Irganayskaya HPP. Aiki akan kwari

Lokacin da kuka ziyarci Dagestan, kada ku fahimci irin tasirin tashar lantarki mai ban mamaki - Sulak. Tashoshin wutar lantarki guda biyu na musamman a tsarin gyare-gyare da injiniyoyi - Chirkey da Irganayskaya HPPs - su ne lu'u-lu'u na Dagestan, da ke shafi yanayin faɗuwar ƙasa da kuma ma'auni na aikin injiniya. Abu mafi muhimmanci shi ne tuna cewa wadannan hukumomi na makamashi, za a iya ziyarci su ne kawai a matsayin ɓangare na ƙungiyar da aka tsara. Amma ko da kun kasance guda ne yawon shakatawa, ya kamata ku je wadannan wurare masu ban mamaki don jin dadin adrenaline yayin da kuke tuƙi kan hanyoyi na dutsen kuma ku ga na biyu mafi girma a cikin rukunin Irganayskaya HPP.

Me yasa Avark Koisu da Irganayskaya HPP?

Wannan kogin dutse, wanda ke samo asali a cikin dutsen dutse kuma yana gudana a cikin babban kogin Dagestan, Sulak, a cikin tashar jirgin sama yana nuna damuwa da damuwa. A cikin tashar da ke ƙasa, rudin Irganayskaya HPP ya kaddamar da kogi, kamar dai yana tayar da mustang kuma ya sanya shi tashar wutar lantarki na biyu wanda ke haifar da wutar lantarki a Dagestan. Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin wannan tashar da kuma abubuwan da suka faru na baya-bayan nan na wannan tashar sun haifar da wani abu mai ban mamaki da ban mamaki. Halo, don haka ba tare da haɗe da kyau na shimfidar dutse ba.

Mataki na farko na gina - sufuri

Ginin tashar ya faru a cikin matakai guda biyu kuma ya dace da lokutan damuwa na 90s na karni na karshe. Harkokin Sulaksky na tashoshin lantarki na lantarki yana cikin ɓangaren kamfanin samar da kamfanin Rasha JSC RusHydro.

Bincike akan yiwuwar gina tashar tashar tashar jiragen ruwa na Avarska Koisu kusa da ƙauyen Shamilkala ya fara daga masu zane-zane na Cibiyar Lenhydroproject a shekarun 1970s. Amma a shekara ta 1996 an amince da shirin na gina tashar tashar jiragen ruwa a kan hanyar ƙaddamar da damuwa. Wannan yana nufin cewa ruwa matsa lamba da aka halitta da Dam, da kuma wasu - tare da taimakon da rami straightener lanƙwasa na kogin tsawon 5.2 kilomita. Don gina irin wannan sikelin ya zama dole don gina fasalin fasinja mai ban mamaki - tafkin Gimrinsky mai tsawon mita 4303. Wannan tsari, mafi girma a cikin rukunin motoci a Rasha, ya cancanci kulawa ta musamman.

Ginin ginin wutar lantarki

A lokacin da aka gina gine-gine na Gimrinsky a 1987, aikin ya fara ne akan kafa manyan sassan tashar. Kuma shekarun perestroika sun zo, babbar matsalar tattalin arziki a kasar. A shekara ta 1996, an rushe rami na farko, kuma an zubar da ruwan har zuwa mita 483 a zane 578. A shekara ta 2001, an ba da raka'a guda 2 a tsire-tsire, an sami damar 214 MW kuma yawancin shekara-shekara ya kai 656 miliyan kW / hour. A shekara ta 2008, tafkin ya cika har zuwa alamar zane, ta kai kimanin 400 MW da kuma tsarin mulki na dindindin na tashar wutar lantarki. Tsarin damba mai zurfi na mita 111 ya kasance na biyu a Rasha bayan damashin Kolyma HPP.

