Ishim River a Kazakhstan: description, aikin gandu

Frankly, Ishim kogin ba ji dadin wannan mai girma shahararsa, kamar ka ce, da Volga, Yenisey, Lena da sauran manyan waterways. Amma, duk da haka, da mazauna yankunan bai tunanin da ransa ba tare da wannan muhimmin yanayin fasalin. Daga cikin abubuwan, kama kifi a kan kogin Ishim ya dade tun zama mafi mashahuri abin wãsa duka biyu manya da yara da suke zaune a unguwa.

Wannan labarin da nufin gabatar da masu karatu don wannan ruwa jijiya na kasar, ya nuna da manyan siffofin. Har ila yau, za ka koyi game da inda Ishim kogin gudana kamar yadda aka rinjayi yanayi weather canje-canje da kuma cewa ya kamata a dauka a cikin account, shaqatawa a kan ta bankuna.

Sashen 1. General bayanai

Ishim River, wanda yake malala lokaci guda a Kazakhstan da Rasha Federation - shi ne hagu da kuma mafi tsawo tributary da Irtysh, wanda, bi da bi, nasa ne da kwari da kogin Likitan mata, wanda yake malala daga baya a cikin Kara Sea.

A Rasha, wannan waterway gudana tsakanin Tyumen da Omsk yankuna, a Kazakhstan - Akmola da Arewa Kazakhstan yankuna.

A gaskiya Ishim yana da ba haka ba da yawa full-gudãna aikin gandu. Mafi shahara daga cikinsu suna dauke Tersakkan River, Koluton, Iman-Burluk River toad da Akan-Burluk.

Bugu da kari, a kan kogin ne kawai biyu da tafki, kuma Sergeevskoe Viacheslavskoye. Dukansu suna da tattalin arziki muhimmanci, watau. E. Su ruwa ne yadu amfani a matsayin samar da ruwa ga mazauna yankunan, kazalika don ban ruwa na filayen da gidãjen Aljanna.

Sashe Na 2. Mene ne yanayin} asa?

Ishim River fara a cikin duwatsu Niyaz gudãna yawanci a West kunkuntar kwarin da kuma tsakanin isasshen m Coast.

Ya kamata a lura da cewa ƙananan Astana kogin kwarin dada tsere ma da yawa bayan Derzhavinsk ruwa rafi ya jũya zuwa arewa-maso-gabas, saukar da dan kadan m da kauda kai da West Siberian Bayyana, inda sauran lokaci ne sunã gudãna a kan wani lebur Ishim steppe a wani m ambaliyar bayyana a cikin ƙananan gudana kai tsaye da Marshes.

Af, ba kowa da kowa ya sani nisa cewa Ishim River ne navigable for 270 km cirewa daga Petropavlovsk kuma daga Vikulovo da bakinka.

A kogin gado ne quite tortuous, ta nisa a wurare har zuwa 200 m. Advantageously yashi kasa. A total tsawon shi ne 2.450 km. Saboda haka, Ishim ne mafi tsawo a ƙasa na biyu domin ambaliya.

A floodplain ne m, yana da babban yawan tabkuna. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa kama kifi a kan Ishim River an dauke su kasance daga m kwararru.

Sashe Na 3. Hydrology Ishim

Ishim - wani kogi da exceptionally snow-ciyar, shi ne saboda da snow shi yana karɓa fiye da 80% na shekara-shekara dake kwarara. A cikin bazara, a kusa Afrilu 10-12, akwai wani gagarumin karuwa a ruwa abun ciki. Koma bayan tattalin arziki da ambaliyar ruwa na faruwa a} alla, a tsakiyar watan Yuli. Summer-kaka low-ruwa zamani yana har tsakiyar watan Oktoba. Saboda da planar yanayin da catchment yankin, da jam'i na rufaffiyar depressions, kananan sabawa kogin, tanã fita ruwa matakan saboda lokacin rani-kaka ruwa sama sosai kusan ba ya lura.

Bugu da kari, tushen da kogin Ishim da hannayen riga an ciyar da ruwan karkashin kasa da kuma ruwa amfanin ƙasa floodplain. Wannan ya isa ya tabbatar da akai ruwa ya kwarara.

Average tsawon lokaci darajar (lasafta shẽkara ɗari) da kogin kwarara a cikin shekara ne 76,0 cu. m / sec. Daskare-up yakan auku a cikin rabi na biyu na Nuwamba, kuma yana da matsakaita na 5 months. A catchment yanki - 177 dubu sq. M. km.

