasa wasanni tarayyar.

Bisa ga dokokin da karfi a wannan lokaci, da IOC memba ne zabe ga wani ajali na shekaru 8. Yana iya sa'an nan za a sake zabe a daidai wannan lokacin. Shugaban kwamitin wasannin Olympics da aka zabe ta membobinta da m takardar za ~ en. Ajalinsu na ofishin kamar yadda na shekaru 8. Sa'an nan kowane 4 shekaru umarni iya sabunta. Wannan damar da aka yi amfani da mutane da yawa daga cikin IOC shugaban kasa.

D. Dimitiriyas Vikelas

Wannan mutumin da aka gudanar a alhakin matsayi ga tsawo, daga 1894 zuwa 1896. Dimitiriyas Vikelas - san marubuci daga Girka. A 1894 ya halarci wucin Congress aka gudanar a birnin Paris. Tun da wasannin kasance da za a gudanar a birnin Athens, da shugaban kasar, bisa ga 1 st na Olympic Yarjejeniya, shi ne ya zama daga Girka. Ya kamata a lura cewa da farko shugaba na IOC ya yi wani gagarumin taimako ga shawo kan da yawa matsaloli na siyasa da tattalin arziki yanayi. A farko gasar Olympics da aka gudanar a birnin Athens a 1896. Bayan gasar D. Dimitiriyas Vikelas mika post na gaba shugaban kasar, Pierre de Coubertin.

Per De Kuberten

Wannan Faransa Baron, jama'a adadi da kuma masanin kimiyya da aka gudanar a alhakin matsayi na dogon lokaci, daga 1896 zuwa 1925. Modern gasar wasannin Olympics kamar yadda muka ce, da aka kafa ta da shi. Babban ofishin na Per De Kuberten yi mai yawa ga samuwar da kuma ci gaban Olympics. Idealism da Romanticism - da halaye na mutum. Ba su hana shi sassauci, hakuri, practicality da kuma dagewa rike da Olympic Movement ta hanyar gwaji, kuma hargitsi na farko shekaru 30.

George. Lucas, American masanin kimiyya, wanda ya rubuta littafin "Modern gasar wasannin Olympics" (da aka buga a 1980), ya bayyana cewa, idan ka hada da dukan abin da aka rubuta ta hanyar Pierre de Coubertin, ka samu wani 25-girma tattara ayyukan. Coubertin ya jagoranci IOC na kusan shekaru 30. Baron Godefroy de Blonay shi ne ya fi kusa confidant. Wannan mutumin aiki a matsayin shugaban kwamitin wasannin Olympics a 1916-19 shekaru., Lokacin da Coubertin ya koma Faransa sojojin a lokacin yakin duniya na farko. Biyu IOC shugaba ya mutu a 1937. Pierre ya zauna binne shi a Lausanne. A Olympia, a request na Coubertin, binne zuciya.

Henri de Baillet-Latour

Wannan mutumin aiki a matsayin shugaban kasa daga 1925 zuwa 1942. An haife shi a 1876 a Brussels. Count de Baillet-Latour a wasanni, ya sauke karatu daga Jami'ar, sa'an nan aiki a matsayin jakadan Netherlands.

IOC memba Henri ya fara a 1903, da kuma a 1905 ya gudanar da gasar wasannin Olympic Congress a Brussels. A shekara daga baya, ya shirya Belgium NOC. Henry nasarar gudanar da gasar wasannin Olympics ta bakwai a Antwerp (1920). A shekarar 1925 kuma an zabe shi shugaban kasa na IOC. Ya gada, Coubertin ya ce daga gare shi cewa naci aiki de Baillet-Latour tabbatar babba nasara da kuma kyau kwarai kungiyar na Olympic Congress. Domin shekaru 17, Henry ya jagoranci IOC har mutuwarsa (a 1942). Biyar gasar wasannin Olympic da aka gudanar a karkashin shugabanci. The yawan mahalarta ya karu daga 2594 zuwa 3980, yayin da yawan kasashen wakilta su, - daga 29 zuwa 49. A samuwar wasannin Olympics a lokacin da an m kammala.

