Iri ƙwayoyin cuta. Menene ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin mutane?

Ƙwayoyin cuta iya haifar da wani iri-iri cututtuka dangane da irin cuta da kuma halaye na kamu kyallen takarda. Menene ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin mutane? Su ne mai girma da mutane da yawa, da kuma cikin rãyukansu, mutane ne ko ta yaya a lamba tare da mafi dauke da kwayar cutar jamiái. cututtuka da su Range daga gwada da saukin hawa zuwa m. Mafi sau da yawa, a duniya akwai ƙwayoyin cuta da kai ga colds, mura, hanji cututtuka da kuma hepatitis.

Ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma colds

Common sanyi (as a cikin gida kira cututtuka, kamar mura, SARS, laryngitis, pharyngitis) ya kasance daya daga cikin na kowa adam ailments. A Amurka kadai a kowace shekara, kusan biliyan lokuta na SARS. Kwayar cutar na mucous membranes na hanci sassa da abu zuwa runny hanci, na ruwa idanu, sneezing da ciwon makogwaro. Cutar ya ci gaba daga daya zuwa makonni biyu. Ilimin kididdiga, fiye da 200 aka sani damuwa zai iya kai ga colds. Abin da iri ƙwayoyin cuta sun fi na kowa pathogens na SARS? Wannan shi ne wani daban-daban rhinovirus, adenovirus, coronavirus, coxsackievirus, echovirus, enterovirus, orthomyxovirus, paramyxovirus, kuma numfashi syncytial cutar.

A mura cutar

Mura sa iri uku kwayoyin. Nau'in A da B take kaiwa zuwa yanayi cututtuka halayyar na tsawon farko da marigayi kaka da farkon spring ƙarewa. C cutar kamuwa da cuta kamar kasa hankula da kuma mafi sau da yawa sa cuta a cikin wani m form. Common mura cututtuka sun hada da jiki aches, zazzabi, gajiya, ciwon kai, ciwon makogwaro, bushe tari, da kuma hanci cunkoso. Vaccinations da mura ne da hanyoyi na kariya da kwayar cutar iri A da B.

enteric ƙwayoyin cuta

Menene ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin narkewa kamar tsarin da kuma abin da su halayyar siffofin? Kwayoyin na irin wannan shiga da ciki da kuma na hanji nama, haddasa kwayar gastroenteritis. A saba cututtuka sun hada da ciwon mara, cramps, zawo, tashin zuciya da kuma amai. A matasa da yara, gami da jariran, dalili gastroenteritis sau da yawa hidima a matsayin rotavirus. Wannan kamuwa da cuta bayyana kamar zazzabi, amai da kuma na ruwa zawo. Norovirus ba ƙasa da na kowa pathogens cututtuka da shafi da yara da manya. Duk da haka, a cikin marasa lafiya na matasa, shekaru kusan ko da yaushe mamaye da wata ãyã daga cuta kamar zawo, yayin da manya fiye da na kowa m amai. Daga cikin sauran sanannun enteric ƙwayoyin cuta za a iya kira adenovirus damuwa Sapoviruses da astroviruses.

hepatitis ƙwayoyin cuta

Kamuwa da jamiái na wannan nau'in tasiri cikin hanta, triggering kumburi. Kimiyya sani biyar daban-daban da ƙwayoyin cuta da cewa sa hepatitis. Suka mai suna dogara ne a kan haruffa daga cikin haruffa daga A zuwa E. Idan kana sha'awar a, abin da suke da hepatitis ƙwayoyin cuta, a duniya, bisa ga ilimin kididdiga da bincike a cikin kasashen da kyau-raya ababen more rayuwa da kuma magani mamaye iri A, B da kuma C. The hepatitis A cutar shiga a cikin jiki ta hanyar narkewa abinci ko ruwa gurbata da tumbi. Ya ne taƙaitaccen episode na hepatitis. Damuwa da irin B zai iya sa m ko na kullum hanta kamuwa da cuta. Kwayoyin samu a cikin jini, kuma maniyyi. A mafi m lokuta na hepatitis B kamuwa da cuta sun hada da jima'i ayyukan, raba wannan allura a cikin yin amfani da miyagun} wayoyi da abubuwa, da yaduwar cutar daga uwa zuwa jariri a lokacin daukar ciki da na haihuwa. irin C cutar shimfidawa ta hanyar lamba tare da haƙuri da jini. Reusable syringes da mutane daban-daban ta amfani da kwayoyi - ya fi na kowa hanya na watsa. The C hepatitis, yawanci zama na kullum, duk da haka, isassun magani a lokuta da dama don ya rage cutar.

wasu ƙwayoyin cuta

Menene ƙwayoyin cuta mai mutum wanin sama? Idan ka buga cikakken jerin sunayen za su buga a jerin dama kundin. Haka kuma, a kowace shekara masana kimiyya samu sabon iri na yau, iyalinsu ba a sani ba. Wasu damuwa ne sosai rare, amma suna matukar hatsari domin lalle ne su yiwuwar m. Wannan, misali, cutar Ebola ko ciwon hauka. Wasu kwayoyin ne quite na kowa da suke da primary hanyar manyan yawan cututtuka. Waɗanda suka yi sha'awar abin da iri da ƙwayoyin cuta ne wani mutum, kawai bude wani m likita tunani. Saboda haka, mai kyau misali na kowa irin cututtuka suna herpes ƙwayoyin cuta da cewa sa sauki (kumfa), herpes labialis, al'aura herpes, dauke da kwayar cutar mononucleosis, varicella, herpes zoster da yawa sauran magunguna. Human papillomavirus ne ba kawai bayyanar kowa warts a kan fata, amma kuma ci gaban da cutar sankarar mahaifa.

