Iyakacin duniya Explorer Peter Freih: biography, na sirri rayuwa, binciken da kuma ban sha'awa facts

Peter Lorenz Edfred Freih (02.02.1886-02.09.1957) - Danish Arctic Explorer, marubucin littattafai masu yawa, Anthropology, da kuma 'yar jarida. Tarihinsa, ya na sirri rayuwa da kuma tafiya za a keɓe wa mu labarin. Mutane da yawa a cikin rai na Bitrus Freih hade da Tarayyar Soviet. Ya ziyarci Rasha kuma halarci expeditions zuwa Arctic ci gaba. Ya kuma hada kai tare da Tarayyar Soviet na iyakacin duniya explorers. Kuma abin da muka sani game da sirri rai? Suka ce ya rayu a Greenland, kuma ko da ya auro Eskimo? A cikin hotuna Arctic Explorer kama wani real giant. Musamman ma a cikin unguwa da karama matarsa. Mẽne ne - shortcomings bege hotuna ko Freih gaske fama gigantism? Abin da littattafan da ya rubuta? Za su iya karanta wani saba da mutum a cikin kimiyya terminology? Duk wannan za a tattauna a wannan labarin.

Biography, farkon mai aiki matafiyi

Peter Freyhen aka haife a garin Nykøbing, Denmark, Fabrairu 2, 1886. Uwãyensa sun kasance Benzon Lorenz da kuma Anna Petrina Frederikka (nee Rasmussen). Boy daga yara da aka janyo hankalin zuwa teku kanta. Kila shafi genes Viking. Amma saurayin sauke karatu daga Jami'ar, "philology". Wannan taimake shi daga baya ya zama sananne a matsayin wani marubuci kuma dan jarida. A shekarar 1906, ya soja kurum marar a cikin balaguro mambobi kuma, ta haka ne, to 1908 karatu Greenland. Amma a lokacin da ya koma gida da kuma bai tsaya ba mafarki na Far Arewa. A 1910, shi da majibinci ne, masoyi, wani iyakacin duniya Explorer Knud Rasmussen kafa wani ciniki tashar-Thule. Ya zauna tare da Eskimos daga 1913 zuwa 1919. Daga baya ya zama memba na wani balaguro ne, wanda shi cikakken taswirar Greenland (1921-1924 gg.).

iyali

A cikin sirri rai na iyakacin duniya mai bincike da aka sani cewa ya aka yi aure sau uku. A karo na farko da ya gaske aure zuwa wani Eskimo mai suna Navarana Mekupaluk. Ta haifa mijinta da ɗa Mekusaka Avataka Igimakssusuktoranguapaluka kuma ya Pipaluk Jette Tukuminguak Kasaluk Palika Hager. Wannan aure dade shekaru goma (daga 1911 zuwa 1921), yayin da Navarana mutu daga "Spanish mura" - wani mummunan annoba da mura, wanda janyo hankalin mai babbar mutum kuɗin fito a Yammacin Turai da kuma Arewacin Amirka. A karo na biyu da Bitrus Freih aure a 1924 a cikin Magadaliya Vang Lauridsen. Amma da biyu yanke shawarar kashe aure a shekarar 1944. A karshe, a shekarar 1945, na iyakacin duniya mai bincike da nasaba masa abin rekõdinsa da Dagmar Kohno (1907-1991). Jikoki Freih, inuite (Eskimos) Bitrus, mun sani cewa ya aka matsayin kantoman Nuantsinaka a Canada daga shekarar 1979 zuwa 1984.

Rayuwa a Greenland. A sansanin tashan Tula

Da zarar ziyarci Greenland, Freih iya su rayu ba tare da shi a duniya, most tsibirin. Ya koma can a 1910 da kuma har abada nasaba masa abin rekõdinsa da asalin mutanen, da Inuit. Tare da wani iyakacin duniya Explorer, Knud Rasmussen, Freih kafa Tula. Its sunan, wannan shuka ta samu daga Ultima Thule - arewacin akwatin gidan abu. Tula ya da tushe domin da yawa expeditions. Ta kullum rayu daga 1913 zuwa 1919, Bitrus da matarsa Freih, Navarana. Iyakacin duniya explorers sanya m forays m, sau biyu haye Greenland ta kare seleji. Total daga 1912 zuwa 1933 da aka za'ayi bakwai irin expeditions.