Ya kamata a lura cewa wasu manazarta gani a cikin ayyuka na de Baillet-Latour matsananci politicization wasanni. Wannan ya nuna a cikin yanke shawarar rike 11th gasar Olympics a Berlin (1936). Bugu da kari, Henry ya ki ba da damar da 'yan wasa daga Tarayyar Soviet su shiga a gare su. Kamar yadda shugaba Henry ya kasance mai husũma na da ka'idodinta Coubertin. Ya ce cewa don ƙarfafa da kyau nufi da yaki da erratic ideas kamata dauko wani hadade rukunan. Wajibi ne don en kowa da kowa mahalarta da dokoki na Games, yayin da mutunta 'yancin kowane.

Yu Z. Edström

Kan gaba shekaru goma (1942-1952) ya jagoranci IOC Yu Z. Edström. Ya dauke da wani shahararren adadi a Olympics, kamar yadda Yaren mutanen Sweden da kuma na kasa da kasa. The sana'a Yunannes Sigfrid Edström ne injiniyan kayan lantarki. A dalibi shekaru Edström halarci gasa a sprinting, shi ne zakara na Sweden. A 1912, a kan himma, da International Amateur Athletic Federation da aka kafa.

IOC Edström zama memba a 1920, da kuma a shekarar 1931 aka nada mataimakin shugaban wannan kungiyar. Bugu da ari aiki Yunannesa raya kamar haka: bayan mutuwar Baillet-Latour, ya zama shugaban riko, da kuma a cikin watan Satumba 1946, Edström ya zama shugaban kwamitin IOC. Domin shekaru shida da ya gudanar da wannan matsayi har 1952. Ayyukan Edstrema zo a cikin wani wuya post-yaki lokaci. Shugaba bambanta so ga ci gaban da gasar Olympics, ya karfafa shi. Ya yi kokarin amfani da shi a matsayin kayan aiki don inganta hadin gwiwa da fahimtar tsakanin al'ummai. Yu Z. Edström tako sauka daga shugabancin kasar a shekara ta 1952. Ya mika shi zuwa Avery Brundage. Edström rayu tsawon rai. Ya mutu a 94 ga watan shekara ta rayuwa, a shekarar 1964.

E. Brundage

A na gaba 20 shekaru da IOC gwamnati da ke a cikin hannun Avery Brundage. Ya yi aiki a matsayin shugaban kasa daga 1952 zuwa 1972. Wannan mutumin ya rundunar injiniya daga Amirka. Ya mallakar wani babban gini kamfanin. Duk da yake karatu a Jami'ar Everi Brendedzh aka tsanani tsunduma a wasanni. A 1912 ya halarci gasar Olympics, da aka gudanar a Stockholm. Brundage ne Zakaran Amurka a cikin wannan wasa, kamar yadda ya hade hanya da kuma filin events. Shi ne kuma memba na IAAF mulki.

A cikin shawarwarin da Edstrema a 1936, an zabe Avery memba na kwamitin IOC. Shekaru 10 daga baya ya nada farko mataimakin shugaban. A shekarar 1952, Brundage an zabe shugaban kasa a kan wani m-akai (akwai biyar masu nema). A lokacin na gaba shekaru 20, Everi Brendedzh jagoranci kwamitin IOC.

Yayin Cold War tsakanin Tarayyar Soviet da kuma Amurka Avery haƙuri, rayayye kuma mafadaci bayar da shawarwari game da 'yancin kai na wasanni daga siyasa. Lokacin da Rasha sojojin a shekara ta 1956 ya zo Hungary domin murkushe wani boren da pro-Soviet gwamnatin, da dama kasashen yanke shawarar kauracewa gasar a Melbourne. Brundage ce a mayar da martani da cewa, idan kowane lokaci a siyasa take hakkin doka ta dakatar da gasar, mu kawai za su rasa su. A shekarar 1964, bayan da gazawar da Amirka hukumomi don baiwa da tafiyarsu da 'yan wasa na gudun hijirar tafiya zuwa gasa a hockey Avery ya yi gargadin da Amurka cewa za su rasa su dangantakar kasa da kasa, idan suka yanke shawara su Mix wasanni da kuma harkokin siyasa.