Wanne ƙwayoyin cuta ne mutane da jimawa ba? Cututtuka na sabuwar iri - HIV, mai tsanani m na numfashi ciwo (SARS) da Gabas ta Tsakiya na numfashi ciwo (a MERS coronavirus) - zama babbar matsala, tun to date babu gaske tasiri lura da wadannan cututtuka.

bincikowa da

Ganewar asali da kwayar cututtuka ne yafi dangane da farko likita jarrabawa da kuma likita tarihi analysis. Alal misali, wata cuta, kamar mura, ne mai sauki isa ga gane, mafi yawan mutane suna sosai saba da ta manifestations. A gano wasu sauran cututtuka, duk da haka, na iya bukatar ƙarin bincike da karatu.

Bambance-bambancen karatu na bincike da gwaje-gwaje domin kwayar cutar

Tun da amsar tambayar, abin da suke ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin mutane, ya shafi dubban martani, wani lokacin yana da bai isa ba kawai don su bincika haƙuri kuma karatu ta tarihi. A irin haka ne, likitoci rubũta daya ko fiye na masu biyowa nazarin:

• jini gwaje-gwaje don duba for gaban antibodies da ƙwayoyin cuta, ko antigens ga ganewa kai tsaye;
• namo jini aka gyara, jiki ruwaye da kuma sauran kayan dawo da na'urar daga shafa yankin.
• lumbar huda ga bincike na cerebrospinal ruwa.
• polymerase sarkar dauki dabara don haifar da mahara kofe na kwayar kayyade abu don mafi m da kuma cikakken ganewa na virus.
• Magnetic rawa Dabarar domin ganewa na kumburi a cikin boko lobes na kwakwalwa.

cututtuka

Menene ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin mutane? A jerin ne mai wuce yarda m, amma da yawa cututtuka bayyanar cututtuka za a iya shirya tare da wani ra'ayi zuwa jawo sama guda jerin. Saboda haka, bayyanar cututtuka na cutar kamuwa da cuta iya sun hada da:

• zazzabi.
• tsoka zafi.
• tari.
• sneezing.
• runny hanci.
• jin sanyi.
• zawo.
• amai.
• fata rash.
• a ji rauni.

More tsanani cututtuka su ne kamar haka:

• stiffness a cikin wuyansa.
• dehydration.
• convulsions.
• inna na wata gabar jiki.
• disorientation.
• ciwon baya.
• asarar abin mamaki.
• rushewa daga cikin urinary mafitsara da kuma hanjinsu.
• drowsiness, wanda zai iya shiga cikin wani coma ko mutuwa.

Kamuwa: kwayar ko kwayan?

Menene ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin mutane? Names ne da kamar wuya a ce wani abu da layman, amma dole ne mu bambanta tsakanin cututtuka na kwayar kuma kwayan iri.

Da iri na kamuwa da cuta ne Sanadin tabarbarewar kiwon lafiya da kuma ci gaban cututtuka daban-daban. Duk da haka, akwai bambanci a tsakanin su. Kwayar cutar, ta ce sunan fara da effects a jiki da cutar - da karami kwayuka wakili da ciwon ko da karami fiye da kwayoyin. Bugu da kari, shi ne a wani m harsashi, wanda ke nufin cewa shi ne mafi wuya ga halaka. A cutar shiga kwayar halitta mai rai, kuma integrates ta kayyade na'ura na ta genome. Irin wannan pathogens ne da ba-salon salula barbashi da kuma bukatar m Kwayoyin ga haifuwa. Idan kana mamaki da abin da suke da ƙwayoyin cuta, sunayen da za ka samu a cikin wannan labarin, mafi m, zai nuna muku zuwa ga babban shafukan da kamuwa da cuta. Wannan hanci, makogwaro da kuma na sama na numfashi fili. Virus damuwa zai iya sa duka biyu kowa colds da kuma AIDS.

Don fara wani kwayan kamuwa da cuta, pathogenic kwayoyin dole ne samu damar zuwa ciki na jiki ta hanyar gurbata ruwa, cuts a cikin fata, ko lamba tare da mai cutar ko gurbata abubuwa. Daya daga cikin muhimman hakkokin bambance-bambance tsakanin iri biyu na kamuwa da cuta ne cewa kwayoyin cuta na iya shiga jiki ta hanyar lamba tare da matattun abubuwa, ciki har da doorknobs da kuma tebur fi, da ƙwayoyin cuta - ba. Wani bambanci yanayi ne na kananan kwayoyin: kwayoyin ne a cell da kuma ninka da division, yayin da cutar ya mutu ba tare da wani mai - m. Mafi sau da yawa kwayoyin shiga jiki ta hanyar da numfashi fili ko gastrointestinal fili. Wasu kwayan cututtuka ne m (as, misali, m pharyngitis - strep makogwaro).

Dalilin kwayar cututtuka

Tambayar da abin da ƙwayoyin cuta ne da wani mutum wanda shi ne musamman m saboda adam Kwayoyin suna da saukin kamuwa da su. Lokacin da fallasa su da cutar barbashi ta rigakafi da tsarin ƙoƙarin rushe tushen hatsari da kuma janye waje damuwa daga jiki.

Saukar da wata barã'aa damar da cutar zuwa da sauri hašawa zuwa da samuwa Kwayoyin. A rauni na rigakafi da tsarin kuma na taimaka wa haifuwa da cutar, har jiki ta kare tsarin ba zai iya jimre da m.