Sashi Na 4. Flora jihar bakin teku yankunan

Duk wani gari a kan Ishim River za a iya daukan wani priori kyau da kuma picturesque. Tafiya ta cikin yankin yawanci buɗe wani mabanbanta hoto. A cikin bazara da tekun na kogin kama wani Emerald kafet da ciyawa da haske furanni, kuma a lokacin rani sun kasance mafi yawa kamar bahar na azurfa gashin tsuntsu.

Duk da haka, zuwa karshen lokacin rani, da hoto zama mafi dismal - m steppe, bushe iska ta kone, amma wani lokacin shi ake yi wa ado da dukan filin na zinariya alkama. Hakika, da yanayin wannan yankin mutãne suka yi ƙwarai canza, kuma a yanzu hatsi filin bautar wani babban ɓangare na gida yankin fiye da da steppe ko relict gandun daji.

Ya kamata a lura da cewa gida Pine ne quite undersized, Tolstokorov, don haka gandun daji ne kamar yadda rarefied, yana da wani matalauci undergrowth da ciyawa murfin. Amma a 'yan daga cikin gandun daji da duwãtsu kuma duwãtsu har yanzu taka muhimmiyar rawa - su kare albarkatu daga bushe iska ta na bazara, yayin da a cikin hunturu da taimako zuwa ga jari na snow.

A cikin ƙananan kai na da Ishim mafi kamar taiga kogin cewa gudana sannu a hankali a cikin low wooded gaba. A kusa da arewa, da ƙasa da a cikin hanyar wani matafiyi da kuma filin hadu fiye da sau da yawa akwai kyakkyawan belostvolnye Birch Ashtarot, wanda wuce a cikin gauraye gandun daji. Akwai aka girma mai yawa firs, pines, kuma a wasu wuraren akwai ko da larch, da itacen al'ul, fir. Sa'an nan kuma, a wasu wurare, da itatuwa fara ja da baya a cikin bango, wanda zai iya ganin fadama da rare da kuma bakin ciki na fir, siririn birches. A kan bankunan na Ishim River ya kasance kullum mai yawa fadamun, da yan unguwa a shekara girbe hay a nan, kuje dabbõbi, da kuma kawai a ji dadin m yanayin wannan yankin.

Sashen 5. Features na gida fauna

Duk wani gari a kan kogin Ishim ne m ga matafiya har ma da arziki duniyar fauna, wanda ya hada da wani iri-iri na wakilan da aji na halittar dabba mai kafafuwa, kifi, da tsuntsaye da kuma, ba shakka, dabbobi masu shayarwa.

Loach, gudgeon, Dace, roach, Ruff, perch, bream, burbot, Pike, perch da spined loach hadu a kananan koguna da yawa oxbow tabkuna inda suka iyo a lokacin da ruwan tsufana na Ishim.

Tabkuna da kuma wani lokacin daskare zuwa kasa rabo daga cikin kogin ne mai arziki a cikin irin kifi da kuma minnows lake.

Abin baƙin ciki, m kifi, ya kawo a cikin littafin Red ba su samu a cikin wadannan ruwayen. Kamar yadda, duk da haka, da kuma namun dajin na dabbobi.

A warmer watanni akwai sau da yawa isasshen za ka iya saduwa da iri daban-daban kwaro. Wannan shi ne yawanci mai kyau da kuma m malam, tsutsotsi, duniya kyankyasai, dragonflies, caddisflies, mayflies, arachnids, molluscs, kwari, beetles da stoneflies. A bazara da kuma bazara da na gida mutane rika zama musamman m kan biki saboda musamman aiki na ticks.

Sashe na 6: Akwai darajan shi kamun kifi a kan Ishim?

Mafi yawa daga cikin yan unguwa suna farin ciki da suke ciyarwa lokaci a kan kogin Ishim, tsunduma a kama kifi da kuma fatan da mamaki ya kama.

Kuma nan don kama kifi na iya zama kamar yadda kananan da kuma quite manyan, don haka ba za ka iya amince tafiyar da irin wannan m farauta. Ko da yake shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa mafi girma a samfurori kama nan sau da yawa sosai.

Ga daya iya kama perch, da kuma a wasu wurare quite mai kyau perch. Duk da haka, da yawa masunta koka da cewa Pike nan ba su gani. Saboda m cikas, yi tarkace da kuma gina dams, wannan kifi ya zama gaskiya rarity a kan Ishim.