Brundage a cikin post yi mai yawa da adana da kuma karfafa duniya wasa tsakaninsu. Ya bin da ke ƙunshe ra'ayoyi, wani lokacin ma mazan jiya. Brundage dogmatically bi dokoki da farillai na IOC. Ya shared da akida na Coubertin, wanda, ya kamata a lura, wani lokacin ba daidai da matakai abin da ke faruwa a lokacin cikin rayuwar al'umma. Everi Brendedzh saɓa wa take da kiwon da flag a girmama zakaran gasar wasannin Olympics. Ya yi imani da cewa shi ne wata alama ce ta kishin kasa. Ban son shi kuma cin kwallo tsarin, wanda ya kira wurin da a tawagar kasar a cikin sauran standings a gasar Olympics. Avery tunani shi ne saba wa ruhu da kuma dokoki na Games, waxanda suke da gasa tsakanin 'yan wasa da kuma ba tsakanin kasashen. Sports al'umma, sun kara nuna comments, game da yadda ya dace da kuma talented IOC shugaban kasa. A shekara ta 1972, Avery mika masa post Killanin. Brundage mutu yana da shekaru na 98, a shekarar 1985.

Maykl Moris Killanin

Ya shafe shekaru takwas a matsayin shugaban kasa M. Killanin. Wannan Irish Ubangiji kwale da kuma dambe, kuma Mãdalla da mahayi. Ya samu ya ilimi a shahararrun Cambridge da kuma Jami'ar Paris. Killanin yi aiki a matsayin 'yar jarida, kuma shi ma ya hallara a yakin duniya na II. Ya kasance wani jami'in a cikin dakarun na Birtaniya. Bayan da yaki, Maykl Killanin ya gudanar da daban-daban administrative mukamai a masana'antu da kamfanoni.

A 1950, ya zama shugaban kasar na Irish NOC. A shekara ta 1952, ya zama memba na kwamitin IOC Killanin. Domin matsayin memba na Board Ubangiji Maykl Morris aka nada a 1967, da kuma wani mai shekara daga baya ya zama mataimakin shugaba na kwamitin IOC. Killanin aiki kololuwa kai a shekarar 1972. A post na shugaban kasar na IOC ya gudanar har 1980.

Michael ya iya samun wani more m iri dangantaka tsakanin IOC, da IFs da NOCs - da uku main links a gasar Olympics. Its aiki ya ƙarfafa wannan yunkuri. A lokacin shugabancin Killanin akwai wani siyasa tashin hankali, wanda aka alaka da yaki da Tarayyar Soviet a Afghanistan. Duk da haka, wani m line, wadda aka gudanar da Michael ya hana da gazawar da 12th gasar wasannin Olympics a Moscow. Maykl Killanin ya mai taimako a idon basira da manufofin da daukan la'akari canje-canje a duniya. Ya yi imani da cewa Olympics za ta ƙarshe ya zama ma fi mai tartsatsi ne. Domin ayyukan aikata a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, Michael aka bayar da mafi girma ga daraja na Order of British Empire members. Ya ko da ya so ya zabi ga matsayi na shugaban kasar a ƙasarsa ta Ireland. A duniya da shugaban kwamitin wasannin Olympics girmama ga bil'adama da kuma gaskiya.

Juan Antonio Samaranch

Wannan mutumin sunansa, lalle, ku a ji. Marquis Juan Antonio Samaranch ya IOC shugaban kasa daga 1980 zuwa 2001. An haife shi a Barcelona a 1920. Sports ayyuka gaba shugaban kwamitin wasannin Olympics ya fara a matsayin mai ba da shawara a kan wasanni a cikin Municipality. Shugaban Spanish NOC, ya zama a shekarar 1962. 4 Bayan shekaru H. A. Samaranch an zabe IOC memba. Daga 1974 zuwa 1978, Huang ya zama mataimakin shugaban kasar. Sa'an nan shekaru 3 Samaranch yi aiki a cikin Tarayyar Soviet, inda ya kasance jakadan na Spain.