Abin da ya Peter Freih: tsawo da nauyi

A shekarar 1958, Denmark ta buga wani littafi na tunanin game da wannan ban mamaki iyakacin duniya Explorer. Its marubucin ne daga 'yar farko da aure Pipaluk, Uvdluriak Inuterssuak wa Navarany, Niels Bohr, ta Nobel, da sauransu. "The Book of Freyhene" cike da dumi kalmomi game da jarumi iyakacin duniya explorers, wanda nasaba da rabo tare da duk Inuit, kuma ko da auratayya da su. Daga cikin abubuwan, shi tada tambaya na da girma da wannan musamman mutum. Bayan duk, tsohon photo, wanda ya nuna a iyakacin duniya Explorer Peter Freih tare da matarsa, ya kama da wani real giant. Amma wannan sakamako aka samu saboda da miniaturization matarsa Dagmar (nee Gale).

Ko da yake Freih, kamar yadda suka faɗa game da shi, waɗanda suka san shi, shi ne mai tsayi, powerfully gina mutum. Ko Thor Heyerdahl, ya ba short jiki, ya bayyana sha'awar da ya adadi. Amma wannan warrior taba amfani da ikonsa don mugunta. Ya aka sani a matsayin wani musamman dobrogoi m mutum, ko da yaushe yana zuwa da taimakon raunana. Mutane da yawa koma zuwa gare shi a matsayin mutum mai da'awar kare hakkin. Bayan duk, ya yi yaƙi domin mafi rayuwa ga 'yan asalin mutanen Far Arewa. Daga cikin shafukan da "Littafi na Freyhene" mun fuskanci siffar wani bincike, a talented marubuci kuma humanist.

Nazarin a wasu kasashe

Greenland ya kasa daga cikin mafarki. Amma cikin matsananci hali na wasu yankunan na Far Arewa ishãra shi ba tare da wani karami karfi. Ya dauki damar, da kuma lokacin da Amirkawa yanke shawarar yin shirin gaskiya game da halitta kyakkyawa na Alaska, gangarawa wannan fim balaguro. Peter Freih ziyarci Hudson. Daga baya, ya yi tafiya zuwa matsananci arewacin yankunan da Sweden (Lapland) da kuma Norway. A 1935, Arctic Explorer ya yanke shawarar canza lokacin da iyakacin duniya kankara a kan sauyin yanayi na savannas da wannan manufa je Afrika ta Kudu. Ya kuma yi tafiya cikin Arewa da kuma Kudancin Amirka. Amma mafi yawansu duk ya so ya matsananci arewacin yanayi. A 1928 da kuma 1937 ya dauki kashi a biyu Soviet expeditions, wanda aka cika a cikin Siberian Arctic. Ya na da karfi da abota da Academician Shmidtom O. Yu. Masani kome game da bango na Stalinist gwamnatin da Gulag, da Danish iyakacin duniya da bin ƙunshe ra'ayoyi a kan Tarayyar Soviet.