Irganayskaya HPP: harin ta'addanci

A daren Satumba 7, 2010, sama a kan tashar din ya kunna tare da harshen wuta. Bayan 'yan kullun mai canza gidan tashar ya kama wuta. Hotuna na tashar wutar lantarki na Irganayskaya, wanda aka rufe da harshen wuta, ya ƙunshi bugunan. An kashe wuta ta safe. Mutane 23 da kayan aiki guda shida da aka ba su damar gano abin bala'i kuma suka yi ba tare da wadanda aka kashe ba. Bayan haka ya zama sanannun cewa fashewa a cikin Irganaiskaya HPP ya faru ne saboda rashin cin zarafi na man fetur. Kusar gaggawa ta gaggawa da kariya ta atomatik tare da sakin kayan mai sun rage girman lalacewa.

Bugu da žari dubawa na tashar ta hanyar hukumomin tilasta bin doka sun tabbatar da kasancewa da wani abu mai fashewa a babban tashar lantarki a cikin dakin injin. Next zuwa fashewar na'urar, daidai a TNT 3 kg ya booby tarko a cikin wani nau'i na ballpoint alkalami. Kaddamar da tasirin wutar lantarki na Irganayskaya, bam din ya fashe, zai haifar da mummunan lalacewa. Bayanin da aka kai a gaban bam din ya zama uzuri ga zargin da ake yi na yiwuwar ta'addanci a tashar. Jami'an 'yan bindiga da ake kira Jamaat "Guraba" sun dauki nauyin. Maganar wannan lamarin ya bayyana a shekara ta 2011, lokacin da Sabuwar Shekara a tashar ta sami TNT.

Matsayin Tsaro

An saka idanu na yau da kullum game da tsaro na tashar din din zuwa sabis na musamman na tashar wutar lantarki, wanda ke gudanar da ayyukansa daidai da Dokar Tarayya "A kan Tsaron Ginin Hannun Hannu". Dangane da wannan da sauran ayyuka na al'ada, Bayanin Tsaro na aiki na tsarin samar da makamashi, wanda aka amince da Tarayyar Tarayya don Mahalli, Harkokin Kimiyya da Tsaro. Kulawa da masana'antu na Rasha da na duniya sun tabbatar da sarrafawa da kulawa da aikin raka'a.

Aiki akan kwari

Bayan shekara ta 2010, kamfanin HP na Irganayskaya ya samo tsarin tsarin lantarki da rikodi na ayyukan aiki. Abun yanayin yana ƙarƙashin kariya. Gabatar da wani tsarin da m yawan gaggawa gargadi da kuma m amsa tawagar da aka shirya. An kafa tashar tare da shingen shinge kewaye da kewaye da dams, da gine-gine na tashar wutar lantarki. Ana gudanar da kulawar bidiyon tamkar.

Ilimin kimiyya da kuma tashar

Koda yake wasu masana masana kimiyya sunyi la'akari da ambaliya a yayin gina gidan tashar, ya zama dole a lura da halin da JSC RusHydro ke bayarwa game da batun kare muhalli. Kowace shekara a cikin kasafin kuɗi na kungiyar akalla miliyan 10 na rubles an yi alƙawari don inganta yanayin kare kariya ta yanayin Irganaysky. Ana amfani da waɗannan kudaden don saka idanu kan lafiyar muhalli, aiki a kan ƙaddamar da fitilu na mercury da matakan muhalli a cikin ruwa.

Gubar man fetur kawar da shi shine misali na gudanarwa mai kyau

Misali na damuwa don kare lafiyar muhalli za'a iya la'akari da kawar da gurɓataccen lalacewar da aka samu daga fitarwa ta gaggawa na samfurori a watan Satumbar 2010. A cikin mafi guntu lokaci mai yiwuwa, tare da cika dukan ka'idoji na masu sarrafawa da kulawa, an kawar da sakamakon sakamakon fitarwa. Tabbatarwa ta ƙarshe na sashen Dagestan na Rosprirodnadzor da kuma Dagestan reshe na Cibiyar Nazarin Laboratory da Sakamakon Tsarin Kasuwanci a Tarayya ta Tarayya sun ba da takaddun shaida yayin da suke nazarin aikin don kawar da watsi.

Duk aikin kamfanin RusHydro makamashi da reshensa (Irganayskaya HPP) shine batun ƙara ƙarfin aiki na raka'a da kuma kare tashar kuma rage girman haɓakar kayan aiki. Ana ɗaukaka kamfanonin kamfanin, da makamashi da masu sana'a, shine fifiko ga tashar.