A wani taro a birnin Moscow a shekarar 1980, da 83rd Zama na IOC, Juan Antonio ya zama shugaban kwamitin IOC. A irin wannan alhakin matsayi, ya mayar da hankali, yafi a kan inganta tasiri na IOC. Samaranch kokawa domin karfafa ikon Olympic Movement, domin wata karuwa da ta zaman lafiya. Fuskanci tare da adawa tsakanin USSR da United States daga farkon shugabancinsa, Juan Antonio ya yi dukan abin yiwu su hana a kaurace wa wasannin a Los Angeles. Kwashe su m da kere siyasa ya sanya mafi sahihanci a idanun, barga, kuma da yawa a gasar Olympics a lokacin. Babban rabo mai girma yana da gasar wasannin Olympics a birnin Seoul a shekarar 1988 da kuma Barcelona a 1992. Samaranch tsĩrar da Olympic Movement daga waje tunkaro. Ya samu nasarar kwanciyar hankali, shi ya muhimmanci ƙarfafa kudi matsayi da kuma iko. An muhimmin taron na tarihi da aka ƙuduri a kan Olympic tsagaita wuta, tallafi na abin da ya faru a 48th zaman na babban taron MDD. 1994 da aka ayyana da shekara na Olympic akida da wãsa.

A Rasha Samaranch aiki da aka yadu yaba. Yuli 14, 1994 ya sanya hannu a shugabancin doka, bisa ga abin da Juan Antonio aka bayar da Order of Friendship domin gagarumin taimako ga karfafa da kuma ci gaban Olympics a ko'ina cikin duniya, ta kara yawan rawa a gwagwarmayar neman tabbatar da zaman lafiya tsakanin al'umma.

Zhak Rogge

C 2001 zuwa 2013 ya kasance shugaban kasar na IOC Zhak Rogge. An haife shi a Belgium (Ganta) May 2, 1942 Rogge ne likita na kiwon lafiya sciences, wani orthopedic likita. Ya yi aiki a filin wasanni magani. Count Zhak Rogge magana Faransa, Dutch, Spanish, Jamus da kuma Turanci. Ya halarci sau uku a cikin gasar wasannin Olympic - a 1968, 1972 da kuma 1976 shekara. Zhak Rogge ya wakilci kasarsa a wasanni na sailing. Shi ne ya lashe gasar cin kofin duniya, kazalika da ta biyu azurfa medalist. Rogge, 16 sau zakara na Belgium, magana a sailing. Shi ne kuma mai zakara na Belgium Rugby. Jacques ciyar goma wa kasarsa wasa.

Tun shekara ta 1991, ya zama memba na kwamitin IOC, kuma tun 1998 - wani memba na kwamitin zartarwa. Shugaban kwamitin wasannin Olympics Rogge an zabe Yuli 16, 2001 a Moscow. IOC karkashin ya jagoranci, ya nema ya haifar ga kasashe masu tasowa da matsakaicin damar shiga a cikin gabatarwa na garuruwansu a matsayin dan takarar ta karbi bakuncin gasar. A 2008, da wasannin da aka farko da aka gudanar a kasar Sin.

Thomas Bach

Wannan mutumin ya kasance shugaban kasar na IOC daga 2013 zuwa yanzu. An haife shi a Würzburg, Disamba 29, 1953 Bach yana da wani digirinsa a dokar, shi ne a Doctor of Law. A cikin shekaru biyar, Thomas yi aiki a tsare wasan zorro. A shekarar 1971, ya lashe lambar tagulla a duniya gasar tsakanin yayanka a cikin wasanni. A 1973, Bach lashe lambar azurfa tare da tawagar fencers wakiltar kasar a gasar cin kofin duniya.

Thomas Bach, kazalika da sauran IOC shugaban kasar, ya kai mai tsayi a cikin wasanni. Ya halarci da yawa gasa a tsare wasan zorro. A shekarar 1976, ya zama Olympic zakara a cikin tawagar aukuwa a gasar Olympics a Montreal. Turai Cup Bach lashe a 1978. A 1977-78, ya zama Jamus zakara a cikin mutum gasar.

A 1982-91 gg. Bach ya memba na kwamitin wasannin Olympic na Jamus. IOC memba da ya zama a shekarar 1991, da kuma shekara biyar daga baya an zabe shi a IOC Executive Board. Sau uku cewa Thomas Bach shi ne mataimakin shugaban kwamitin IOC: a 2000-04-m, m-2006-10 kuma a 2010-13. A shekarar 2013, yana da shekaru 59, Thomas ya zama shugaban kwamitin IOC. Ya zama na farko da Jamus da kuma na farko Olympic zakara, ya ɗauki post.