Yakin duniya na II

A lokacin da wannan mummunan lokaci, a lokacin da Turai da aka fi sani da Naziyanci share, Peter Freih, wanda tsayinsa kamu shida feet bakwai inci, ba zai zauna daga taron. Ya koma gida a Denmark, kuma ya kasance mai aiki memba na juriya motsi. Amma a lokacin da ya rasa a kafar (saboda frostbite a 1926). Freih bayyane bayyana cewa ya - Bayahude, ko da inda yake, ya daraja shi kawai don jin wasu irin anti-Semitic Maxim. A ƙarshe ya aka kama da Nazis da kuma yanke masa hukumcin kisa. Amma da jarumi iyakacin duniya mai bincike gudanar ya tsere daga zaman talala. A farko yake boye a Sweden sa'an nan ya koma Amurka. Bayan yakin duniya na biyu Freih ya kõmo zuwa da ƙaunataccen Greenland, da Inuit harshe, da al'adu, da kuma hadisai na wanda ya san. Wanderlust taba bar shi har mutuwarsa. Eh, ya mutu cikin shahararrun matafiyi a watan Satumba 1957 da wani ciwon zuciya a filin jirgin sama Elmendorf, Alaska, a lokacin da yake gab da tashi zuwa Greenland. Ya kasance da saba'in da daya da shekaru. Ya rage da aka binne a cikin ƙasa, masoyi a gare shi - a kusa da Thule tashar a Greenland. A karshe shekaru ransa tare da matarsa Dagmar zauna a New York ko a cikin na biyu gida a Noanke (CT).

Biography kuma marubucin littafin

Freih Bitrus da aka sani ba kawai domin ta na iyakacin duniya gudanar da bincike. Ya kuma rubuta littattafai. Kuma ba haka ba ne kawai game da kimiyya da ayyuka, makala, litattafan da Documentaries, amma kuma aiki na almarar - gajejjeran labaru, kwaikwaiyo da kuma litattafan. Abin baƙin ciki, a Rasha aka buga kawai uku daga cikin ayyukansa. Wannan labari "My Greenland matasa" da kuma "babban abun kama." Wani labarin da abubuwa na tarihin rayuwar - "St. John wort Melville Bay." Kunna shafukan na wannan littafin, mun ganin hoton na ban sha'awa, sada mutum, ganin darajarsa kowane daga cikin halin kirki da kuma ta jiki halaye. Abokai an kõma zuwa gare shi, kuma ya girmama wasu, ko da kuwa su launin fata. Wannan iyakacin duniya kokarin taimakawa duk wanda yake cikin matsala. "St. John wort Bay Melville" - yabon Allah da Inuit mutanen da suka rayu a cikin matsananci da m yanayi a tsibirin, kusan gaba ɗaya gudanar saukar da kankara kwasfa. A littafin da aka saka a cikin labari da kuma Turai matuƙan da whalers. A na biyu ziyarar Bitrus Freih za a iya karanta a cikin littafin "Siberian Adventure" a cikin tarayyar Soviet. Kamar kwana uku kafin mutuwarsa, wanda ya faru Satumba 2, 1957, marubucin ya gama aiki a kan rubutun da "Littafi na Bakwai teku".

sauran ayyukan

Iyakacin duniya Explorer Peter Freih shekaru masu yawa ya memba na da yawa kasa jama'a a kasashe daban-daban na duniya. All yaba wa undeniable taimako ga nazari na Arctic. Daga cikin manyan kuma sanannen kulake iya ambaci International Society for su. Mark Twain, wani girmamawa memba na wanda ya Freih. Ya tafiya a duniya, tare da sake zagayowar na bayar da laccoci game da al'adu na Inuit. A kan isa yabo da aka kimanta da kuma aikinsa a matsayin wani marubuci kuma dan jarida. Ya kasance mai m memba na Arctic Cibiyar Denmark. A 'yan shekaru da Bitrus Freih gudanar da wani babban matsayi na shugaban kungiyar marubuta na ƙasarsa ta kasar. Ya kamata a ce cewa bincike ya nuna kansa da kyau a cikin rawar da actor. Popular sau da yawa ya sami kansa a cikin firam na Documentaries game da matsananci yanayi na Arewa. A farko, ya kawai tare da fim na balaguro a matsayin wani gogaggen shugaba. Amma daga baya ya zama kansa sharhi cewa gyarawa kamara. Ya kuma alamar tauraro a dama Hollywood fina-finan.

karrama

Shahararren Arctic Explorer Peter Freih ya samu da yawa awards ga aikinsa. Ya lashe zinare na birni na Kasa Society of Philadelphia da kuma mai suna Hans Egede. Ya aka kuma bayar da kyauta mafi girma da na Benjamin Franklin.